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IOS定位核心与地图

發布時間：2025/3/17 编程问答 25 豆豆

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本文轉載至：http://www.cnblogs.com/xinye/archive/2013/06/13/3134746.html

IOS定位核心與地圖

? ? ? ? ? ? ???

Core Location以及Map框架包通常能給我們的應用程序添加定位和地圖相關的服務。Core Location框架包通常是使用硬件設備來進行定位服務的，Map框架包通常能夠使你的應用程序做一些地圖展示與交互的相關功能。地圖的定位服務一般需要依賴設備的硬件組成部分。如果有定位的硬件設備，那么肯定是可以利用地圖框架包來進行地圖的一些相關的操作。

為了能夠在項目中使用到位置服務以及地圖展示的相關功能，你必須要導入Core Location?和Map這兩個框架包。如果你不知道怎么做，那么請參照如下步驟。

1.點擊你的項目工程圖標文件。

2.然后選擇target選項，如圖1所示。

3.然后選擇Build Phase模塊欄。

4.然后點開Link Binary With Libraries欄目，在點擊+號按鈕。

圖1?添加相關的框架包

5.添加MapKit.framework和CoreLocation.framework這兩個庫

6.在使用地圖和定位的地方，導入：

#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>

#import <MapKit/MapKit.h>

MKMapView是UIView的子類，所以可以像一個普通的View一樣添加到ViewController的View當中。

以下是相關的代碼

ViewController.h

#import?<UIKit/UIKit.h>

#import?<CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>

#import?<MapKit/MapKit.h>

#import?"MyAnnotation.h"

@interface?ViewController : UIViewController <MKMapViewDelegate,CLLocationManagerDelegate>

// MapView

@property (nonatomic,strong) MKMapView *myMapView;// 地圖控件

// LocationManager

@property (nonatomic,strong) CLLocationManager *myLocationManager;// 位置管理器

@property (nonatomic,strong) CLGeocoder *myGeoCoder ;// 地理位置和真實地址轉換

@end

ViewController.m

#import?"ViewController.h"

#import?"MKMapView+ZoomLevel.h"

@interface?ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

@synthesize myMapView;

@synthesize myLocationManager;

@synthesize myGeoCoder;

- (void)viewDidLoad

{

[super?viewDidLoad];

// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

// 設置根View的背景顏色

self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0x33 / 255.0f green:0x66 / 255.0f blue:0x99 / 255.0f alpha:0xFF / 255.0f];

// 初始化MapView并且設置MapView顯示的邊界

self.myMapView = [[MKMapView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];

// self.myMapView.mapType = MKMapTypeSatellite;

// self.myMapView.mapType = MKMapTypeHybrid;

self.myMapView.mapType = MKMapTypeStandard;

self.myMapView.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight;

self.myMapView.delegate?= self;

CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(40.034122, 116.289574);

MyAnnotation *annotation = [[MyAnnotation alloc]initWithCoordinate:coordinate title:@"我的位置" subTitle:@"這里就是寡人的位置，嘿嘿！"];

annotation.pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorPurple;

[self.myMapView addAnnotation:annotation];

[self.myMapView setShowsUserLocation:YES];

[self.myMapView setCenterCoordinate:coordinate zoomLevel:15 animated:YES];

[self.view addSubview:myMapView];

if([CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]){

self.myLocationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc]init];

self.myLocationManager.delegate?= self;

// // 提示用戶是否允許當前應用使用地理位置，已過時，在Info.plist中使用NSLocationUsageDescription鍵值替換

// self.myLocationManager.purpose = @"提示用戶是否允許當前應用使用位置，已過時";

[self.myLocationManager startUpdatingLocation];

}else{

NSLog(@">>>>>>>>>> 位置服務不可用 <<<<<<<<<<<<");

UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"您的位置服務當前不可用，請打開位置服務后重試"?delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"確定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil];

[alertView show];

}

CLLocation *location = [[CLLocation alloc]initWithLatitude:40.034122 longitude:116.289574];

self.myGeoCoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc]init];

[self.myGeoCoder reverseGeocodeLocation:location completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks,NSError *error){

if(error == nil && [placemarks count] > 0){

CLPlacemark *pm = [placemarks objectAtIndex:0];

NSLog(@"國家：%@" ,pm.country);

NSLog(@"郵編：%@",pm.postalCode);

NSLog(@"Locality:%@",pm.locality);

}else?if(error == nil && [placemarks count] == 0){

NSLog(@"沒有地址返回");

}else?if(error != nil){

NSLog(@"出錯了：%@",error);

}

}];

[self.myGeoCoder geocodeAddressString:@"中國北京市海淀區花園東路10號高德大廈" completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks,NSError *error){

if(nil == error && [placemarks count] > 0){

NSLog(@"placemarks count:%i",[placemarks count]);

CLPlacemark *pm = [placemarks objectAtIndex:0];

NSLog(@"longitude=%f",pm.location.coordinate.longitude);

NSLog(@"latitude=%f",pm.location.coordinate.latitude);

}else?if([placemarks count] == 0 && error == nil){

NSLog(@"找不到給定地址的經緯度");

}else?if(nil != nil){

NSLog(@"發生了錯誤:%@",error);

}

}];

}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning

{

[super?didReceiveMemoryWarning];

// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.

}

-(void)viewDidUnload

{

[super?viewDidUnload];

self.myMapView = nil;

[self.myLocationManager stopUpdatingLocation];

self.myLocationManager = nil;

}

-(BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)toInterfaceOrientation

{

return?YES;

}

/*******************************************************************************************/

/*************************** MapView的Delegate的方法，全部都是Option的 *************************/

/*******************************************************************************************/

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView regionWillChangeAnimated:(BOOL)animated {

NSLog(@"mapView:regionWillChangeAnimated:方法被調用");

}

// 用戶的地理位置發生改變的時候調用

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView regionDidChangeAnimated:(BOOL)animated {

NSLog(@"mapView:regionDidChangeAnimated：方法被調用");

}

// 當地圖界面將要加載的時候將會調用這個方法

- (void)mapViewWillStartLoadingMap:(MKMapView *)mapView{

NSLog(@"mapViewWillStartLoadingMap:方法被調用");

}

// 當地圖界面加載完成的時候將要調用這個方法

- (void)mapViewDidFinishLoadingMap:(MKMapView *)mapView{

NSLog(@"mapViewDidFinishLoadingMap:方法被調用");

}

// 當地圖界面加載失敗的時候調用這個方法

- (void)mapViewDidFailLoadingMap:(MKMapView *)mapView withError:(NSError *)error{

NSLog(@"mapViewDidFailLoadingMap:withError:方法被調用，error is:%@" , [error description]);

}

// 添加到地圖的Annotation

// mapView:viewForAnnotation: provides the view for each annotation.

// This method may be called for all or some of the added annotations.

// For MapKit provided annotations (eg. MKUserLocation) return nil to use the MapKit provided annotation view.

- (MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id <MKAnnotation>)annotation

{

MKAnnotationView *view = nil;

if([annotation isKindOfClass:[MyAnnotation?class]] == NO){

return?view;

}

if([mapView isEqual:self.myMapView] == NO){

return?view;

}

MyAnnotation *senderAnnotation = (MyAnnotation*)annotation;

NSString *pinReusableIdentifier = [MyAnnotation reusableIdentifierForPinColor:senderAnnotation.pinColor];

MKPinAnnotationView *annotationView = (MKPinAnnotationView*)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:pinReusableIdentifier];

if(annotationView == nil){

annotationView = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc]initWithAnnotation:senderAnnotation reuseIdentifier:pinReusableIdentifier];

[annotationView setCanShowCallout:YES];

}

annotationView.pinColor = senderAnnotation.pinColor;

NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);

NSString *documentPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0];

NSString *cachePath = [documentPath stringByAppendingString:@"/images"];

NSString *cacheFile = [cachePath stringByAppendingString:@"icon.image"];

if([[NSFileManager defaultManager]fileExistsAtPath:cacheFile]){

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:cacheFile];

if(image != nil){

annotationView.image = image;

NSLog(@"通過本地設置圖片");

}else{

[self setAnnotionImageByUrl:annotationView cacheFile:cacheFile];

}

}else{

[self setAnnotionImageByUrl:annotationView cacheFile:cacheFile];

}

view = annotationView;

return?view;

}

-(void) setAnnotionImageByUrl:(MKPinAnnotationView *)annotationView cacheFile:(NSString *) cacheFile{

NSLog(@"通過網絡設置文件");

dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);

dispatch_async(queue, ^{

NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com/img/duanwulogo_94a0060bda0885d1c2320ca0d7d7c342.gif"];

NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];

if(data != nil){

[data writeToFile:cacheFile atomically:YES];

UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];

dispatch_queue_t mainQueue = dispatch_get_main_queue();

dispatch_async(mainQueue, ^{

if(image != nil){

annotationView.image = image;

}

});

}

});

}

/**

// mapView:didAddAnnotationViews: is called after the annotation views have been added and positioned in the map.

// The delegate can implement this method to animate the adding of the annotations views.

// Use the current positions of the annotation views as the destinations of the animation.

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didAddAnnotationViews:(NSArray *)views;

// mapView:annotationView:calloutAccessoryControlTapped: is called when the user taps on left & right callout accessory UIControls.

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView annotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view calloutAccessoryControlTapped:(UIControl *)control;

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didSelectAnnotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didDeselectAnnotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapViewWillStartLocatingUser:(MKMapView *)mapView NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapViewDidStopLocatingUser:(MKMapView *)mapView NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didUpdateUserLocation:(MKUserLocation *)userLocation NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didFailToLocateUserWithError:(NSError *)error NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView annotationView:(MKAnnotationView *)view didChangeDragState:(MKAnnotationViewDragState)newState

fromOldState:(MKAnnotationViewDragState)oldState NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (MKOverlayView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForOverlay:(id <MKOverlay>)overlay NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

// Called after the provided overlay views have been added and positioned in the map.

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didAddOverlayViews:(NSArray *)overlayViews NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 4_0);

- (void)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView didChangeUserTrackingMode:(MKUserTrackingMode)mode animated:(BOOL)animated NS_AVAILABLE(NA, 5_0);

/*******************************************************************************************/

/*************************** 位置相關 *************************/

/*******************************************************************************************/

-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation

{

NSLog(@"Latitude=%f",newLocation.coordinate.latitude);

NSLog(@"Longitude=%f",newLocation.coordinate.longitude);

}

-(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error

{

NSLog(@"獲得位置失敗");

}

@end

MKMapView+ZoomLevel.h

#import?<MapKit/MapKit.h>

@interface?MKMapView (ZoomLevel)

- (void)setCenterCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinate

zoomLevel:(NSUInteger)zoomLevel

animated:(BOOL)animated;

@end

MKMapView+ZoomLevel.m

#import?"MKMapView+ZoomLevel.h"

@implementation MKMapView (ZoomLevel)

#define MERCATOR_OFFSET 268435456

#define MERCATOR_RADIUS 85445659.44705395

#pragma mark -

#pragma mark Map conversion methods

- (double)longitudeToPixelSpaceX:(double)longitude

{

return?round(MERCATOR_OFFSET + MERCATOR_RADIUS * longitude * M_PI / 180.0);

}

- (double)latitudeToPixelSpaceY:(double)latitude

{

return?round(MERCATOR_OFFSET - MERCATOR_RADIUS * logf((1 + sinf(latitude * M_PI / 180.0)) / (1 - sinf(latitude * M_PI / 180.0))) / 2.0);

}

- (double)pixelSpaceXToLongitude:(double)pixelX

{

return?((round(pixelX) - MERCATOR_OFFSET) / MERCATOR_RADIUS) * 180.0 / M_PI;

}

- (double)pixelSpaceYToLatitude:(double)pixelY

{

return?(M_PI / 2.0 - 2.0 * atan(exp((round(pixelY) - MERCATOR_OFFSET) / MERCATOR_RADIUS))) * 180.0 / M_PI;

}

#pragma mark -

#pragma mark Helper methods

- (MKCoordinateSpan)coordinateSpanWithMapView:(MKMapView *)mapView

centerCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinate

andZoomLevel:(NSUInteger)zoomLevel

{

// convert center coordiate to pixel space

double?centerPixelX = [self longitudeToPixelSpaceX:centerCoordinate.longitude];

double?centerPixelY = [self latitudeToPixelSpaceY:centerCoordinate.latitude];

// determine the scale value from the zoom level

NSInteger zoomExponent = 20 - zoomLevel;

double?zoomScale = pow(2, zoomExponent);

// scale the map's size in pixel space

CGSize mapSizeInPixels = mapView.bounds.size;

double?scaledMapWidth = mapSizeInPixels.width * zoomScale;

double?scaledMapHeight = mapSizeInPixels.height * zoomScale;

// figure out the position of the top-left pixel

double?topLeftPixelX = centerPixelX - (scaledMapWidth / 2);

double?topLeftPixelY = centerPixelY - (scaledMapHeight / 2);

// find delta between left and right longitudes

CLLocationDegrees minLng = [self pixelSpaceXToLongitude:topLeftPixelX];

CLLocationDegrees maxLng = [self pixelSpaceXToLongitude:topLeftPixelX + scaledMapWidth];

CLLocationDegrees longitudeDelta = maxLng - minLng;

// find delta between top and bottom latitudes

CLLocationDegrees minLat = [self pixelSpaceYToLatitude:topLeftPixelY];

CLLocationDegrees maxLat = [self pixelSpaceYToLatitude:topLeftPixelY + scaledMapHeight];

CLLocationDegrees latitudeDelta = -1 * (maxLat - minLat);

// create and return the lat/lng span

MKCoordinateSpan span = MKCoordinateSpanMake(latitudeDelta, longitudeDelta);

return?span;

}

#pragma mark -

#pragma mark Public methods

- (void)setCenterCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinate

zoomLevel:(NSUInteger)zoomLevel

animated:(BOOL)animated

{

// clamp large numbers to 28

zoomLevel = MIN(zoomLevel, 28);

// use the zoom level to compute the region

MKCoordinateSpan span = [self coordinateSpanWithMapView:self centerCoordinate:centerCoordinate andZoomLevel:zoomLevel];

MKCoordinateRegion region = MKCoordinateRegionMake(centerCoordinate, span);

// set the region like normal

[self setRegion:region animated:animated];

}

@end

MyAnnotation.h

#import?<Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import?<CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>

#import?<MapKit/MapKit.h>

#define REUSABLE_PIN_RED @"Red"

#define REUSABLE_PIN_GREEN @"Green"

#define REUSABLE_PIN_PURPLE @"Purple"

@interface?MyAnnotation : NSObject <MKAnnotation>

@property (nonatomic,readonly) CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate;

@property (nonatomic, readonly, copy) NSString *title;

@property (nonatomic, readonly, copy) NSString *subtitle;

@property (nonatomic,unsafe_unretained) MKPinAnnotationColor pinColor;

-(id) initWithCoordinate:(CLLocationCoordinate2D) coordinate

title:(NSString*) paramTitle

subTitle:(NSString*) paramSubTitle;

// 得到顏色

+(NSString *) reusableIdentifierForPinColor:(MKPinAnnotationColor) paramColor;

@end

MyAnnotation.m

#import?"MyAnnotation.h"

@implementation MyAnnotation

@synthesize coordinate,title,subtitle,pinColor;

-(id) initWithCoordinate

:(CLLocationCoordinate2D) paramCoordinate title:(NSString *)paramTitle subTitle:(NSString *)paramSubTitle

{

self = [super?init];

if(self != nil){

coordinate = paramCoordinate;

title = paramTitle;

subtitle = paramSubTitle;

pinColor = MKPinAnnotationColorGreen;

}

return?self;

}

+(NSString *)reusableIdentifierForPinColor:(MKPinAnnotationColor)paramColor

{

NSString *result = nil;

switch?(paramColor) {

case?MKPinAnnotationColorRed:

result = REUSABLE_PIN_RED;

break;

case?MKPinAnnotationColorGreen:

result = REUSABLE_PIN_GREEN;

break;

case?MKPinAnnotationColorPurple:

result = REUSABLE_PIN_PURPLE;

}

return?result;

}

@end

注意，在使用用戶的位置的時候,系統會彈出是否允許應用使用位置的對話框，這個對話框中的提示文字，可以自己進行定義

在系統版本是6.0(包括6.0)以上的時候，在Info.plist文件中進行定義

<key>NSLocationUsageDescription</key>

<string>是否可以使用位置？如果需要使用本應用，是必須的！</string>

在6.0以下，這樣進行定義

// // 提示用戶是否允許當前應用使用地理位置，已過時，在Info.plist中使用NSLocationUsageDescription鍵值替換

// self.myLocationManager.purpose = @"提示用戶是否允許當前應用使用位置，已過時";

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