“Imperceptible,Robust,and Targeted Adversaria lExamples for Automatic Speech Recognition”
背景:
1、對抗樣本大多用于圖像領域;
2、目前用于音頻的對抗樣本有兩個缺點:
(1)容易被人類察覺
改進方法:頻率掩蔽。通過使用另外一種充當“掩蔽器”的信號對對抗性樣本進行掩護
(2) 在空氣中傳播時不太起作用
改進方法:
攻擊原理:
Given an input audio waveform x(輸入音頻)
a target transcription y (目標轉化結果)
an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system f(·) (語音識別系統)
a small perturbation δ
objective is to construct an imperceptible and targeted adversarial example x0→ x0 = x + δ 通常通過執行梯度下降( gradient descent)來生成對抗性示例
? Targeted: the classi?er is fooled so that f(x‘) = y and f(x) != y.
? Imperceptible: x0 sounds so similar to x that humans cannot differentiate x0 and x when listening to them.
? Robust: x0 is still effective when played by a speaker and recorded by a microphone in an over-the-air attack.
ASR MODEL
最先進的 Lingvo classi?er 。
THREAT MODEL
the white box threat model (白盒攻擊模型)
創新點:不需要知道攻擊目標的準確配置,而是了解其分布,以便對抗樣本對此類分布的攻擊目標都有效。
總結
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