---------------------------------------------

1.準備工作

---------------------------------------------

--查看當前mysql服務器使用的存儲引擎

# mysqladmin variables | grep? storage_engine

| storage_engine????????????????????????? | MyISAM

--查看mysql數據庫存放目錄

# mysqladmin variables | grep datadir

| datadir???????????????????????????????? | /usr/local/mysql/var/???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? |

---------------------------------------------

2.mysqldump備份數據庫

---------------------------------------------

--mysqldump備份一個整個的數據庫

# mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt accp > /test/accpbak.sql

/*

--opt 這只是一個快捷選項，等同于同時添加 --add-drop-tables --add-locking --create-option --disable-keys --extended-insert --lock-tables --quick --set-charset 選項

*/

--mysqldump備份多個數據庫

# mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt? --database accp suzhou? > /test/twobak.sql

--mysqldump備份所有數據庫

# mysqldump -u root -ppassword? --opt? --all-databases? > /test/allbak.sql

---------------------------------------------

3.--mysqldump恢復數據庫

---------------------------------------------

--mysqldump恢復:恢復的前提是accp數據庫存在

#mysql -u root -ppassword accp < /test/accpbak.sql

--恢復多個數據庫

#mysql -u root -ppassword

mysql>source /test/twobak.sql

---------------------------------------------

---mysql增量備份

---------------------------------------------

#vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

log-bin=/mysql-log/mysql-bin

1.全備

mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt beijing > /test/beijing.sql

2.增量備份:切斷日志，即備份之前所有內容。此備份點只有的修改都存在新日志里

mysqldump --flush-logs -u root -ppassword --opt beijing > /test/beijing.sql

恢復

1.恢復全備

mysql -u root -ppassword beijing < /test/beijing.sql

2.恢復日志

#mysqlbinlog /usr/local/mysql/var/mysql-bin.000013 | mysql -u root -ppassword beijing

啟用新的更新日志

這樣可以記錄你備份后的數據改變為恢復數據準備。

#mysqladmin flush-logs -u root -ppassword

---案例：增量備份

(1).查看二進制日志存放位置

# ls /usr/local/mysql/var/ | grep mysql-bin*

mysql-bin.000001

mysql-bin.000002

mysql-bin.000003

mysql-bin.000004

mysql-bin.000005

mysql-bin.000006

mysql-bin.000007

mysql-bin.000008

mysql-bin.000009

mysql-bin.000010

mysql-bin.000011

mysql-bin.000012

mysql-bin.000013

mysql-bin.index

(2).準備存放備份數據的位置

# mkdir /backup

(2).準備備份的數據

# mysql -u root -ppassword beijing

mysql> show tables;

+-------------------+

| Tables_in_beijing |

+-------------------+

| t1??????????????? |

+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;

+------+

| sid? |

+------+

|? 101 |

|? 102 |

|? 103 |

|? 104 |

+------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(3).做全備

#mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt beijing > /backup/beijing.sql

(4).修改數據庫中表內容

# mysql -u root -ppassword beijing

mysql> insert into t1 values (105);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;

+------+

| sid? |

+------+

|? 101 |

|? 102 |

|? 103 |

|? 104 |

|? 105 |

+------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(5).備份并啟用新日志

#mysqldump --flush-logs -u root -ppassword --opt beijing > /backup/beijing.sql

# ls /usr/local/mysql/var/ | grep mysql-bin*

mysql-bin.000001

mysql-bin.000002

mysql-bin.000003

mysql-bin.000004

mysql-bin.000005

mysql-bin.000006

mysql-bin.000007

mysql-bin.000008

mysql-bin.000009

mysql-bin.000010

mysql-bin.000011

mysql-bin.000012

mysql-bin.000013

mysql-bin.000014

mysql-bin.index

--說明:即該備份完成后，數據庫修改的日志都保存在新添加的mysql-bin.000014中.

(6).操作數據庫

# mysql -u root -ppassword beijing

mysql> select * from t1;

+------+

| sid? |

+------+

|? 101 |

|? 102 |

|? 103 |

|? 104 |

|? 105 |

+------+

5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> delete from t1 where sid=103;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;

+------+

| sid? |

+------+

|? 101 |

|? 102 |

|? 104 |

|? 105 |

+------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(7).恢復剛才刪除的數據

第一步：恢復全備

#mysql -u root -ppassword beijing < /backup/beijing.sql

第二步：恢復日志

#mysqlbinlog /usr/local/mysql/var/mysql-bin.000014 | mysql -u root -ppassword beijing

第三步：查看數據是否恢復

# mysql -u root -ppassword beijing

mysql> select * from t1;

+------+

| sid? |

+------+

|? 101 |

|? 102 |

|? 103 |

|? 104 |

|? 105 |

+------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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