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計算機安全案例分析.ppt35頁

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Computer English II Unit 13 Computer Security Content Threats to Computer Security Measures to Protect Computer Security I. Threats to Computer Security Threats to computer security are computer crimes (including virus and electronic break-ins) and natural and other hazards. 1. Computer Criminals A computer crime is an illegal action in which the perpetrator uses special knowledge of computer technology. Computer criminals are of four types: I. 1.Computer Criminals (1)Employees The largest category of computer criminals consists of those with the easiest access to computers —— namely, employees. Sometimes the employee is simple trying to steal something from the employer —— equipment, software, electronic funds, proprietary information, or computer time. Sometimes the employee may be acting out of resentment and is trying to “get back” at the company. I. 1.Computer Criminals (2)Outside Users Not only employees but also some suppliers or clients may have access to a company’s computer system. Examples are bank customers who use an automatic teller machine. Like employees, these authorized users may obtain confidential passwords or find other ways of committing computer crimes. I. 1.Computer Criminals “Hackers” and “Crackers” Some people think of these two groups as being the same, but they are not. Hackers are people who gain unauthorized access to a computer system for the fun and challenge of it. Crackers do the same thing but for malicious purposes. They may intend to steal technical information or to introduce what they call a “bomb” —— a destructive computer program —— into the system. I. 1.Computer Criminals (4)Organized Crime Organized crime has discovered that computers can be used just like legitimate business people use them, but for illegal purposes. For example, computers are useful for keeping track of stolen goods or illegal gambling deb

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