“百錢買百雞”是一個很有歷史的問題了，大意就是：小雞半文一只，母雞一文一只，公雞二文一只，現有一百文錢，剛好買了一百只雞，請問小雞、母雞與公雞各有多少只？

如果假設小雞、母雞和公雞各有a,b,c，那么同時滿足以下兩個條件的均可以符合題意:

a + b +c =100

0.5a + 1b + 2*c = 100

顯然不止一組解，可以用Python進行窮舉，代碼如下：

for i in range(1, 101):

for j in range(1, 101-i):

for m in range(1, 101-i -j):

if i * 0.5+j*1 + m *2 == 100 and i + j + m == 100:

print("chicken(s):{}, hen(s):{}, rooster(s):{}.".format(i, j, m))

測試運行的結果是：

chicken(s):2, hen(s):97, rooster(s):1.

chicken(s):4, hen(s):94, rooster(s):2.

chicken(s):6, hen(s):91, rooster(s):3.

chicken(s):8, hen(s):88, rooster(s):4.

chicken(s):10, hen(s):85, rooster(s):5.

chicken(s):12, hen(s):82, rooster(s):6.

chicken(s):14, hen(s):79, rooster(s):7.

chicken(s):16, hen(s):76, rooster(s):8.

chicken(s):18, hen(s):73, rooster(s):9.

chicken(s):20, hen(s):70, rooster(s):10.

chicken(s):22, hen(s):67, rooster(s):11.

chicken(s):24, hen(s):64, rooster(s):12.

chicken(s):26, hen(s):61, rooster(s):13.

chicken(s):28, hen(s):58, rooster(s):14.

chicken(s):30, hen(s):55, rooster(s):15.

chicken(s):32, hen(s):52, rooster(s):16.

chicken(s):34, hen(s):49, rooster(s):17.

chicken(s):36, hen(s):46, rooster(s):18.

chicken(s):38, hen(s):43, rooster(s):19.

chicken(s):40, hen(s):40, rooster(s):20.

chicken(s):42, hen(s):37, rooster(s):21.

chicken(s):44, hen(s):34, rooster(s):22.

chicken(s):46, hen(s):31, rooster(s):23.

chicken(s):48, hen(s):28, rooster(s):24.

chicken(s):50, hen(s):25, rooster(s):25.

chicken(s):52, hen(s):22, rooster(s):26.

chicken(s):54, hen(s):19, rooster(s):27.

chicken(s):56, hen(s):16, rooster(s):28.

chicken(s):58, hen(s):13, rooster(s):29.

chicken(s):60, hen(s):10, rooster(s):30.

chicken(s):62, hen(s):7, rooster(s):31.

chicken(s):64, hen(s):4, rooster(s):32.

chicken(s):66, hen(s):1, rooster(s):33.

總的來說，這是一個中小學生都適宜的好問題情境，對于小學生可以用來培養數學思維，比如小雞不可能是單數，比如小雞與公雞的平均價格應該是一文一只。而對于中學生而言則可以用來鍛煉程序思維。

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