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android 动态壁纸
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引用：http://www.ophonesdn.com/article/show/278
http://developer.android.com/resources/samples/CubeLiveWallpaper/src/com/example/android/livecubes/cube1/CubeWallpaper1.html
標簽 :?動態(tài)壁紙?Live?Wallpapers?時間壁紙?TimeWall
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隨著三星Oscar的上市，流暢的操作，華麗的界面，OPhone 2.0的不俗表現(xiàn)不禁讓人眼前一亮。作為OPhone 2.0一個新特性，動態(tài)壁紙(Live Wallpapers)為用戶帶來了更炫體驗。本文主要通過一個完整的時間壁紙（TimeWall）為大家介紹如何開發(fā) Live Wallpapers。還沒開發(fā)環(huán)境？趕緊去下載OPhone SDK 2.0吧！
1、 Live Wallpapers是什么？ 在oscar上有一個動態(tài)壁紙叫“天空草地”，用過一段時間，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著時間的變化，壁紙的天空就會由藍藍青天變成繁星滿天。看看效果： 為什么壁紙還有這么神奇的變化，這中間到底是什么在起作用？其實，一個Live Wallpaper就是一個apk！也就是說，動態(tài)壁紙的實質是一個apk在后臺不斷地重繪壁紙，所以我們可以讓小草長高，小鳥飛翔。 來看一下我們TimeWall的AndoridManifest.xml： view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
<?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="utf-8"?>??<manifest?xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??????package="com.oms.LiveWall"?android:versionCode="1"??????android:versionName="1.0">??????<application?android:icon="@drawable/icon"?android:label="@string/app_name">??????????<service?android:label="@string/app_name"?android:name=".TimeWall"??????????????android:permission="android.permission.BIND_WALLPAPER">??????????????<intent-filter>??????????????????<action?android:name="android.service.wallpaper.WallpaperService"?/>??????????????</intent-filter>??????????????<meta-data?android:name="android.service.wallpaper"??????????????????android:resource="@xml/alive_wall"?/>??????????</service>??????</application>??????<uses-sdk?android:minSdkVersion="7"?/>??</manifest>?? 原來如此簡單，動態(tài)壁紙僅僅有一個service就夠了。其中 android:permission="android.permission.BIND_WALLPAPER" 是讓該service有能設置為壁紙的權限，沒有的話該壁紙只能被預覽。 <uses-sdk?android:minSdkVersion="7"?/> 告訴我們，如果你想開發(fā)一個live wallpaper，必須是OPhone 2.0或者更高的版本。當然這也需要手機硬件的支持。
2、怎樣實現(xiàn)WallpaperService？ WallpaperService與其他的service唯一的不同就是，你必須要增加一個方法onCreateEngine()，它會返回一個WallpaperService.Engine，這個engine才是負責繪制壁紙以及響應與用戶交互事件的核心部件。這個service代碼結構如下： view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
public?class?TimeWall?extends?WallpaperService?{?????????public?Engine?onCreateEngine()?{??????????return?new?TimeEngine();??????}?????????public?class?TimeEngine?extends?Engine?{????????????????}??}?? 類TimeEngine才是處理壁紙的核心類，我們會在類TimeEngine中加上自己的邏輯以完成壁紙的繪制、變化以及銷毀。Engine的生命周期與大多數(shù)OPhone應用程序組件，比如activity類似，都是從onCreate()開始，在銷毀時調用onDestory()方法。不同的是WallpaperService會提供一個surface用來繪制壁紙，所以在生命周期中多一個onSurfaceCreated與onSurfaceDestroyed的過程。下面是一個最簡生命周期： 也就是說只要我們實現(xiàn)上面四個方法，一個基本的LiveWallpaper就可以完成了。讓我們逐個看一下這幾個方法的實現(xiàn)。 view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
@Override??public?void?onCreate(SurfaceHolder?surfaceHolder)?{??????super.onCreate(surfaceHolder);??????setTouchEventsEnabled(true);??}????@Override??public?void?onDestroy()?{??????super.onDestroy();??????mHandler.removeMessages(DRAW);??}????@Override??public?void?onSurfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder?holder)?{??????super.onSurfaceCreated(holder);??????mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(DRAW);??}????@Override??public?void?onSurfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder?holder)?{??????super.onSurfaceDestroyed(holder);??????mHandler.removeMessages(DRAW);??}?? 在onCreate方法里，我們 setTouchEventsEnabled(
true); 作用是使壁紙能響應touch event，默認是false。TimeWall會在用戶點擊屏幕的時候畫一個十字架，所以我們需要設置其為true。 可以看到我們在這四個方法里面做的事情非常簡單，就是在create時候發(fā)一個message，執(zhí)行畫面的繪制，在destory時remove這個消息。看一下mHandler的代碼： view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
private?Handler?mHandler?=?new?Handler()?{????????public?void?handleMessage(Message?msg)?{????????????switch?(msg.what)?{????????????case?DRAW:????????????????drawWall();????????????????break;????????????}????????}????};?? 方法drawWall()： view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
private?void?drawWall()?{??????????????SurfaceHolder?holder?=?getSurfaceHolder();??????????????Canvas?canvas?=?holder.lockCanvas();??????????????drawTime(canvas);??????????????drawCross(canvas);??????????????holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);?????????????????mHandler.removeMessages(DRAW);??????????????mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(DRAW,?50);??????????}?? 從上面可以看出，動態(tài)壁紙實際上就是不斷刷新的靜態(tài)壁紙，越華麗越流暢，CPU就消耗越大，對于現(xiàn)在的本來電量就不怎么地的智能機來說，耗電也是很可觀的。但是偶爾向朋友們炫一下還是絕對可行的。drawTime()與drawCross()的內容可以由家自己實現(xiàn)，在TimeWall里，它們比較簡單。drawTime()是計算下一處Time String應該移動到的坐標，以及畫出這個String。drawCross()的作用是在用戶觸發(fā)onTouchEvent時畫一個十字架。因為TimeWall比較簡單，如果大家自己實現(xiàn)的畫圖比較復雜，可以另外開啟一個線程來刷新UI，否則有可能主線程被阻塞掉。（代碼見附件） 看看TimeWall的效果：
附件代碼：
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package?com.OPhonesdn.timewall;?????import?java.text.SimpleDateFormat;??import?java.util.Date;?????import?android.graphics.Canvas;??import?android.graphics.Color;??import?android.graphics.Paint;??import?android.os.Handler;??import?android.os.Message;??import?android.service.wallpaper.WallpaperService;??import?android.view.MotionEvent;??import?android.view.SurfaceHolder;?????public?class?TimeWall?extends?WallpaperService?{?????????public?Engine?onCreateEngine()?{??????????return?new?TimeEngine();??????}?????????public?class?TimeEngine?extends?Engine?{?????????????private?final?float?STEP_X?=?2f;??????????private?final?float?STEP_Y?=?7f;??????????private?final?float?SCOPE_LEFT?=?10f;??????????private?final?float?SCOPE_RIGHT?=?110f;??????????private?final?float?SCOPE_TOP?=?250f;??????????private?final?float?SCOPE_BOTTOM?=?600f;??????????private?final?float?RADIUS?=?20f;??????????private?final?int?DIRECTION_1?=?1;???????????private?final?int?DIRECTION_2?=?2;???????????private?final?int?DIRECTION_3?=?3;???????????private?final?int?DIRECTION_4?=?4;???????????private?final?int?DRAW?=?1;??????????private?float?mTouchX?=?-1f;??????????private?float?mTouchY?=?-1f;??????????private?float?mLocationX?=?0f;??????????private?float?mLocationY?=?400f;??????????private?int?mDirection?=?1;?????????????private?Paint?mPaint?=?new?Paint();??????????private?Handler?mHandler?=?new?Handler()?{??????????????public?void?handleMessage(Message?msg)?{??????????????????switch?(msg.what)?{??????????????????case?DRAW:??????????????????????drawWall();??????????????????????break;??????????????????}??????????????}??????????};?????????????public?TimeEngine()?{??????????????mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);??????????????mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);??????????????mPaint.setStrokeWidth(4);??????????????mPaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.BUTT);??????????????mPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);??????????????mPaint.setTextSize(40);??????????}?????????????@Override??????????public?void?onCreate(SurfaceHolder?surfaceHolder)?{??????????????super.onCreate(surfaceHolder);??????????????setTouchEventsEnabled(true);??????????}?????????????@Override??????????public?void?onDestroy()?{??????????????super.onDestroy();??????????????mHandler.removeMessages(DRAW);??????????}?????????????@Override??????????public?void?onSurfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder?holder)?{??????????????super.onSurfaceCreated(holder);??????????????mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(DRAW);??????????}?????????????@Override??????????public?void?onSurfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder?holder)?{??????????????super.onSurfaceDestroyed(holder);??????????????mHandler.removeMessages(DRAW);??????????}?????????????@Override??????????public?void?onTouchEvent(MotionEvent?event)?{??????????????if?(event.getAction()?==?MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE??????????????????????||?event.getAction()?==?MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN)?{??????????????????mTouchX?=?event.getX();??????????????????mTouchY?=?event.getY();??????????????}?else?{??????????????????mTouchX?=?-1;??????????????????mTouchY?=?-1;??????????????}??????????????super.onTouchEvent(event);??????????}?????????????private?void?drawWall()?{??????????????SurfaceHolder?holder?=?getSurfaceHolder();??????????????Canvas?canvas?=?holder.lockCanvas();??????????????drawTime(canvas);??????????????drawCross(canvas);??????????????holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);?????????????????mHandler.removeMessages(DRAW);??????????????mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(DRAW,?50);??????????}?????????????private?void?drawTime(Canvas?c)?{??????????????Date?date?=?new?Date(System.currentTimeMillis());??????????????SimpleDateFormat?sdf?=?new?SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd?HH:mm:ss");??????????????String?strDate?=?sdf.format(date);??????????????c.save();??????????????c.drawColor(0xff000000);??????????????c.drawText(strDate,?mLocationX,?mLocationY,?mPaint);??????????????switch?(mDirection)?{??????????????case?DIRECTION_1:??????????????????mLocationX?=?mLocationX?+?STEP_X;??????????????????mLocationY?=?mLocationY?-?STEP_Y;??????????????????if?(mLocationY?<=?SCOPE_TOP)?{??????????????????????mDirection?=?DIRECTION_2;??????????????????}??????????????????break;??????????????case?DIRECTION_2:??????????????????mLocationX?=?mLocationX?+?STEP_X;??????????????????mLocationY?=?mLocationY?+?STEP_Y;??????????????????if?(mLocationX?>=?SCOPE_RIGHT)?{??????????????????????mDirection?=?DIRECTION_3;??????????????????}??????????????????break;??????????????case?DIRECTION_3:??????????????????mLocationX?=?mLocationX?-?STEP_X;??????????????????mLocationY?=?mLocationY?+?STEP_Y;??????????????????if?(mLocationY?>=?SCOPE_BOTTOM)?{??????????????????????mDirection?=?DIRECTION_4;??????????????????}??????????????????break;??????????????case?DIRECTION_4:??????????????????mLocationX?=?mLocationX?-?STEP_X;??????????????????mLocationY?=?mLocationY?-?STEP_Y;??????????????????if?(mLocationX?<=?SCOPE_LEFT)?{??????????????????????mDirection?=?DIRECTION_1;??????????????????}??????????????????break;??????????????}??????????????c.restore();??????????}?????????????private?void?drawCross(Canvas?c)?{??????????????if?(mTouchX?>=?0?&&?mTouchY?>=?0)?{??????????????????c.drawLine(mTouchX?-?RADIUS,?mTouchY,?mTouchX?+?RADIUS,??????????????????????????mTouchY,?mPaint);??????????????????c.drawLine(mTouchX,?mTouchY?-?RADIUS,?mTouchX,??????????????????????????mTouchY?+?RADIUS,?mPaint);??????????????}??????????}??????}??}????? 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