什么是龍卷風？ (What is Tornado?)

Tornado is a python web framework and asynchronous networking library. It is scalable and non-blocking. It specializes in dealing with event-driven networking. As tornado supports concurrent connections, naturally, a server can take advantage of this behavior and handle a lot of web socket connections within a single node.

Tornado是一個python Web框架和異步網絡庫 。 它具有可伸縮性和非阻塞性。 它專門處理事件驅動的網絡。 由于龍卷風支持并發連接，自然地，服務器可以利用此行為并在單個節點內處理許多Web套接字連接。

什么是Websocket？ (What is Websocket?)

WebSocket is a protocol that provides full-duplex communication channels over a single TCP connection. The behavior of the open socket makes a web connection stateless and facilitates the real-time data transfer to and from the server.

WebSocket是一種協議，可通過單個TCP連接提供全雙工通信通道。 開放套接字的行為使Web連接變為無狀態，并促進了與服務器之間的實時數據傳輸。

WebSockets are designed to be used in web-browsers and servers. A connection is opened once and messages can travel to-fro multiple times before the connection is closed.

WebSockets設計用于Web瀏覽器和服務器。 連接一次打開，并且消息可以在關閉連接之前往返傳輸多次。

安裝龍卷風 (Install Tornado)

Installing the tornado is rather simple in a virtual environment using pip.

在使用pip的虛擬環境中安裝龍卷風非常簡單。

• Create a virtual environment

  創建一個虛擬環境

  python3 -m venv /path/to/virtual/environment

  python3 -m venv / path / to / virtual / environment

  >> python3 -m venv venv

  >> python3 -m venv venv

• Source the virtual environment

  采購虛擬環境

  >> source venv/bin/activate

  >>源venv / bin / activate

• Install the websocket-client using pip

  使用pip安裝websocket-client

  >> (venv) pip3 install tornado

  >>(Venv)pip3安裝龍卷風

Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/30/78/2d2823598496127b21423baffaa186b668f73cd91887fcef78b6eade136b/tornado-6.0.3.tar.gz Requirement already satisfied: six in ./venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from websocket_client==0.56.0->-r requirements.txt (line 1)) (1.12.0) Installing collected packages: tornadoRunning setup.py install for tornado ... done Successfully installed tornado-6.0.3

使用Tornado庫啟動Web套接字服務器的Python示例 (Python example to start a web socket server using Tornado library)

'''This module hosts a websocket server using tornadolibraries '''import tornado.web import tornado.httpserver import tornado.ioloop import tornado.websocket as ws from tornado.options import define, options import timedefine('port', default=4041, help='port to listen on')class web_socket_handler(ws.WebSocketHandler):'''This class handles the websocket channel'''@classmethoddef route_urls(cls):return [(r'/',cls, {}),]def simple_init(self):self.last = time.time()self.stop = Falsedef open(self):'''client opens a connection'''self.simple_init()print("New client connected")self.write_message("You are connected")def on_message(self, message):'''Message received on the handler'''print("received message {}".format(message))self.write_message("You said {}".format(message))self.last = time.time()def on_close(self):'''Channel is closed'''print("connection is closed")self.loop.stop()def check_origin(self, origin):return Truedef initiate_server():#create a tornado application and provide the urlsapp = tornado.web.Application(web_socket_handler.route_urls())#setup the serverserver = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(app)server.listen(options.port)#start io/event looptornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()if __name__ == '__main__':initiate_server()

The above code will start the server on localhost and port as 4041.

上面的代碼將在localhost和端口4041上啟動服務器。

Connect to the server using a websocket client code (example below),

使用websocket客戶端代碼連接到服務器(以下示例)，

from websocket import create_connectiondef short_lived_connection():ws = create_connection("ws://localhost:4040/")print("Sending 'Hello Server'...")ws.send("Hello, Server")print("Sent")print("Receiving...")result = ws.recv()print("Received '%s'" % result)ws.close()if __name__ == '__main__':short_lived_connection()

Output (Client side):

輸出(客戶端)：

>>Sending 'Hello, Server'... >>Sent >>Receiving... >>Received 'You are connected'

Output (Server side):

輸出(服務器端)：

>>New client connected >>received message Hello, Server >>connection is closed

References:

參考文獻：

• Tornado

  龍卷風

• WebSocket

  WebSocket

翻譯自: https://www.includehelp.com/python/how-to-implement-a-websocket-server-using-tornado.aspx

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