MongoDB數據表基本操作

查看全部數據表

>?use?ChatRoom
switched?to?db?ChatRoom
>?show?collections
Account
Chat
system.indexes
system.users

?

創建數據表

>?db.createCollection("Account")
{"ok":1}

?

> db.createCollection("Test",{capped:true, size:10000}) { "ok" : 1 }

{"ok":1}

-- 說明

capped:true，表示該集合的結構不能被修改；

size:在建表之初就指定一定的空間大小，接下來的插入操作會不斷地按順序APPEND數據在這個預分配好空間的文件中，如果已經超出空間大小，則回到文件頭覆蓋原來的數據繼續插入。這種結構保證了插入和查詢的高效性，它不允許刪除單個記錄，更新的也有限制：不能超過原有記錄的大小。這種表效率很高，它適用于一些暫時保存數據的場合，比如網站中登錄用戶的session信息，又比如一些程序的監控日志，都是屬于過了一定的時間就可以被覆蓋的數據。

?

修改數據表名

>?db.Account.renameCollection("Account1")
{?"ok"?:?1?}

?

數據表幫助主題help

>?db.Account.help()
DBCollection?help
????????db.Account.find().help()?-?show?DBCursor?help
????????db.Account.count()
????????db.Account.dataSize()
????????db.Account.distinct(?key?)?-?eg.?db.Account.distinct(?'x'?)
????????db.Account.drop()?drop?the?collection
????????db.Account.dropIndex(name)
????????db.Account.dropIndexes()
????????db.Account.ensureIndex(keypattern[,options])?-?options?is?an?object?with?these?possible?fields:?name,?unique,?dropDups
????????db.Account.reIndex()
????????db.Account.find([query],[fields])?-?query?is?an?optional?query?filter.?fields?is?optional?set?of?fields?to?return.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????e.g.?db.Account.find(?{x:77}?,?{name:1,?x:1}?)
????????db.Account.find(...).count()
????????db.Account.find(...).limit(n)
????????db.Account.find(...).skip(n)
????????db.Account.find(...).sort(...)
????????db.Account.findOne([query])
????????db.Account.findAndModify(?{?update?:?...?,?remove?:?bool?[,?query:?{},?sort:?{},?'new':?false]?}?)
????????db.Account.getDB()?get?DB?object?associated?with?collection
????????db.Account.getIndexes()
????????db.Account.group(?{?key?:?...,?initial:?...,?reduce?:?...[,?cond:?...]?}?)
????????db.Account.mapReduce(?mapFunction?,?reduceFunction?,?<optional?params>?)
????????db.Account.remove(query)
????????db.Account.renameCollection(?newName?,?<dropTarget>?)?renames?the?collection.
????????db.Account.runCommand(?name?,?<options>?)?runs?a?db?command?with?the?given?name?where?the?first?param?is?the?collection?name
????????db.Account.save(obj)
????????db.Account.stats()
????????db.Account.storageSize()?-?includes?free?space?allocated?to?this?collection
????????db.Account.totalIndexSize()?-?size?in?bytes?of?all?the?indexes
????????db.Account.totalSize()?-?storage?allocated?for?all?data?and?indexes
????????db.Account.update(query,?object[,?upsert_bool,?multi_bool])
????????db.Account.validate()?-?SLOW
????????db.Account.getShardVersion()?-?only?for?use?with?sharding

?

查看全部表記錄

>?db.Account.find()
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df08553188e444d001a763a"),?"AccountID"?:?1,?"UserName"?:?"libing",?"Password"?:?"1",?"Age"?:?26,?"Email"?:?"libing@126.com",?"RegisterDate"?:?"2011-06-09?16:31:25"?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df08586188e444d001a763b"),?"AccountID"?:?2,?"UserName"?:?"lb",?"Password"?:?"1",?"Age"?:?25,?"Email"?:?"libing@163.com",?"RegisterDate"?:?"2011-06-09?16:36:95"?}

?

--SELECT * FROM Account

?

說明：

?

默認每頁顯示20條記錄，當顯示不下的情況下，可以用it迭代命令查詢下一頁數據。
可以通過DBQuery.shellBatchSize設置每頁顯示數據的大小。如：DBQuery.shellBatchSize = 5，這樣每頁就顯示5條記錄了。

?

>?db.Test.find()
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55407444568af61cfea"),?"TestID"?:?1?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55907444568af61cfeb"),?"TestID"?:?2?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55b07444568af61cfec"),?"TestID"?:?3?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55e07444568af61cfed"),?"TestID"?:?4?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56207444568af61cfee"),?"TestID"?:?5?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56507444568af61cfef"),?"TestID"?:?6?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56807444568af61cff0"),?"TestID"?:?7?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56b07444568af61cff1"),?"TestID"?:?8?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56e07444568af61cff2"),?"TestID"?:?9?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d57a07444568af61cff3"),?"TestID"?:?10?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d57d07444568af61cff4"),?"TestID"?:?11?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d58007444568af61cff5"),?"TestID"?:?12?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d58307444568af61cff6"),?"TestID"?:?13?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d58e07444568af61cff7"),?"TestID"?:?14?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d59207444568af61cff8"),?"TestID"?:?15?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d59607444568af61cff9"),?"TestID"?:?16?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d59c07444568af61cffa"),?"TestID"?:?17?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d5a307444568af61cffb"),?"TestID"?:?18?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d5a607444568af61cffc"),?"TestID"?:?19?}
>?DBQuery.shellBatchSize
20
>?DBQuery.shellBatchSize?=?5
5
>?db.Test.find()
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55407444568af61cfea"),?"TestID"?:?1?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55907444568af61cfeb"),?"TestID"?:?2?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55b07444568af61cfec"),?"TestID"?:?3?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d55e07444568af61cfed"),?"TestID"?:?4?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56207444568af61cfee"),?"TestID"?:?5?}
has?more
>?it
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56507444568af61cfef"),?"TestID"?:?6?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56807444568af61cff0"),?"TestID"?:?7?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56b07444568af61cff1"),?"TestID"?:?8?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d56e07444568af61cff2"),?"TestID"?:?9?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d57a07444568af61cff3"),?"TestID"?:?10?}
has?more
>?it
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d57d07444568af61cff4"),?"TestID"?:?11?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d58007444568af61cff5"),?"TestID"?:?12?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d58307444568af61cff6"),?"TestID"?:?13?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d58e07444568af61cff7"),?"TestID"?:?14?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d59207444568af61cff8"),?"TestID"?:?15?}
has?more
>?it
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d59607444568af61cff9"),?"TestID"?:?16?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d59c07444568af61cffa"),?"TestID"?:?17?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d5a307444568af61cffb"),?"TestID"?:?18?}
{?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df6d5a607444568af61cffc"),?"TestID"?:?19?}
>?it
no?cursor

?

查詢一條記錄

>?db.Account.findOne()
{
????????"_id"?:?ObjectId("4ded95c3b7780a774a099b7c"),
????????"UserName"?:?"libing",
????????"Password"?:?"1",
????????"Email"?:?"libing@126.cn",
????????"RegisterDate"?:?"2011-06-07?11:06:25"
}

--SELECT TOP 1 * FROM Account

?

?查詢聚集中字段的不同記錄

>?db.Account.distinct("UserName")

--SELECT DISTINCT("UserName")? FROM Account

?

?查詢聚集中UserName包含“keyword”關鍵字的記錄

db.Account.find({"UserName":/keyword/})

?--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE '%keyword%'

?

查詢聚集中UserName以"keyword" 開頭的記錄

>?db.Account.find({"UserName":/^keyword/})

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE 'keyword%'

?

查詢聚集中UserName以“keyword”結尾的記錄

>?db.Account.find({"UserName":/keyword$/})

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE '%keyword'

?

查詢聚集中指定列

>?db.Account.find({},{"UserName":1,"Email":1})??? --1:true

--SELECT UserName,Email FROM Account

?

?查詢聚集中排除指定列

>?db.Account.find({},{"UserName":0})??? --0:false

?

查詢聚集中指定列，且Age > 20

>?db.Account.find({"Age":{"$gt":20}},{"UserName":1,"Email":1})

--SELECT UserName,Email FROM Account WHERE Age > 20

?

聚集中字段排序

>?db.Account.find().sort({"UserName":1})?--?升序
>?db.Account.find().sort({"UserName":-1})?--降序

--SELECT * FROM Account ORDER BY UserName ASC

--SELECT * FROM Account ORDER BY UserName DESC

?

統計聚集中記錄條數

>?db.Account.find().count()

--SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Account

?

統計聚集中符合條件的記錄條數

>?db.Account.find({"Age":{"$gt":20}}).count()

-- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Account WHERE Age > 20

?

統計聚集中字段符合條件的記錄條數

>?db.Account.find({"UserName":{"$exists":true}}).count()

--SELECT COUNT(UserName) FROM Account

?

查詢聚集中前5條記錄

>?db.Account.find().limit(5)

--SELECT TOP 5 * FROM Account

?

查詢聚集中第10條以后的記錄

>?db.Account.find().skip(10)

--SELECT * FROM Account WHERE AccountID NOT IN (SELECT TOP 10 AccountID FROM Account)

?

查詢聚集中第10條記錄以后的5條記錄

>?db.Account.find().skip(10).limit(5)

--SELECT TOP 5 * FROM Account WHERE AccountID NOT IN (SELECT TOP 10 AccountID FROM Account)

?

or查詢

>?db.Account.find({"$or":[{"UserName":/keyword/},{"Email":/keyword/}]},{"UserName":true,"Email":true})

--SELECT UserName,Email FROM Account WHERE UserName LIKE '%keyword%' OR Email LIKE '%keyword%'

?

添加新記錄

>?db.Account.insert({AccountID:2,UserName:"lb",Password:"1",Age:25,Email:"libing@163.com",RegisterDate:"2011-06-09?16:36:95"})

修改記錄

>?db.Account.update({"AccountID":1},{"$set":{"Age":27,"Email":"libingql@163.com"}})
>?db.Account.find({"AccountID":1})
{?"AccountID"?:?1,?"Age"?:?27,?"Email"?:?"libingql@163.com",?"Password"?:?"1",?"RegisterDate"?:?"2011-06-09?16:31:25",?"UserName"?:?"libing",?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df08553188e444d001a763a")?}

?

>?db.Account.update({"AccountID":1},{"$inc":{"Age":1}})
>?db.Account.find({"AccountID":1})
{?"AccountID"?:?1,?"Age"?:?28,?"Email"?:?"libingql@163.com",?"Password"?:?"1",?"RegisterDate"?:?"2011-06-09?16:31:25",?"UserName"?:?"libing",?"_id"?:?ObjectId("4df08553188e444d001a763a")?}

?

刪除記錄

>?db.Account.remove({"AccountID":1})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?AccountID?=?1

?

>?db.Account.remove({"UserName":"libing"})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?UserName?=?'libing'

?

>?db.Account.remove({"Age":{$lt:20}})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?Age?<?20
>?db.Account.remove({"Age":{$lte:20}})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?Age?<=?20
>?db.Account.remove({"Age":{$gt:20}})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?Age?>?20
>?db.Account.remove({"Age":{$gte:20}})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?Age?>=?20
>?db.Account.remove({"Age":{$ne:20}})?--DELETE?FROM?Account?WHERE?Age?!=?20

?

>?db.Account.remove()????--全部刪除
>?db.Account.remove({})??--全部刪除

總結

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