mysql导入工具 行提交_使用命令行工具mysqlimport导入数据
Usage: mysqlimport [OPTIONS] database textfile …
mysqlimport 程序是一個將以特定格式存放的文本數據(如通過“select * into OUTFILE from …”所生成的數據文件)導入到指定的MySQL Server 中的工具程序，比如將一個標準的csv 文件導入到某指定數據庫的指定表中。mysqlimport 工具實際上也只是“load data infile”命令的一個包裝實現。
默認從以下路徑中文件讀取默認參數
/etc/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
1、常用選項：
--fields-terminated-by=字符串：設置字符串為字段之間的分隔符，可以為單個或多個字符。默認值為制表符“\t”。
-L, –local：表示從客戶端任意路徑讀取文件導入表中，未設置該選項時，默認只從datadir下同名數據庫目錄下讀取文件導入
--ignore-lines=n：表示可以忽略前n行。
-l, –lock-tables：寫入時鎖定所有表
-p, –password[=name]：指定用戶密碼
-u, –user=name：指定登入MySQL用戶名
-h, –host=name：指定遠程連接的服務器
-c, –columns=name：往表里導入指定字段，如：–columns=’Name,Age,Gender’
-C, –compress：在客戶端和服務器之間啟用壓縮傳遞所有信息
其它可用選項和默認參數設置可以使用mysqlimport -help查詢
2、用法示例：
例1：基本用法
mysql> create table classes3 like classes;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
[root@www tmp]# mysqlimport -u root --localhellodb classes3.sql --fields-terminated-by="|"
hellodb.classes3: Records: 10 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from classes3;
+---------+----------------+----------+
| ClassID | Class | NumOfStu |
+---------+----------------+----------+
| 1 | Shaolin Pai | 10 |
| 2 | Emei Pai | 7 |
| 3 | QingCheng Pai | 11 |
| 4 | Wudang Pai | 12 |
| 5 | Riyue Shenjiao | 31 |
| 6 | Lianshan Pai | 27 |
| 7 | Ming Jiao | 27 |
| 8 | Xiaoyao Pai | 15 |
| 9 | HuaShan Pai | 32 |
| 10 | Fuwei Biaoju | 19 |
+---------+----------------+----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
例2：指定–local選項，可以從本機任意路徑導入數據
mysql> create table classes2 likeclasses;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec):
[root@www tmp]# cp classes2.sql /tmp
[root@www tmp]# mysqlimport -u root --localhellodb /tmp/classes2.sql
hellodb.classes2: Records: 10 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from classes2;
+---------+----------------+----------+
| ClassID | Class | NumOfStu |
+---------+----------------+----------+
| 1 | Shaolin Pai | 10 |
| 2 | Emei Pai | 7 |
| 3 | QingCheng Pai | 11 |
| 4 | Wudang Pai | 12 |
| 5 | Riyue Shenjiao | 31 |
| 6 | Lianshan Pai | 27 |
| 7 | Ming Jiao | 27 |
| 8 | Xiaoyao Pai | 15 |
| 9 | HuaShan Pai | 32 |
| 10 | Fuwei Biaoju | 19 |
+---------+----------------+----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
例3：未指定–local選項，無法從my.cnf中定義的其它路徑中往表里導入數據
mysql> delete from classes2;
Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.01 sec)
[root@www ~]# head /tmp/classes2.sql -n 3
1 ShaolinPai 10
2 EmeiPai 7
3 QingChengPai 11
[root@www ~]# mysqlimport -u root hellodb/tmp/classes2.sql
mysqlimport: Error: 29, File '/tmp/classes2.sql'not found (Errcode: 13), when using table: classes2
例4：未指定–local選項，默認只從mysql數據存放路徑同名數據庫目錄下讀取文件導入表中，必須指定絕對路徑。
mysql> delete from students1;
Query OK, 27 rows affected (2.60 sec)
[root@www tmp]# sed 's/\t/\|/g'students.sql> students1.sql
[root@www tmp]# head -n 2 students1.sql
1|Shi Zhongyu|22|M|2|3
2|Shi Potian|22|M|1|7
[root@www tmp]# cd
[root@www ~]# mysqlimport -u mhauser-p888888 hellodb students1.sql --fields-terminated="|"
mysqlimport: Error: 13, Can't get stat of'/var/lib/mysql/hellodb/students1.sql' (Errcode: 2), when using table:students1
未設置–local選項時，默認只從mysql數據存放路徑同名數據庫目錄下讀取文件導入
[root@www ~]# mysqlimport -u mhauser-p888888 hellodb /var/lib/mysql/tmp/students1.sql--fields-terminated="|"
hellodb.students1: Records: 27 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
例5：數據庫存放表目錄下同名文件導入表中，只需指定文件名
mysql> delete from students1;
Query OK, 27 rows affected (0.47 sec)
[root@www ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/hellodb/
[root@www hellodb]# cp ../tmp/students1.sql.
將數據移到hellodb目錄下，成功導入數據
[root@www hellodb]# mysqlimport -u mhauser-p888888 hellodb students1.sql --fields-terminated="|"
hellodb.students1: Records: 27 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
--fields-terminated="|"：指定字段分隔符
mysql> select * from students1 limit5,3;
+-------+-----------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+-----------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M | 5 | NULL |
| 7 | Xi Ren | 19 | F | 3 | NULL |
| 8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F | 7 | NULL |
+-------+-----------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
例6：忽略前5行數據導入表中
[root@www tmp]# mysqlimport -u root --localhellodb classes2.sql --ignore-lines=5
hellodb.classes2: Records: 5 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
--ignore-lines=n：指定忽略前n行
mysql> select * from classes2;
+---------+--------------+----------+
| ClassID | Class | NumOfStu |
+---------+--------------+----------+
| 6 | Lianshan Pai | 27 |
| 7 | Ming Jiao | 27|
| 8 | Xiaoyao Pai | 15 |
| 9 | HuaShan Pai | 32 |
| 10 | Fuwei Biaoju | 19 |
+---------+--------------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
例7：往非空表中導入數據
[root@www hellodb]# >students1.sql
[root@www hellodb]# vim students1.sql
[root@www hellodb]# mysqlimport -u mhauser-p888888 hellodb students1.sql --fields-terminated="|"
hellodb.students1: Records: 6 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
[root@www hellodb]# more students1.sql
|Meng Qi D|17|M|2|3
|SuoLong|22|M|1|7
|Xiang Kesi|43|M|2|16
|KaiDuo|52|M|4|4
|JoBa|12|M|3|1
|Nami|18|F|4|1
[root@www hellodb]#
mysql> select * from students1 limit27,6;
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 28 | Meng Qi D | 17 | M | 2 | 3 |
| 29 | SuoLong | 22 | M | 1 | 7 |
| 30 | Xiang Kesi | 43 | M | 2 | 16 |
| 31 | KaiDuo | 52 | M | 4 | 4 |
| 32 | JoBa | 12 | M | 3 | 1 |
| 33 | Nami | 18 | F | 4 | 1 |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
6 rows in set (0.17 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from students1 ;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 33 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
數據會追加在表后
例8、遠程連接MySQL服務器導入特定字段
mysql> drop table students1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.89 sec)
mysql> create table students1 likestudents;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.57 sec)
[root@test mysql]# more /tmp/students1.sql
Meng Qi D|17|M
SuoLong|22|M
Xiang Kesi|43|M
KaiDuo|52|M
JoBa|12|M|
Nami|18|F|
Luo Bing|25|F
Wu Suopu|20|M
[root@test mysql]# mysqlimport -h192.168.88.131 -u mhauser -p888888 hellodb --local --fields-terminated-by='|' '/tmp/students1.sql'--columns='Name,Age,Gender'
hellodb.students1: Records: 8 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
--columns=’Name,Age,Gender’：指定導入那些字段
-h 192.168.88.131：指定遠程登錄主機名
mysql> select * from students1;
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Meng Qi D | 17 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | SuoLong | 22 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 3 | Xiang Kesi | 43 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 4 | KaiDuo | 52 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 5 | JoBa | 12 | M | NULL | NULL |
| 6 | Nami | 18 | F | NULL | NULL |
| 7 | Luo Bing | 25 | F | NULL | NULL |
| 8 | Wu Suopu | 20 | M | NULL | NULL |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
例9、遠程連接MySQL服務器導入特定字段，采用壓縮傳遞數據的形式
mysql> drop table students1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.75 sec)
mysql> create table students1 likestudents;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.66 sec)
[root@test mysql]# mysqlimport -h192.168.88.131 -u mhauser -p888888 hellodb --local -C --fields-terminated-by='|' '/tmp/students1.sql'--columns='Name,ClassID,Gender'
hellodb.students1: Records: 8 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
-C：指定壓縮方式傳遞數據
mysql> select * from students1;
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID | Name | Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| 1 | Meng Qi D | 0 | M | 17 | NULL |
| 2 | SuoLong | 0 | M | 22 | NULL |
| 3 | Xiang Kesi | 0 | M | 43 | NULL |
| 4 | KaiDuo | 0 | M | 52 | NULL |
| 5 | JoBa | 0 | M | 12 | NULL |
| 6 | Nami | 0 | F | 18 | NULL |
| 7 | Luo Bing | 0 | F | 25 | NULL |
| 8 | Wu Suopu | 0 | M | 20 | NULL |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
https://www.cnblogs.com/shamo89/tag/mysql/default.html
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