有位文豪說(shuō)得好：“看一個(gè)作家的水平，不是看他發(fā)表了多少文字，而要看他的廢紙簍里扔掉了多少。” 我覺(jué)得同樣的理論適用于編程。好的程序員，他們刪掉的代碼，比留下來(lái)的還要多很多。如果你看見(jiàn)一個(gè)人寫了很多代碼，卻沒(méi)有刪掉多少，那他的代碼一定有很多垃圾。 ----摘自《編程的智慧》

今天在OpenHatch上找到一個(gè)涉及到幾個(gè)Python知識(shí)點(diǎn)的小項(xiàng)目，需求是編寫一個(gè)帶評(píng)分功能的英文填字圖版游戲。

詳細(xì)需求:

practice breaking down a problem and solving it in Python from scratch

practice command line argument parsing

practice reading from files

practice working with dictionaries and for loops

涉及到的Python知識(shí)點(diǎn):

1.文件操作

2.argparse庫(kù)的使用(個(gè)人選擇,用sys.argv效果類似)

3.collections中Counter類的高級(jí)應(yīng)用

4.列表解析的應(yīng)用

5.其他若干小的函數(shù)應(yīng)用

首次編碼:

#!/usr/bin/env python

from __future__ import print_function

import argparse

SCORES = {"a":1,"c":3,"b":3,"e":1,"d":2,"g":2,"f":4,"i":1,

"h":4,"k":5,"j":8,"m":3,"l":1,"o":1,"n":1,"q":10,"p":3,

"s":1,"r":1,"u":1,"t":1,"w":4,"v":4,"y":4,"x":8,"z":10}

def get_sowpod():

word_list = []

with open('/Users/gaoxing/Desktop/sowpods.txt')as f:

for line in f:

word_list.append(line.strip().lower())

return word_list

def argparse_arg():

argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

argparser.add_argument('args')

res_arg = argparser.parse_args()

return vars(res_arg)

def arg_proc():

arg_dict = argparse_arg()

arg_list = []

for w in(arg_dict.values()[0]):

if w not in arg_list:

arg_list.append(w)

return arg_list

def scrab():

word_list = get_sowpod()

source_list = arg_proc()

target_list = []

for line in word_list:

tmp_list = []

for word in line:

if word not in tmp_list:

tmp_list.append(word)

if set(tmp_list).issubset(set(source_list)):

target_list.append(line)

return target_list

def get_score(words):

dict_score = {}

for word in words:

dict_score[word] = sum(SCORES[c] for c in word)

return dict_score

def sort_dict(d):

dict1 = sorted(zip(d.values(), d.keys()), reverse=True)

for key, val in dict1:

print(key,',',val)

if __name__ == '__main__':

d = get_score(scrab())

print(sort_dict(d))

效果圖:

運(yùn)行效果

開(kāi)始代碼重構(gòu)：

存在的問(wèn)題:

1.函數(shù)概念不突出，沒(méi)有main函數(shù)，很多情況都是直接用一個(gè)函數(shù)調(diào)用另一個(gè)函數(shù)，沒(méi)有輸入?yún)?shù)

2.對(duì)此腳本輸入大寫參數(shù)如 ZAEFIEE時(shí)，程序無(wú)任何輸出結(jié)果

3.不輸入?yún)?shù)時(shí)，得不到需求要求的效果圖，

需求：

要求效果圖

本腳本：

我的效果圖

4.函數(shù)scrab()過(guò)于復(fù)雜

進(jìn)行修改:

修改內(nèi)容:

1.把a(bǔ)rgparse_arg()函數(shù)和 arg_proc()合并，并改名為get_user();

2.增加main函數(shù)，分別接受用戶輸入，構(gòu)建核對(duì)列表，調(diào)用scrab()函數(shù)并進(jìn)行評(píng)分和排序；

3.對(duì)于問(wèn)題4, collections庫(kù)中有個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)器叫做Counter,可以進(jìn)行加減法運(yùn)算，直接運(yùn)用這個(gè)類和列表解析式來(lái)代替多個(gè)for循環(huán)和復(fù)雜的if判斷

4.修改大寫參數(shù)無(wú)輸出結(jié)果問(wèn)題

5.若干細(xì)節(jié)修改

修改后的代碼:

#!/usr/bin/env python

from __future__ import print_function

import argparse

from collections import Counter

SCORES = {"a": 1, "c": 3, "b": 3, "e": 1, "d": 2, "g": 2,

"f": 4, "i": 1, "h": 4, "k": 5, "j": 8, "m": 3,

"l": 1, "o": 1, "n": 1, "q": 10, "p": 3, "s": 1,

"r": 1, "u": 1, "t": 1, "w": 4, "v": 4, "y": 4,

"x": 8, "z": 10}

def get_sowpod():

word_list = []

with open('/Users/gaoxing/Desktop/sowpods.txt') as f:

for line in f:

word_list.append(line.strip())

return word_list

def get_user():

argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

argparser.add_argument('[RACK]')

res_arg = argparser.parse_args()

arg_dict = vars(res_arg)

return arg_dict.values()[0]

def scrab_plus(source, target):

source_counter = Counter(target)

return [ word.lower() for word in source if not (Counter(word) - source_counter) ]

def get_score(words):

dict_score = {}

for word in words:

dict_score[word] = sum(SCORES[c] for c in word)

return dict_score

def sort_dict(d):

dict1 = sorted(zip(d.values(), d.keys()), reverse=True)

for key, val in dict1:

print(key, ',', val)

def main():

sowpod_list = get_sowpod()

user_list = get_user()

target_list = scrab_plus(sowpod_list, user_list.upper())

sort_dict(get_score(target_list))

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

運(yùn)行效果圖:

新的運(yùn)行效果

歡迎各位指出這個(gè)腳本可以再改進(jìn)的地方！

若需轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)聯(lián)系本人！

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