uniq [選項] 文件

說明：這個命令讀取輸入文件，并比較相鄰的行。在正常情況下，第二個及以后更多個重復行將被刪去，行比較是根據(jù)所用字符集的排序序列進行的。該命令加工后的結果寫到輸出文件中。輸入文件和輸出文件必須不同。如果輸入文件用“- ”表示，則從標準輸入讀取。

該命令各選項含義如下：、

– c 顯示輸出中，在每行行首加上本行在文件中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)。它可取代- u和- d選項。

– d 只顯示重復行。

– u 只顯示文件中不重復的各行。

– n 前n個字段與每個字段前的空白一起被忽略。一個字段是一個非空格、非制表符的字符串，彼此由制表符和空格隔開(字段從0開始編號)。

+n 前n個字符被忽略，之前的字符被跳過(字符從0開始編號)。

– f n 與- n相同，這里n是字段數(shù)。

– s n 與+n相同，這里n是字符數(shù)。

接下來通過實踐實例說明：

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[root@stu100?~]#?cat?test?boy?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?girl?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?dog?brought?hat?home?dog?brought?hat?home?dog?brought?hat?home

看test文件的內容

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?test?boy?took?bat?home?girl?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?dog?brought?hat?home

uniq命令不加任何參數(shù)，僅顯示連續(xù)重復的行一次

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?-c?test?2?boy?took?bat?home?1?girl?took?bat?home?2?boy?took?bat?home?3?dog?brought?hat?home?1

-c 參數(shù)顯示文件中每行連續(xù)出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)。

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?cat?test?|sort?|?uniq?-c?1?4?boy?took?bat?home?3?dog?brought?hat?home?1?girl?took?bat?home

排序后再顯示

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?-d?test?boy?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?dog?brought?hat?home

-d選項僅顯示文件中連續(xù)重復出現(xiàn)的行。

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?-u?test?girl?took?bat?home

-u選項顯示文件中沒有連續(xù)出現(xiàn)的行。

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?-f?2?-s?2?test?boy?took?bat?home

忽略每行的前2個字段，忽略第二 個空白字符和第三個字段的首字符，結果at home

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?-f?1?test?boy?took?bat?home?dog?brought?hat?home

忽 略每行的第一個字段，這樣boy ，girl開頭的行看起來是連續(xù)重復的行。

============================================

[root@stu100?~]#?uniq?-D?test?boy?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?boy?took?bat?home?dog?brought?hat?home?dog?brought?hat?home?dog?brought?hat?home

顯示所有重復的行，每個重復的行都顯示

原文：http://www.liangkun.net/archives/683.html

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/devin223/1664833

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