Linux?配置iso系統盤為本地yum源

(2014-11-19 09:34:39) 轉載▼

標簽： linux 配置 系統 yum源 iso

分類： 操作系統服務器

Linux配置iso系統盤為本地yum源

by:授客QQ：1033553122

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1、目的

安裝軟件時，經常會遇到包或類庫的依賴性問題，為此，我們可以通過yum命令安裝軟件，盡量避免出現繁瑣的軟件依賴關系。

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2、操作步驟

以CentOS-6.0-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso為例

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步驟1.掛載光盤

# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

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步驟2.配置.repo文件

# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

# ls

CentOS-Base.repo?CentOS-Debuginfo.repo?CentOS-Media.repo

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#新建local.repo文件，或者也可以對自帶的.repo文件進行編輯

# vi local.repo

#輸入以下內容后保存

[centos]?#庫名稱，可以自取

name=centos?#自定義名稱，可以自取

baseurl=file:///mnt #本地光盤的掛載點

gpgcheck=0 #檢查GPG-KEY,0：不檢查1：檢查

enabled=1?#啟用yum源，0：不啟用1：啟用

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注意：

如果設置gpgcheck=1,則必須配置gpgkey,形如以下

#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

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步驟3.清除yum緩存

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Cleaning up Everything

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步驟4.更新yum源

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum update

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Determining fastest mirrors

Could not retrieve mirrorlisthttp://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=x86_64&repo=oserror was

14: PYCURL ERROR 6 - ""

Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: base

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#說明：

此處出錯了，錯誤原因是自帶yum源中包含了錯誤中的url連接，而url需要訪問網絡，當無法訪問時就出現錯誤了，解決方法：把自帶repo都移到bak目錄，僅用自己創建的yum源

# mkdir bak

# ls

bak?CentOS-Base.repo?CentOS-Debuginfo.repo?CentOS-Media.repo? local.repo

# mv CentOS*.* bak

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然后重復步驟3&4

# yum clean all

# yum update

到此，已經配置好本地yum源了

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步驟5.其它操作

#查找單個軟件包，比如查找名稱中包含gcc的軟件包

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#安裝軟件包,比如gcc

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install gcc

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

...

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-71.el6 set to beupdated

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

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Dependencies Resolved

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===========================================================================Package??????????????????????????Arch?????????????????????Version?????????????????????????????Repository????????????????Size

===========================================================================

Installing:

?gcc??????????????????????????????x86_64???????????????????4.4.4-13.el6????????????????????????centos????????????????????10 M

Installing for dependencies:

?cloog-ppl????????????????????????x86_64???????????????????0.15.7-1.2.el6??????????????????????centos????????????????????93 k

...

Transaction Summary

===========================================================================

Install??????9 Package(s)

Upgrade??????0 Package(s)

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Total download size: 18 M

Installed size: 38 M

#此處輸入Y，回車，下載安裝

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????43 MB/s |?18 MB????00:00????

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

?Installing????: ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1/9

?Installing????: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????2/9

?Installing????: mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????3/9

?Installing????:cpp-4.4.4-13.el6.x86_64???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????4/9

...

Complete!

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#查找軟件組包，比如查找X桌面系統包

# yum grouplist | grep X

??Legacy X Window System compatibility

?? XWindow System

??Legacy UNIX compatibility

?? TeXsupport

??Xhosa Support

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#安裝組包

# yum groupinstall "X Window System"

...

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注意：組包包名含空格時，整個包名必須用雙引號

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好了，下次使用時，只需要再次加載關盤就可直接使用yum命令，無需再配置yum源

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