前言

為了提高用戶登陸的安全性，公司準備整理一份相對安全的登陸模式。

想法

主流加密算法

主流加密算法

• （一）對稱加密AES ,其特點是：算法簡單，加密速度快；

• （二）非對稱加密方式，代表是RSA加密算法，其特點–采用的一對秘鑰機制（即加解密秘鑰不同），公鑰加密、私鑰解密，管理簡單，缺點是解密速度慢。

  最終方式

  具體過程是先由接收方創建RSA密鑰對，接收方通過Internet發送RSA公鑰到發送方，同時保存RSA私鑰。而發送方創建AES密鑰。并用該 AES密鑰加密待傳送的明文數據，同時用接受的RSA公鑰加密AES密鑰，最后把用RSA公鑰加密后的AES密鑰同密文一起通過Internet傳輸發送 到接收方。當接收方收到這個被加密的AES密鑰和密文后，首先調用接收方保存的RSA私鑰，并用該私鑰解密加密的AES密鑰，得到AES密鑰。最后用該 AES密鑰解密密文得到明文。

基本流程

請求：

服務器端(server)生成密鑰對

server給client自己的公鑰

client生成AES密鑰(aesKey)

client使用自己的RSA私鑰(privateKey)對請求明文數據(params)進行數字簽名

將簽名加入到請求參數中，然后轉換為json格式

client使用aesKey對json數據進行加密得到密文(data)

client使用sever的RSA公鑰對aesKey進行加密(encryptkey)

分別將data和encryptkey作為參數傳輸給服務器端

服務器端進行請求響應時將上面流程反過來即可

使用

安裝crypto-js

npm install crypto-js npm install jsencrypt

AES加密工具類

import CryptoJS from 'crypto-js' import { JSEncrypt } from 'jsencrypt' /*** 創建密鑰* @returns AES密鑰*/ export function createAesKey() {const expect = 16let str = Math.random().toString(36).substr(2)while (str.length < expect) {str += Math.random().toString(36).substr(2)}str = str.substr(0, 16)return str } /*** AES加密* @param {*} word 加密字段* @param {*} keyStr AES密鑰* @returns */ export function AESencrypt(word, keyStr) {keyStr = keyStr ? keyStr : 'abcdefgabcdefg12';var key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(keyStr); //Latin1 w8m31+Yy/Nw6thPsMpO5fg==var srcs = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(word);var encrypted = CryptoJS.DES.encrypt(srcs, key, {mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7});return encrypted.ciphertext.toString(); } /*** RSA加密算法* @param {*} pas * @returns */ export function RSAencrypt(pas,publickey) {let jse = new JSEncrypt();jse.setPublicKey(publickey);return jse.encrypt(pas)}

服務端
RSA工具類

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;import javax.crypto.Cipher; import java.security.*; import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException; import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec; import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map;public class RSAUtil {public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) {return Base64.decodeBase64(key);}public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] bytes) {return Base64.encodeBase64String(bytes);}/*** 用私鑰對信息生成數字簽名** @param data 加密數據* @param privateKey 私鑰* @return* @throws Exception*/public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {// 解密由base64編碼的私鑰byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);// 構造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec對象PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);// 取私鑰匙對象PrivateKey priKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);// 用私鑰對信息生成數字簽名Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);signature.initSign(priKey);signature.update(data);return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());}public static PrivateKey strToPrivateKey(String privateKey) throws Exception {// 解密由base64編碼的私鑰byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);// 構造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec對象PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);// 取私鑰匙對象return keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);}/*** 校驗數字簽名** @param data 加密數據* @param publicKey 公鑰* @param sign 數字簽名* @return 校驗成功返回true 失敗返回false* @throws Exception*/public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)throws Exception {// 解密由base64編碼的公鑰byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);// 構造X509EncodedKeySpec對象X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);// KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);// 取公鑰匙對象PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);signature.initVerify(pubKey);signature.update(data);// 驗證簽名是否正常return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));}public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception{// 對密鑰解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得私鑰PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);// 對數據解密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/*** 解密<br>* 用私鑰解密** @param data* @param key* @return* @throws Exception*/public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(String data, String key)throws Exception {return decryptByPrivateKey(decryptBASE64(data),key);}/*** 解密<br>* 用公鑰解密** @param data* @param key* @return* @throws Exception*/public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key)throws Exception {// 對密鑰解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得公鑰X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);// 對數據解密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/*** 加密<br>* 用公鑰加密** @param data* @param key* @return* @throws Exception*/public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(String data, String key)throws Exception {// 對公鑰解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得公鑰X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);// 對數據加密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);return cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes());}/*** 加密<br>* 用私鑰加密** @param data* @param key* @return* @throws Exception*/public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key)throws Exception {// 對密鑰解密byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);// 取得私鑰PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);// 對數據加密Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);return cipher.doFinal(data);}/*** 取得私鑰** @param keyMap* @return* @throws Exception*/public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Key> keyMap)throws Exception {Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());}/*** 取得公鑰** @param keyMap* @return* @throws Exception*/public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Key> keyMap)throws Exception {Key key = keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());}/*** 初始化密鑰** @return* @throws Exception*/public static Map<String, Key> initKey() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);keyPairGen.initialize(1024);KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();Map<String, Key> keyMap = new HashMap(2);keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, keyPair.getPublic());// 公鑰keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, keyPair.getPrivate());// 私鑰return keyMap;} }

DES工具類

import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.SecretKey; import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory; import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec; import java.security.InvalidKeyException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException; import java.util.Locale;public class DESUtil {/*** DES解密算法* @param content 解密字段* @param key 解密密鑰* @return*/public static String decryptedDES(String content,String key) {try {Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, generateKey(key));byte[] buf = cipher.doFinal(hexStr2Bytes(content));return new String(buf, "utf-8");} catch (Throwable e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}private static SecretKey generateKey(String secretKey)throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, InvalidKeyException {SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES");DESKeySpec keySpec = new DESKeySpec(secretKey.getBytes());keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);return keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);}public static byte[] hexStr2Bytes(String src) {src = src.trim().replace(" ", "").toUpperCase(Locale.US);int m = 0, n = 0;int iLen = src.length() / 2;byte[] ret = new byte[iLen];for (int i = 0; i < iLen; i++) {m = i * 2 + 1;n = m + 1;ret[i] = (byte) (Integer.decode("0x" + src.substring(i * 2, m) + src.substring(m, n)) & 0xFF);}return ret;} }

解密算法
前端入參
encryptedWords DES加密后的報文
encryptedKey RSA算法加密過的DES密鑰

import com.bull3d.core.tool.utils.RedisUtil; import com.bull3d.system.user.cache.CacheNames; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** @Author: zhangshl* @Date: 2021/4/10 17:21* @Modify: linyuchi* 重新編寫解密算法。 2021/04/26*/ @Component @AllArgsConstructor public class DecryptUtil {private RedisUtil redisUtil;public String decrypt(String encryptedWords, String encryptedKey){// 解密aes密鑰String privateKey = String.valueOf(redisUtil.get(CacheNames.SRA_KRY_PRIVATE));if (null == privateKey){return "";}try {String decrypt = new String(RSAUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(encryptedKey,privateKey));return DESUtil.decryptedDES(encryptedWords,decrypt);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return "";}} }

前端獲取RSA密鑰，我其實在服務端設計密鑰對放在redis服務器中。過期時間為1天，如果過期則從新生成。

/*** 獲取RSA秘鑰*/@ApiOperation(value = "獲取RSA秘鑰")@GetMapping("/auth/rsa-key")public R<String> rsaKey(){String key = authService.getRsaKey();return R.data(key);} 創作挑戰賽新人創作獎勵來咯，堅持創作打卡瓜分現金大獎

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