Unity資源目錄

當(dāng)用Unity創(chuàng)建一個(gè)工程的時(shí)候，目錄如下：

Assets：存放Unity工程實(shí)際的資源目錄。
Library：存放Unity處理完畢的資源，由unity自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化生成。
Log：存放日志文件。
Packages：統(tǒng)一管理各種packages組件，使用PackageManager進(jìn)行管理。
ProjectSettings：存放Unity的各種項(xiàng)目設(shè)定。

當(dāng)進(jìn)行項(xiàng)目遷移時(shí)，只需要將Assets、Packages以及ProjectSettings三個(gè)目錄拷貝即可。

Unity提供了Resource加載和AssetBundle加載兩種方式

引用這篇文章的內(nèi)容 Unity資源管理（二）-Resources文件夾

強(qiáng)烈不建議使用Resources系統(tǒng)，原因如下：
使用Resources文件夾將會(huì)使細(xì)粒度的內(nèi)存管理變得更難
對Resources文件夾的不恰當(dāng)使用會(huì)導(dǎo)致應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)架和啟動(dòng)時(shí)間變長
隨著Resources文件夾數(shù)量的增加，在這些文件夾中管理Asset將會(huì)變得越來越難
使用Resources系統(tǒng)會(huì)降低項(xiàng)目向不同平臺(tái)提供定制內(nèi)容的能立，并且導(dǎo)致項(xiàng)目無法進(jìn)行增量內(nèi)容更新

AssetBundle學(xué)習(xí)

AssetBundle 官方API文檔

AssetBundles的壓縮方式：LZMA、LZ4、不壓縮

1. 加載AssetBundles

AssetBundle.LoadFromMemory(Async optional) // 不推薦，此API會(huì)消耗兩倍于AB大小的內(nèi)存 AssetBundle.LoadFromFile(Async optional) // 推薦使用 UnityWebRequest.GetAssetBundle // 在Unity 5.2及更早版本中使用 WWW.LoadFromCacheOrDownload

2. 從AssetBundles中加載Assets

LoadAsset(LoadAssetAsync) // 加載單個(gè)或者少量時(shí)使用 LoadAllAssets(LoadAllAssetsAsync) // 加載多數(shù)或者所有Assets時(shí)使用 LoadAssetWithSubAssets(LoadAssetWithSubAssetsAsync)

3. 構(gòu)建AssetBundls管線

BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundles

4. 卸載不使用的AssetBundls

AssetBundle.unload(true) // false會(huì)有引用丟失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

tips：開發(fā)一個(gè)良好的分離下載系統(tǒng)是至關(guān)重要的

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自動(dòng)打包至指定文件夾

• 自動(dòng)添加label

using UnityEngine; using UnityEditor; using System.IO;namespace ABFW {public class AutoSetLabels{[MenuItem("AssetBundleTools/Set AB Label")]public static void SetABLable(){// 清空標(biāo)記AssetDatabase.RemoveUnusedAssetBundleNames();// AB根目錄 調(diào)用文件ABPath.cs統(tǒng)一獲取路徑string strNeedSetlabelRoot = ABPath.GetABResourcesPath();// 通過根路徑獲取目錄DirectoryInfo dirTempInfo = new DirectoryInfo(strNeedSetlabelRoot);DirectoryInfo[] dirSceneDirArray = dirTempInfo.GetDirectories();// 遍歷所有路徑foreach (DirectoryInfo currentDIR in dirSceneDirArray){Debug.Log("輸出目錄所有" + currentDIR);string tmpScenesDIR = strNeedSetlabelRoot + "/" + currentDIR.Name;int tmpIndex = tmpScenesDIR.LastIndexOf("/");string tmpScenesName = tmpScenesDIR.Substring(tmpIndex + 1);JudgeDIRorFileByRecursive(currentDIR, tmpScenesName);}// 刷新列表AssetDatabase.Refresh();Debug.Log("-----------------AB初始化完成--------------------");}/// <summary>/// 遞歸判斷是否為目錄/文件，修改AssetBundle/// </summary>/// <param name="fileSysInfo">目錄信息</param>/// <param name="scenesName">場景名稱</param>private static void JudgeDIRorFileByRecursive(FileSystemInfo fileSysInfo, string scenesName){if (!fileSysInfo.Exists){Debug.Log("文件或者目錄名稱：" + fileSysInfo + "不存在，請檢查");return;}DirectoryInfo dirInfoObj = fileSysInfo as DirectoryInfo;FileSystemInfo[] fileSysArray = dirInfoObj.GetFileSystemInfos();// 遍歷文件 設(shè)置標(biāo)簽foreach (FileSystemInfo fileInfo in fileSysArray){FileInfo fileInfoObj = fileInfo as FileInfo;if (fileInfoObj != null){// 文件類型 設(shè)置lableSetFilesABLabel(fileInfoObj, scenesName);}else{// 目錄文件 遞歸JudgeDIRorFileByRecursive(fileInfo, scenesName);}}}/// <summary>/// 設(shè)置AB標(biāo)簽/// </summary>/// <param name="fileInfoObj">文件信息</param>/// <param name="scenesName">場景名稱</param>private static void SetFilesABLabel(FileInfo fileInfoObj, string scenesName){if (fileInfoObj.Extension == ".meta") return;// AB名string strABName = GetABName(fileInfoObj, scenesName);// 獲取文件的相對路徑，從Assets/開始int tmpIndex = fileInfoObj.FullName.IndexOf("Assets");string strAssetFilepath = fileInfoObj.FullName.Substring(tmpIndex);AssetImporter tmpImporterObj = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(strAssetFilepath);// 設(shè)置AB名tmpImporterObj.assetBundleName = strABName;// 根據(jù)拓展名設(shè)置AB后綴if (fileInfoObj.Extension == ".unity"){tmpImporterObj.assetBundleVariant = "u3d";} else{tmpImporterObj.assetBundleVariant = "ab";}}/// <summary>/// 獲取AB包的名稱/// </summary>/// <param name="fileInfoObj"></param>/// <param name="scenesName"></param>/// <returns></returns>private static string GetABName(FileInfo fileInfoObj, string scenesName){string tmpWinPath = fileInfoObj.FullName;string tmpUnityPath = tmpWinPath.Replace("\\", "/");// 場景名稱后面的字符數(shù)int tmpSceneNameposition = tmpUnityPath.IndexOf(scenesName) + scenesName.Length;// 拓展名區(qū)域string strABFileNameArea = tmpUnityPath.Substring(tmpSceneNameposition + 1);string strABName;if (strABFileNameArea.Contains("/")){string[] tmpStrArray = strABFileNameArea.Split('/');strABName = scenesName + "/" + tmpStrArray[0];}else{strABName = scenesName + "/" + scenesName;}return strABName;}} }

• 根據(jù)label進(jìn)行打包

using System.IO; using UnityEditor; using UnityEngine;namespace ABFW {public class BuildAssetsBundle{[MenuItem("AssetBundleTools/Build All AB")]public static void BuildAllAB(){// 創(chuàng)建目錄string strABOutPathDIR = ABPath.GetABOutPath();if (!Directory.Exists(strABOutPathDIR)){Directory.CreateDirectory(strABOutPathDIR);}// 調(diào)用內(nèi)置API打包BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundles(strABOutPathDIR, BuildAssetBundleOptions.None, BuildTarget.StandaloneOSX);}}}

• 刪除所有的AB包

using System.IO; using UnityEditor; using UnityEngine;namespace ABFW {public class DeleteAssetsBundle : MonoBehaviour{[MenuItem("AssetBundleTools/Delete All AB")]public static void DeleteAllBundle(){string strNeedDeleteDIR = ABPath.GetABOutPath();if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strNeedDeleteDIR)){Directory.Delete(strNeedDeleteDIR, true);File.Delete(strNeedDeleteDIR + ".meta ");AssetDatabase.Refresh();} else{Debug.LogError("無可刪除的AB文件");}}} }

生成MD5校驗(yàn)文件

using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; using UnityEditor; using System.IO; using ABFW;namespace HotUpdateModel {public class CreateVerifyFiles{[MenuItem("AssetBundleTools/Create Verify Files")]public static void CreateFileMethod(){string abOutPath = ABPath.GetABOutPath();string verifyOutPath = abOutPath + "/ProjectVerifyFile.txt";List<string> fileList = new List<string>();if (File.Exists(verifyOutPath)){File.Delete(verifyOutPath);}ListFiles(new DirectoryInfo(abOutPath), ref fileList);WriteVerifyFile(verifyOutPath, fileList);}private static void ListFiles(FileSystemInfo fileSystemInfo, ref List<string> fileList){DirectoryInfo dirInfo = fileSystemInfo as DirectoryInfo;FileSystemInfo[] fileSysInfo = dirInfo.GetFileSystemInfos();foreach (FileSystemInfo item in fileSysInfo){FileInfo fileInfo = item as FileInfo;if (fileInfo != null){// 文件類型string strFileFullName = fileInfo.FullName.Replace("\\", "/");string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(strFileFullName);if (fileExt.EndsWith(".meta") || fileExt.EndsWith(".bak")){continue;}fileList.Add(strFileFullName);}else{// 目錄類型，繼續(xù)遞歸ListFiles(item, ref fileList);}}}/// <summary>/// 把文件名稱+對應(yīng)的MD5寫入文件/// </summary>/// <param name="verifyFileOutPath">驗(yàn)證文件的路徑</param>/// <param name="fileLists">所有合法文件的相對路徑集合</param>private static void WriteVerifyFile(string verifyFileOutPath, List<string> fileLists){Debug.Log("verifyFileOutPath" + verifyFileOutPath);using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(verifyFileOutPath, FileMode.CreateNew)){using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs)){for (int i = 0; i < fileLists.Count; i++){string strFile = fileLists[i];string strFileMD5 = Helps.GetMD5Value(strFile);string strTrueFileName = strFile.Replace(ABPath.GetABOutPath() + "/", string.Empty);sw.WriteLine(strTrueFileName + "|" + strFileMD5);}}}AssetDatabase.Refresh();}} }

拷貝Lua腳本至指定文件夾

using UnityEngine; using UnityEditor; using System.IO; using ABFW;public class CopyLuaFileToStreamAssets {private static string _LuaIRPath = Application.dataPath + "/" + ABPath.LUA_RESOURCE_PATH;private static string _CopyTargetIR = ABPath.GetABOutPath() + "/" + ABPath.LUA_DEPLOY_PATH;[MenuItem("AssetBundleTools/Copy LuaFile To StreamAssets")]public static void CopyLuaTo(){DirectoryInfo dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(_LuaIRPath);FileInfo[] files = dirInfo.GetFiles();if (!Directory.Exists(_CopyTargetIR)){Directory.CreateDirectory(_CopyTargetIR);}// 逐個(gè)拷貝foreach (FileInfo infoObj in files){File.Copy(infoObj.FullName, _CopyTargetIR + "/" + infoObj.Name, true);}Debug.Log("---------拷貝完成，Lua文件已拷貝至發(fā)布區(qū)--------");AssetDatabase.Refresh();} }

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