1.識別分區(qū)和硬盤

在 /dev/ 目錄下找到新的硬盤，sda 為本地硬盤，sda1、sda2.. 為分區(qū)，sdb 就是新添加的硬盤，如:

[root@wusuyuan ~]# ls -ltr /dev/sd* brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 11月 14 14:12 /dev/sda brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 3 11月 14 14:12 /dev/sda3 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 11月 14 14:12 /dev/sda2 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 11月 14 14:12 /dev/sda1 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 11月 14 14:12 /dev/sdb

學(xué)習(xí)的機器為虛擬機，與真實的物理機器略有不同，真實的物理機器根據(jù)硬盤接口類型(IDE、SATA、SCSI、光纖通道和SAS)可能為hda、sda或其它的名稱。

2.新硬盤分區(qū)

使用管理員權(quán)限對新的硬盤 /dev/sdb 分區(qū):

[root@wusuyuan ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb ####進入分區(qū) Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb7ee5a9d. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): m #### 查詢幫助 Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n ####創(chuàng)建新的分區(qū) Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e ####選擇分區(qū)類型(擴展分區(qū)、主分區(qū)) Partition number (1-4): 1 ####分區(qū)數(shù)，這里分1個區(qū) First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): 2610 ####這里輸入分區(qū)大小，默認(rèn)單位為mb Command (m for help): p ####查看分區(qū)表信息 Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x35b64cad Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2610 2610 8032+ 5 Extended Command (m for help): w ####寫入分區(qū)信息，如果未確定或想取消，輸入q退出 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

在寫入分區(qū)信息時要仔細(xì)核對和確認(rèn)，寫入分區(qū)信息后不可再更改。 分區(qū)完成后，新的硬盤還是不能使用的，需要進行格式化。

3.使用mkfs進行格式化硬盤分區(qū)

[sywu@wusuyuan ~]$ mkfs Usage: mkfs [-V] [-t fstype] [fs-options] device [size] #-t 格式化分區(qū)類型,如 ext3、ext4 [root@wusuyuan ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb #對分區(qū)進行格式化，類型為ext4 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) /dev/sdb is entire device, not just one partition! 無論如何也要繼續(xù)? (y,n) y 文件系統(tǒng)標(biāo)簽= 操作系統(tǒng):Linux 塊大小=4096 (log=2) 分塊大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 1310720 inodes, 5242880 blocks 262144 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一個數(shù)據(jù)塊=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 160 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000 正在寫入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

分區(qū)格式化完成后使用mount 命令裝載新的分區(qū):

[root@wusuyuan ~]# mount /dev/sdb /disk2 #裝載分區(qū) [root@wusuyuan ~]# df -h #查詢分區(qū) 文件系統(tǒng) 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 掛載點 /dev/sda2 97G 9.9G 82G 11% / tmpfs 1.9G 200M 1.7G 11% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 52M 133M 28% /boot /dev/sdb 20G 1.9G 17G 11% /disk2

4.配置新的分區(qū)自動裝載

在/etc/fstab 中配置分區(qū)自動裝載 [root@wusuyuan ~]# vim /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Sun Jan 5 08:17:56 2014 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=9c738ca5-810a-46ec-b896-57fc8286b2a5 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=05b44d26-bd3a-4688-81e1-c83da70512a7 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=7146f132-f77b-4a17-8686-d7c9c9be10ad swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sdb /disk2 ext4 defaults 1 2 #加入新的分區(qū)信息

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lanston/p/4097408.html

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