前言

該篇文章分享如何將Python Web服務融入到Spring Cloud微服務體系中，并調用其服務，Python Web框架用的是Flask

方案

Sidecar+ Flask，在這里，我們會使用Sidecar將Python接口注冊到SpringCloud中，將Python接口當作Java接口進行調用（通過SpringCloud去調用Sidecar，然后通過Sidecar去轉發我們的程序請求）

Sidecar是SpringCloud提供的一個可將第三方的rest接口集成到SpringCloud中的工具

Python服務

manage.py

import json

from flask import Flask, Response, request, make_response, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/health")

def health():

result = {'status': 'UP'}

return Response(json.dumps(result), mimetype='application/json')

@app.route("/getUser")

def getUser():

result = {'username': 'python', 'password': 'python'}

return Response(json.dumps(result), mimetype='application/json')

@app.errorhandler(404)

def not_found(error):

return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Not found'}), 404)

if __name__ == "__main__":

app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=3000)

大致說下上述代碼，Python服務監聽3000端口，health方法用于給Sidecar提供健康接口，用于實時向Sidecar提供自己的健康狀態，getUser是Python向外界提供的服務

運行方式

python manage.py runserver

sidecar-server工程

添加依賴

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-starter-eureka

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-netflix-sidecar

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-test

test

SidecarApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.sidecar.EnableSidecar;

@EnableSidecar

@SpringBootApplication

public class SidecarApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(SidecarApplication.class, args);

}

}

application.yml

spring:

profiles:

active: "dev"

application:

name: demo-sidecar

sidecar:

port: 3000

health-uri: http://localhost:${sidecar.port}/health

ribbon:

ConnectTimeout: 50000

ReadTimeout: 50000

hystrix:

command:

default:

execution:

isolation:

thread:

timeoutInMilliseconds: 10000

server:

port: 8326

eureka:

client:

healthcheck:

enabled: true

service-url:

defaultZone: http://${registry.host:localhost}:${registry.port:8761}/eureka/

registry:

host: localhost

port: 31091

大致說下上述代碼，main方法要使用@EnableSidecar注解，sidecar port代表監聽Python運行的端口，server port代表Sidecar運行的端口，spring application name代表Sidecar的服務名，sidecar health-uri是Python健康接口，指向python的健康服務

服務調用 - consumer-server工程

調用方式一 : RestTemplate

ConsumerApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringCloudApplication

public class ConsumerApplication {

@Bean

@LoadBalanced

RestTemplate restTemplate() {

return new RestTemplate();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);

}

}

application.yml

spring:

profiles:

active: "dev"

application:

name: consumer-server

server:

port: 8325

eureka:

client:

healthcheck:

enabled: true

service-url:

defaultZone: http://${registry.host:localhost}:${registry.port:8761}/eureka/

---

spring:

profiles: dev

registry:

host: localhost

port: 31091

RestTemplateController.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController

public class RestTemplateController {

@Autowired

private RestTemplate restTemplate;

@RequestMapping("/java-user")

public String JavaUser() {

return "{'username': 'java', 'password': 'java'}" ;

}

@RequestMapping("/python-user")

public String PythonUser() {

return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://sidecar-server/getUser", String.class).getBody();

// return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:3000/getUser", String.class).getBody();

}

}

這里做下說明，@LoadBalanced用于開啟負載均衡，在這里有兩種調用方式，使用和不使用@LoadBalanced

使用@LoadBalanced注解后，RestTemplate可以直接調用服務名

@Bean

@LoadBalanced

RestTemplate restTemplate() {

return new RestTemplate();

}

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://sidecar-server/getUser", String.class).getBody();

不使用@LoadBalanced注解，RestTemplate調用的就是固定的IP+PORT

@Bean

// @LoadBalanced

RestTemplate restTemplate() {

return new RestTemplate();

}

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:3000/getUser", String.class).getBody();

服務的啟動順序：Python服務，注冊中心，sidecar-server工程，consumer-server工程

運行結果

調用方式二: Feign

SidecarController.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.coisini.consumer.client.SidecarAPIClient;

@RestController

public class SidecarController {

private SidecarAPIClient sidecarAPIClient;

@Autowired

public SidecarController(SidecarAPIClient sidecarAPIClient) {

this.sidecarAPIClient = sidecarAPIClient;

}

@GetMapping("/getUser")

public Object getUser() {

return this.sidecarAPIClient.getUser();

}

}

SidecarAPIClient.java

import com.coisini.consumer.config.FeignConfigure;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

@FeignClient(name="sidecar-server", configuration = FeignConfigure.class)

public interface SidecarAPIClient {

@GetMapping("/getUser")

Object getUser();

}

FeignConfigure.java

import feign.Logger;

import feign.codec.Encoder;

import feign.form.spring.SpringFormEncoder;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConverters;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.support.SpringEncoder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration

@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = "com.coisini")

public class FeignConfigure {

@Bean

Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {

return Logger.Level.FULL;

}

@Autowired

private ObjectFactory messageConverters;

@Bean

public Encoder feignFormEncoder() {

return new SpringFormEncoder(new SpringEncoder(messageConverters));

}

}

服務的啟動順序：Python服務，注冊中心，sidecar-server工程，consumer-server工程

調用結果

至此，已完成微服務調用Python Web服務

Sidecar總結

Sidecar是一個用于監聽非JVM應用程序(可以是Python或者Node或者Php等等)的一個工具，通過Sidecar可以實現Java和第三方應用程序的雙向交互

第三方應用程序必須要實現一個接口，實時向Sidecar報告自己的狀態，告訴Sidecar自己還在運行著。

Sidecar應用程序必須和第三方應用程序運行在同一臺電腦上，也就是說他們之間是localhost，不能是IP訪問

Demo下載

參考博客

end

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