DebootstrapChroot

You can work anywhere - this howto will assume you're using /var/chroot

你可以在任何地方工作-本指南假定你使用的是/var/chroot

If you are running warty and want a hoary chroot you will need to install the debootstrap package from hoary [WWW] http://higgs.djpig.de/ubuntu/www/hoary/admin/debootstrap

如果你使用的是Warty并需要一個Hoary的Chroot環境的話，可以從http://higgs.djpig.de/ubuntu/www/hoary/admin/debootstrap中安裝Hoary的Debootstrap包。

If you are running hoary and want a breezy chroot you will need this debootstrap package or recompile debootstrap from breezy yourself: [WWW] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_0.2.45ubuntu36_i386.deb [WWW] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_0.2.45ubuntu35_amd64.deb

如果你使用的是Hoary而需要一個Breezy的Chroot環境的話，可以安裝下面的Debootstrap包或重新編譯下面Breezy的Debootstrap包：[url] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_0.2.45ubuntu36_i386.deb [/url][url] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_0.2.45ubuntu35_amd64.deb[/url]

代碼:

?sudo apt-get install dchroot debootstrap

?sudo mkdir /var/chroot

?sudo editor /etc/dchroot.conf

Append this line

添加該行

代碼:

?mychroot /var/chroot

If you want a 32-bit chroot on amd64 add --arch i386 to this command line. If you use the chroot to build packages add --variant=buildd

如果你想在amd64上模擬32-bit的Chroot環境的話，添加--arch i386參數。如果你使用chroot環境編譯該包的話，添加--variant=buildd參數

代碼:

?sudo debootstrap [--variant=buildd] [--arch i386] hoary /var/chroot/ http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/

?sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /var/chroot/etc/resolv.conf

?sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /var/chroot/etc/apt/

?sudo chroot /var/chroot/

?apt-get update

?apt-get install wget debconf devscripts gnupg? #For package-building

?apt-get install locales dialog? #If you don't talk en_US

?dpkg-reconfigure locales

?exit

Fix the user and root password

修改用戶和根用戶密碼

代碼:

?sudo cp /etc/passwd /var/chroot/etc/

?sudo sed 's/\([^:]*\):[^:]*:/\1:*:/' /etc/shadow | sudo tee /var/chroot/etc/shadow

?sudo cp /etc/group /var/chroot/etc/

?sudo cp /etc/hosts /var/chroot/etc/ # avoid sudo warnings when it will resolvin chroot

To enable sudo and setup your passwords for root and the first sudo user in the admin group:

為了能sudo和在admin組中第一個sudo用戶和根用戶設置密碼

代碼:

?sudo cp /etc/sudoers /var/chroot/etc/

?sudo chroot /var/chroot/

?dpkg-reconfigure passwd

?passwd <your first ubuntu user in the admin group>

?exit

Finish things up:

最后：

代碼:

?sudo editor /etc/fstab

Add these lines: (/media/cdrom is optional, of course)

添加下列行：（/media/cdrom當然是可選項）

代碼:

?/home?????????? /var/chroot/home??????? none??? bind??????????? 0?????? 0

?/tmp??????????? /var/chroot/tmp???????? none??? bind??????????? 0?????? 0

?/media/cdrom??? /var/chroot/media/cdrom none??? bind??????????? 0?????? 0

?proc-chroot???? /var/chroot/proc??????? proc??? defaults??????? 0?????? 0

?devpts-chroot?? /var/chroot/dev/pts???? devpts? defaults??????? 0?????? 0

Mount them:

掛載它們：

代碼:

sudo mount /var/chroot/home

sudo mount /var/chroot/tmp

sudo mount /var/chroot/media/cdrom

sudo mount /var/chroot/proc

sudo mount /var/chroot/dev/pts

The default bash path includes chroot information. To make this visible:

缺省Bash目錄包含了Chroot信息，為了使之可見：

代碼:

sudo chroot /var/chroot/

echo mychroot > etc/debian_chroot

exit

Now when you want to use your chroot (you may omit the -c mychroot if there's only one, or you just want the first one in the file). The -d parameter means that your environment will be preserved, this is generally useful if you want chrooted applications to seamlessly use your X server, your session manager, etc.

現在當你想使用你的Chroot環境時（你可以忽略-c mychroot參數，如果你只有一個或只想使用文件中的第一個時）。-d參數意味著你的環境將被保留，當你想你的Chroot環境中的應用程序想無縫地使用你的X服務器、會話管理器時,這通常是有用的。

代碼:

?dchroot -c mychroot -d?

總結

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