python数据结构 树_python数据结构之二叉树的统计与转换实例
一、獲取二叉樹的深度
就是二叉樹最后的層次，如下圖：
實現(xiàn)代碼：
代碼如下:
def getheight(self):
”’ 獲取二叉樹深度 ”’
return self.__get_tree_height(self.root)
def __get_tree_height(self, root):
if root is 0:
return 0
if root.left is 0 and root.right is 0:
return 1
else:
left = self.__get_tree_height(root.left)
right = self.__get_tree_height(root.right)
if left right:
return right + 1
else:
return left + 1
二、葉子的統(tǒng)計
葉子就是二叉樹的節(jié)點的 left 指針和 right 指針分別指向空的節(jié)點
代碼如下:
def getleafcount(self):
”’ 獲取二叉樹葉子數(shù) ”’
return self.__count_leaf_node(self.root)
def __count_leaf_node(self, root):
res = 0
if root is 0:
return res
if root.left is 0 and root.right is 0:
res += 1
return res
if root.left is not 0:
res += self.__count_leaf_node(root.left)
if root.right is not 0:
res += self.__count_leaf_node(root.right)
return res
三、統(tǒng)計葉子的分支節(jié)點
與葉子節(jié)點相對的其他節(jié)點 left 和 right 的指針指向其他節(jié)點
代碼如下:
def getbranchcount(self):
”’ 獲取二叉樹分支節(jié)點數(shù) ”’
return self.__get_branch_node(self.root)
def __get_branch_node(self, root):
if root is 0:
return 0
if root.left is 0 and root.right is 0:
return 0
else:
return 1 + self.__get_branch_node(root.left) + self.__get_branch_node(root.right)
四、二叉樹左右樹互換
代碼如下:
def replacelem(self):
”’ 二叉樹所有結(jié)點的左右子樹相互交換 ”’
self.__replace_element(self.root)
def __replace_element(self, root):
if root is 0:
return
root.left, root.right = root.right, root.left
self.__replace_element(root.left)
self.__replace_element(root.right)
這些方法和操作，都是運用遞歸。其實二叉樹的定義也是一種遞歸。附上最后的完整代碼：
代碼如下:
# -*- coding: utf – 8 – *-
class TreeNode(object):
def __init__(self, left=0, right=0, data=0):
self.left = left
self.right = right
self.data = data
class BinaryTree(object):
def __init__(self, root=0):
self.root = root
def is_empty(self):
if self.root is 0:
return True
else:
return False
def create(self):
temp = input(‘enter a value:’)
if temp is ‘#’:
return 0
treenode = TreeNode(data=temp)
if self.root is 0:
self.root = treenode
treenode.left = self.create()
treenode.right = self.create()
def preorder(self, treenode):
‘前序（pre-order，NLR）遍歷’
if treenode is 0:
return
print treenode.data
self.preorder(treenode.left)
self.preorder(treenode.right)
def inorder(self, treenode):
‘中序（in-order，LNR’
if treenode is 0:
return
self.inorder(treenode.left)
print treenode.data
self.inorder(treenode.right)
def postorder(self, treenode):
‘后序（post-order，LRN）遍歷’
if treenode is 0:
return
self.postorder(treenode.left)
self.postorder(treenode.right)
print treenode.data
def preorders(self, treenode):
‘前序（pre-order，NLR）非遞歸遍歷’
stack = []
while treenode or stack:
if treenode is not 0:
print treenode.data
stack.append(treenode)
treenode = treenode.left
else:
treenode = stack.pop()
treenode = treenode.right
def inorders(self, treenode):
‘中序（in-order，LNR) 非遞歸遍歷’
stack = []
while treenode or stack:
if treenode:
stack.append(treenode)
treenode = treenode.left
else:
treenode = stack.pop()
print treenode.data
treenode = treenode.right
def postorders(self, treenode):
‘后序（post-order，LRN）非遞歸遍歷’
stack = []
pre = 0
while treenode or stack:
if treenode:
stack.append(treenode)
treenode = treenode.left
elif stack[-1].right != pre:
treenode = stack[-1].right
pre = 0
else:
pre = stack.pop()
print pre.data
# def postorders(self, treenode):
# ‘后序（post-order，LRN）非遞歸遍歷’
# stack = []
# queue = []
# queue.append(treenode)
# while queue:
# treenode = queue.pop()
# if treenode.left:
# queue.append(treenode.left)
# if treenode.right:
# queue.append(treenode.right)
# stack.append(treenode)
# while stack:
# print stack.pop().data
def levelorders(self, treenode):
‘層序（post-order，LRN）非遞歸遍歷’
from collections import deque
if not treenode:
return
q = deque([treenode])
while q:
treenode = q.popleft()
print treenode.data
if treenode.left:
q.append(treenode.left)
if treenode.right:
q.append(treenode.right)
def getheight(self):
”’ 獲取二叉樹深度 ”’
return self.__get_tree_height(self.root)
def __get_tree_height(self, root):
if root is 0:
return 0
if root.left is 0 and root.right is 0:
return 1
else:
left = self.__get_tree_height(root.left)
right = self.__get_tree_height(root.right)
if left right:
return right + 1
else:
return left + 1
def getleafcount(self):
”’ 獲取二叉樹葉子數(shù) ”’
return self.__count_leaf_node(self.root)
def __count_leaf_node(self, root):
res = 0
if root is 0:
return res
if root.left is 0 and root.right is 0:
res += 1
return res
if root.left is not 0:
res += self.__count_leaf_node(root.left)
if root.right is not 0:
res += self.__count_leaf_node(root.right)
return res
def getbranchcount(self):
”’ 獲取二叉樹分支節(jié)點數(shù) ”’
return self.__get_branch_node(self.root)
def __get_branch_node(self, root):
if root is 0:
return 0
if root.left is 0 and root.right is 0:
return 0
else:
return 1 + self.__get_branch_node(root.left) + self.__get_branch_node(root.right)
def replacelem(self):
”’ 二叉樹所有結(jié)點的左右子樹相互交換 ”’
self.__replace_element(self.root)
def __replace_element(self, root):
if root is 0:
return
root.left, root.right = root.right, root.left
self.__replace_element(root.left)
self.__replace_element(root.right)
node1 = TreeNode(data=1)
node2 = TreeNode(node1, 0, 2)
node3 = TreeNode(data=3)
node4 = TreeNode(data=4)
node5 = TreeNode(node3, node4, 5)
node6 = TreeNode(node2, node5, 6)
node7 = TreeNode(node6, 0, 7)
node8 = TreeNode(data=8)
root = TreeNode(node7, node8, ‘root’)
bt = BinaryTree(root)
print u”’
生成的二叉樹
————————
root
7 8
6
2 5
1 3 4
————————-
”’
總結(jié)
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