引用鏈接：vpelletier/python-libusb1

Pure-python wrapper for libusb-1.0

Supports all transfer types, both in synchronous and asynchronous mode.

libusb-1.0的純Python封裝

支持同步和異步模式下的所有傳輸類型。

Home: http://github.com/vpelletier/python-libusb1

PyPI: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/libusb1

Dependencies 依賴

• CPython_ 2.7+ or 3.4+, pypy_ 2.0+. Older versions may work, but are not
  recommended as there is no automated regression testing set up for them.

  CPython_ 2.7+或3.4+，pypy_ 2.0+。 較舊的版本可能會起作用，但由于不為它們設置自動回歸測試，因此不建議使用。

• libusb-1.0_

Supported OSes 支持的操作系統

python-libusb1 can be expected to work on:

• GNU/Linux

• Windows [1]_ native dll or via Cygwin_

• OSX [2]_ via MacPorts_, Fink_ or Homebrew_

• FreeBSD (including Debian GNU/kFreeBSD)

• OpenBSD

… [1] Beware of libusb-win32, which implements 0.1 API, not 1.0 .
注意libusb-win32，它實現了0.1 API，而不是1.0。

… [2] Beware of possible lack of select.poll if you want to use asynchronous
API.

Installation 安裝

Releases from PyPI, with name libusb1. Installing from command line::

$ pip install libusb1

or::

$ easy_install libusb1

Latest version from source tree::

$ git clone https://github.com/vpelletier/python-libusb1.git $ cd python-libusb1 $ python setup.py install

Usage 用法

Finding a device and gaining exclusive access:
查找設備并獲得獨占訪問權：

… code:: python

import usb1 with usb1.USBContext() as context:handle = context.openByVendorIDAndProductID(VENDOR_ID,PRODUCT_ID,skip_on_error=True,)if handle is None:# Device not present, or user is not allowed to access device. # 設備不存在，或不允許用戶訪問設備。with handle.claimInterface(INTERFACE):# Do stuff with endpoints on claimed interface.# 在聲明的接口上處理端點。

Synchronous I/O 同步I / O：:

while True:data = handle.bulkRead(ENDPOINT, BUFFER_SIZE)# Process data...

Asynchronous I/O, with more error handling 異步I / O，具有更多錯誤處理:

def processReceivedData(transfer):if transfer.getStatus() != usb1.TRANSFER_COMPLETED:# Transfer did not complete successfully, there is no data to read.# This example does not resubmit transfers on errors. You may want# to resubmit in some cases (timeout, ...).# 傳輸未成功完成，沒有要讀取的數據。# 本示例不會在錯誤時重新提交傳輸。# 在某些情況下，您可能需要重新提交（超時，...）。returndata = transfer.getBuffer()[:transfer.getActualLength()]# Process data...# Resubmit transfer once data is processed.# 處理數據...＃處理完數據后重新提交傳輸。transfer.submit()# Build a list of transfer objects and submit them to prime the pump. # 建立傳輸對象列表，然后提交它們以填充泵。 transfer_list = [] for _ in range(TRANSFER_COUNT):transfer = handle.getTransfer()transfer.setBulk(usb1.ENDPOINT_IN | ENDPOINT,BUFFER_SIZE,callback=processReceivedData,)transfer.submit()transfer_list.append(transfer) # Loop as long as there is at least one submitted transfer. # 只要至少有一個提交的傳輸，就循環。 while any(x.isSubmitted() for x in transfer_list):try:context.handleEvents()except usb1.USBErrorInterrupted:pass

For more, see the example directory.

Documentation

python-libusb1 main documentation is accessible with python’s standard
pydoc command.
python-libusb1主文檔可通過python的標準pydoc命令訪問。

python-libusb1 follows libusb-1.0 documentation as closely as possible, without
taking decisions for you. Thanks to this, python-libusb1 does not need to
duplicate the nice existing libusb1.0 documentation.
python-libusb1盡可能嚴格地遵循libusb-1.0文檔，而無需為您做出決定。
因此，python-libusb1不需要復制現有的不錯的libusb1.0文檔。

Some description is needed though on how to jump from libusb-1.0 documentation
to python-libusb1, and vice-versa:
但是，關于如何從libusb-1.0文檔跳轉到python-libusb1以及反之亦然需要一些說明：

usb1 module groups libusb-1.0 functions as class methods. The first
parameter (when it’s a libusb_... pointer) defined the class the fonction
belongs to. For example:

• :c_code:int libusb_init (libusb_context **context) becomes USBContext class
  constructor, :python_code:USBContext.__init__(self)

• :c_code:ssize_t libusb_get_device_list (libusb_context *ctx, libusb_device ***list) becomes an USBContext method, returning a
  list of USBDevice instances, :python_code:USBDevice.getDeviceList(self)

• :c_code:uint8_t libusb_get_bus_number (libusb_device *dev) becomes an
  USBDevice method, :python_code:USBDevice.getBusNumber(self)

Error statuses are converted into :python_code:usb1.USBError exceptions, with
status as value instance property.

usb1 module also defines a few more functions and classes, which are
otherwise not so convenient to call from Python: the event handling API needed
by async API.

History

0.0.1

Initial release

0.1.1

Massive rework of usb1.py, making it more python-ish and fixing some
memory leaks.

0.1.2

Deprecate “transfer” constructor parameter to allow instance reuse.

0.1.3

Some work on isochronous “in” transfers. They don’t raise exceptions anymore,
but data validity and python-induced latency impact weren’t properly checked.

0.2.0

Fix asynchronous configuration transfers.

Stand-alone polling thread for multi-threaded apps.

More libusb methods exposed on objects, including ones not yet part of
released libusb versions (up to their commit 4630fc2).

2to3 friendly.

Drop deprecated USBDevice.reprConfigurations method.

0.2.1

Add FreeBSD support.

0.2.2

Add Cygwin support.

OpenBSD support checked (no change).

0.2.3

Add fink and homebrew support on OSX.

Drop PATH_MAX definition.

Try harder when looking for libusb.

1.0.0

Fix FreeBSD ABI compatibility.

Easier to list connected devices.

Easier to terminate all async transfers for clean exit.

Fix few segfault causes.

pypy support.

1.1.0

Descriptor walk API documented.

Version and capability APIs exposed.

Some portability fixes (OSes, python versions).

Isochronous transfer refuses to round transfer size.

Better exception handling in enumeration.

Add examples.

Better documentation.

1.2.0

Wrap hotplug API.

Wrap port number API.

Wrap kernel auto-detach API.

Drop wrapper for libusb_strerror, with compatibility place-holder.

Add a few new upstream enum values.

1.3.0

Backward-incompatible change: Enum class now affects caller’s local scope,
not its global scope. This should not be of much importance, as:

• This class is probably very little used outside libusb1.py

• This class is probably mostly used at module level, where locals == globals.

  It is possible to get former behaviour by providing the new scope_dict
  parameter to Enum constructor::

  SOME_ENUM = libusb1.Enum({…}, scope_dict=globals())

Improve start-up time on CPython by not importing standard inspect module.

Fix some more USBTransfer memory leaks.

Add Transfer.iterISO for more efficient isochronous reception.

1.3.1

Fixed USBContext.waitForEvent.

Fix typo in USBInterfaceSetting.getClassTuple method name. Backward
compatibility preserved.

Remove globals accesses from USBDeviceHandle destructor.

Assorted documentation improvements.

1.3.2

Made USBDevice instances hashable.

Relaxed licensing by moving from GPL v2+ to LGPL v2.1+, for consistency with
libusb1.

1.4.0

Reduce (remove ?) the need to import libusb1 module by exposing USBError and
constants in usb1 module.

Fix libusb1.LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_ENDPOINT_MASK and
libusb1.LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_DIR_MASK naming.

Fix pydoc appearance of several USBContext methods.

Define exception classes for each error values.

1.4.1

Fix wheel generation (python3 setup.py bdist_wheel).

1.5.0

controlWrite, bulkWrite and interruptWrite now reject (with TypeError) numeric
values for data parameter.

Fix libusb1.REQUEST_TYPE_* names (were TYPE_*). Preserve backward
compatibility.

Add USBContext.getDeviceIterator method.

Rename USBContext.exit as USBContext.close for consistency with other USB*
classes. Preserve backward compatibility.

Make USBDeviceHandle.claimInterface a context manager, for easier interface
releasing.

1.5.1

Introduce USBPollerThread.stop .

Fix USBDeviceHandle.getSupportedLanguageList bug when running under python 3.
While fixing this bug it was realised that this method returned ctypes objects.
This was not intended, and it now returns regular integers.

1.5.2

Make USBTransfer.cancel raise specific error instances.

1.5.3

Fix USBTransfer.cancel exception raising introduced in 1.5.2: it was
accidentally becomming a bound method, preventing the raise to actually
happen (in at least CPython 2.x) or raising type conversion errors (in at least
CPython 3.5.2).

1.6

Improve asynchronous transfer performance: (very) suboptimal code was used to
initialise asynchronous transfer buffer. As a consequence, usb1 now exposes
bytearrays where it used to expose bytes or str objects.

Deprecate libusb1 module import, which should not be needed since all (?)
needed constants were re-bound to usb1 module.

Move testUSB1 module inside usb1, to eventually only expose usb1 as top-level
module.

1.6.1

Fix getSupportedLanguageList.

Fix and extend get{,ASCII}StringDescriptor .

Fix iterISO and getISOBufferList.

1.6.2

Fix getASCIIStringDescriptor: unlike getStringDescriptor, this returns only the
payload of the string descriptor, without its header.

1.6.3

Deprecate USBPollerThread . It is mileading users for which the simple version
(a thread calling USBContext.handleEvents) would be enough. And for more
advanced uses (ie, actually needing to poll non-libusb file descriptors), this
class only works reliably with epoll: kqueue (which should tehcnically work)
has a different API on python level, and poll (which has the same API as epoll
on python level) lacks the critical ability to change the set of monitored file
descriptors while a poll is already running, causing long pauses - if not
deadlocks.

1.6.4

Fix asynchronous control transfers.

1.6.5

Document hotplug handler limitations.

Run 2to3 when running setup.py with python3, and reduce differences with
python3.

Properly cast libusb_set_pollfd_notifiers arguments.
Fix null pointer value: POINTER(None) is the type of a pointer which may be a
null pointer, which falls back to c_void_p. But c_void_p() is an actual null
pointer.

1.6.6

Expose bare string descriptors (aka string indexes) on USBDevice.

1.6.7

get{,ASCII}StringDescriptor now return None for descriptor 0 instead of raising
UnicodeDecodeError. Use getSupportedLanguageList to access it.
Moved getManufacturer, getProduct and getSerialNumber to USBDeviceHandle. Kept
shortcuts for these on USBDevice.

1.7

get{,ASCII}StringDescriptor now return None for descriptor 0, use
getSupportedLanguageList to get its content.
getManufacturer, getProduct and getSerialNumber are now on USBDeviceHandle,
with backward-compatibility aliases on their original location.
Synchronous bulk and interrupt API exposes number of bytes sent and received
bytes even when a timeout occurs.

1.7.1

usb1.version is now present, managed by versioneer.
Fix an occasional segfault when closing a transfer from inside its callback
function.

… _CPython: http://www.python.org/

… _pypy: http://pypy.org/

… _Cygwin: https://www.cygwin.com/

… _MacPorts: https://www.macports.org/

… _Fink: http://www.finkproject.org/

… _Homebrew: http://brew.sh/

… _libusb-1.0: https://github.com/libusb/libusb/wiki/

… _libusb1.0 documentation: http://libusb.sourceforge.net/api-1.0/

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