Skype for Business Server 中的中介服務器組件Mediation Server component in Skype for Business Server

2021/3/24

本文內容

了解 Skype for Business Server 中的中介服務器，包括其支持的拓撲及其與 M：N 中繼、媒體旁路和呼叫允許控制的關系。Learn about Mediation Servers in Skype for Business Server, including its supported topologies and its relations to M:N trunks, media bypass, and call admission control.

若要部署企業語音，必須部署一個或多個中介服務器。To deploy Enterprise Voice, you must deploy one or more Mediation Servers.

中介服務器轉換內部 企業語音 基礎結構與公用電話交換網 (PSTN) 網關或會話初始協議 (SIP) 中繼之間的信號。The Mediation Server translates signaling between your internal Enterprise Voice infrastructure and a public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway or a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) trunk. 在某些部署中，它還在這些點之間轉換媒體本身。In some deployments, it also translates the media itself between these points.

在 Skype for Business Server 端，中介服務器偵聽單個相互 TLS (MTLS) 地址。On the Skype for Business Server side, Mediation Server listens on a single mutual TLS (MTLS) transport address. 在網關端，中介服務器偵聽與中繼關聯的所有關聯的偵聽端口。On the gateway side, Mediation Server listens on all associated listening ports associated with trunks. 所有合格網關必須支持 TLS，但也可以啟用 TCP。All qualified gateways must support TLS, but can enable TCP as well. 不支持 TLS 的網關將支持 TCP。TCP is supported for gateways that do not support TLS.

如果環境中還有現有的公用交換機 (PBX) ，中介服務器將處理 企業語音 用戶與 PBX 之間的呼叫。If you also have an existing Public Branch Exchange (PBX) in your environment, Mediation Server handles calls between Enterprise Voice users and the PBX. 如果您的 PBX 是 IP-PBX，您可以在 PBX 和中介服務器之間創建直接 SIP 連接。If your PBX is an IP-PBX, you can create a direct SIP connection between the PBX and Mediation Server. 如果您的 PBX 是 TDM 的時分多路 (PBX) ，則還必須在中介服務器和 PBX 之間部署 PSTN 網關。If your PBX is a Time Division Multiplex (TDM) PBX, you must also deploy a PSTN gateway between Mediation Server and the PBX.

默認情況下，中介服務器與前端服務器并排。The Mediation Server is collocated with the Front End Server by default. 中介服務器還可以部署在獨立池中。The Mediation Server can also be deployed in a stand-alone pool.

中介服務器執行哪些操作What Mediation Server Does

中介服務器的主要功能如下：The main functions of the Mediation Server are as follows:

加密和解密 Skype for Business Server 端上的 SRTP。Encrypting and decrypting SRTP on the Skype for Business Server side.

將不支持 TLS (TCP 上的 SIP 轉換) 通過相互 TLS 轉換為 SIP。Translating SIP over TCP (for gateways that do not support TLS) to SIP over mutual TLS.

轉換 Skype for Business Server 與中介服務器的對等網關之間的媒體流。Translating media streams between Skype for Business Server and the gateway peer of the Mediation Server.

將網絡外部的客戶端連接到內部 ICE 組件，使媒體可以遍歷 NAT 和防火墻。Connecting clients that are outside the network to internal ICE components, which enable media traversal of NAT and firewalls.

充當網關不支持的呼叫流的中介，例如來自遠程工作者的呼叫企業語音 clien.tActing as an intermediary for call flows that a gateway does not support, such as calls from remote workers on an Enterprise Voice clien.t

在包含 SIP 中繼的部署中，與 SIP 中繼服務提供商合作以提供 PSTN 支持，這樣就無需 PSTN 網關。In deployments that include SIP trunking, working with the SIP trunking service provider to provide PSTN support, which eliminates the need for a PSTN gateway.

下圖顯示了中介服務器在與基本 PSTN 網關和基礎結構通信時所使用的信號和媒體企業語音協議。The following figure shows the signaling and media protocols that are used by the Mediation Server when communicating with a basic PSTN gateway and the Enterprise Voice infrastructure.

中介服務器使用的信號和媒體協議Signaling and media protocols used by the Mediation Server

備注

如果在 PSTN 網關和中介服務器之間的網絡上使用 TCP 或 RTP/RTCP (而不是 SRTP 或 SRTCP) ，我們建議您采取措施來幫助確保網絡的安全性和隱私性。If you are using TCP or RTP/RTCP (instead of SRTP or SRTCP) on the network between the PSTN gateway and the Mediation Server, we recommend that you take measures to help ensure the security and privacy of the network.

M:N 中繼M:N trunk

Skype for Business Server 支持靈活定義中繼以便進行呼叫路由。Skype for Business Server supports flexibility in the definition of a trunk for call routing purposes. 中繼是中介服務器和偵聽端口號之間的邏輯關聯，具有網關和偵聽端口號。A trunk is a logical association between a Mediation Server and listening port number, with a gateway and a listening port number. 這意味著有幾個方面：中介服務器可以有多個中繼到同一網關;中介服務器可以有多個到不同網關的中繼;相反，網關可以有多個到不同中介服務器的中繼。This implies several things: A Mediation Server can have multiple trunks to the same gateway; a Mediation Server can have multiple trunks to different gateways; conversely a gateway can have multiple trunks to different Mediation Servers.

使用拓撲生成器將網關添加到 Skype for Business 拓撲時，仍必須創建根中繼。You must still create a root trunk when you add a gateway to your Skype for Business topology using Topology Builder. 給定中介服務器可以處理的網關數取決于服務器在高峰忙碌時段的處理能力。The number of gateways that a given Mediation Server can handle depends on the processing capacity of the server during peak busy hours. 如果在滿足 Skype for Business Server 最低硬件要求的硬件上部署中介服務器(如 Server requirements for Skype for Business Server 2015中所述，則獨立的中介服務器可以處理大約 1000 個呼叫。If you deploy a Mediation Server on hardware that meets the minimum hardware requirements for Skype for Business Server, as described in Server requirements for Skype for Business Server 2015, then a stand-alone Mediation Server can handle approximately 1000 calls. 中介服務器執行代碼轉換，但仍為多個網關路由呼叫，即使這些網關不支持媒體旁路。The Mediation Server is performs transcoding, but still route calls for multiple gateways even if the gateways do not support media bypass.

定義呼叫路由時，指定與該路由關聯的中繼，但不指定與該路由關聯的中介服務器。When defining a call route, you specify the trunks associated with that route, but you do not specify which Mediation Servers are associated with that route. 而是使用拓撲生成器將中繼與中介服務器關聯。Instead, you use Topology Builder to associate trunks with Mediation Servers. 換句話說，路由確定用于呼叫的中繼，隨后會向與該中繼關聯的中介服務器發送該呼叫的信號。In other words, routing determines which trunk to use for a call, and, subsequently, the Mediation Server associated with that trunk is sent the signaling for that call.

中介服務器可以部署為池;此池可以與前端池并排，也可以部署為獨立池。The Mediation Server can be deployed as a pool; this pool can be collocated with a Front End pool, or it can be deployed as a stand-alone pool. 當中介服務器與前端池并并時，池大小可能最多為 12 (注冊器池大小限制) 。When a Mediation Server is collocated with a Front End pool, the pool size can be at most 12 (the limit of the Registrar pool size). 綜合起來，這些功能提高了中介服務器的可靠性和部署靈活性，但它們需要以下類似功能：Taken together, these capabilities increase the reliability and deployment flexibility for Mediation Servers, but they require similar capabilities in the following:

PSTN 網關。PSTN gateway. Skype for Business Server 合格網關必須實現 DNS 負載平衡，這使合格的公用電話交換網 (PSTN) 網關可以充當中介服務器池的負載平衡器，從而在池中對呼叫進行負載平衡。A Skype for Business Server qualified gateway must implement DNS load balancing, which enables a qualified public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway to act as a load balancer for one pool of Mediation Servers, and thereby to load-balance calls across the pool.

會話邊界控制器。Session Border Controller. 對于 SIP 中繼，對等實體是 Internet 電話服務提供商 (SBC) 會話邊界控制器。For a SIP trunk, the peer entity is a Session Border Controller (SBC) at an Internet telephony service provider. 在從中介服務器池到 SBC 的方向中，SBC 可以從該池中的任何中介服務器接收連接。In the direction from the Mediation Server pool to the SBC, the SBC can receive connections from any Mediation Server in the pool. 在從 SBC 到池的方向中，可以將流量發送到池中的任何中介服務器。In the direction from the SBC to the pool, traffic can be sent to any Mediation Server in the pool. 實現此目的的一個方法是通過 DNS 負載平衡(如果服務提供商和 SBC 支持)。One method of achieving this is through DNS load balancing, if supported by the service provider and SBC. 另一種選擇是向服務提供商提供池中所有中介服務器的 IP 地址，服務提供商會在每個中介服務器的 SBC 中將 IP 地址作為單獨的 SIP 中繼進行設置。An alternative is to give the service provider the IP addresses of all Mediation Servers in the pool, and the service provider will provision these in their SBC as a separate SIP trunk for each Mediation Server. 然后，服務提供商將處理其自己的服務器的負載平衡。The service provider will then handle the load balancing for its own servers. 并非所有服務提供商或 SDC 都支持這些功能。Not all service providers or SBCs may support these capabilities. 此外，服務提供商可能需要為此功能收取額外的費用。Furthermore, the service provider may charge extra for this capability. 通常，每個到 SBC 的 SIP 中繼都產生每月費用。Typically, each SIP trunk to the SBC incurs a monthly fee.

IP-PBX。IP-PBX. 在從中介服務器池到 IP-PBX SIP 終止的方向中，IP-PBX 可以接收來自池中任何中介服務器的連接。In the direction from the Mediation Server pool to the IP-PBX SIP termination, the IP-PBX can receive connections from any Mediation Server in the pool. 在從 IP-PBX 到池的方向中，可以將流量發送到池中的任何中介服務器。In the direction from the IP-PBX to the pool, traffic can be sent to any Mediation Server in the pool. 由于大多數IP-PBXs都不支持 DNS 負載平衡，因此建議將單個直接 SIP 連接從 IP-PBX 定義到池中的每個中介服務器。Because most IP-PBXs do not support DNS load balancing, we recommend that individual direct SIP connections be defined from the IP-PBX to each Mediation Server in the pool. 然后，IP-PBX 會通過通過中繼組分布流量來處理自己的負載平衡。The IP-PBX will then handle its own load balancing by distributing traffic over the trunk group. 假定中繼組在 IP-PBX 上具有一組一致的路由規則。The assumption is that the trunk group has a consistent set of routing rules at the IP-PBX. 特定 IP-PBX 是否支持此中繼組概念及其如何與 IP-PBX 自己的冗余和群集體系結構相交，需要先確定，然后才能決定中介服務器群集能否與 IP-PBX 正確交互。Whether a particular IP-PBX supports this trunk group concept and how it intersects with the IP-PBX's own redundancy and clustering architecture needs to be determined before you can decide whether a Mediation Server cluster can interact correctly with an IP-PBX.

中介服務器池必須具有與之交互的對等網關的統一視圖。A Mediation Server pool must have a uniform view of the peer gateway with which it interacts. 這意味著，池的所有成員都從配置存儲訪問對等網關的相同定義，并同樣有可能與對等網關進行交互進行傳出呼叫。This means that all members of the pool access the same definition of the peer gateway from the configuration store and are equally likely to interact with it for outgoing calls. 因此，無法對池進行分段，以便某些中介服務器僅與某些網關對等方進行通信進行傳出呼叫。Therefore, there is no way to segment the pool so that some Mediation Servers communicate with only certain gateway peers for outgoing calls. 如果需要這種分段，則必須使用單獨的中介服務器池。If such segmentation is necessary, a separate pool of Mediation Servers must be used. 例如，如果 PSTN 網關、SIP 中繼或 IP-PBXs 中不存在本主題前面詳述的與池交互的關聯功能，則就是這種情況。This would be the case, for example, if the associated capabilities in PSTN gateways, SIP trunks, or IP-PBXs to interact with a pool as detailed earlier in this topic are not present.

特定的 PSTN 網關、IP-PBX 或 SIP 中繼對等方可以路由到多個中介服務器或中繼。A particular PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, or SIP trunk peer can route to multiple Mediation Servers or trunks. 特定中介服務器池可以控制的網關數取決于使用媒體旁路的呼叫數。The number of gateways that a particular pool of Mediation Servers can control depends on the number of calls that use media bypass. 如果大量呼叫使用媒體旁路，則池中的中介服務器可以處理更多的呼叫，因為只需處理信號層。If a large number of calls use media bypass, a Mediation Server in the pool can handle many more calls, because only signaling layer processing is necessary.

呼叫允許控制和中介服務器Call Admission Control and Mediation Server

呼叫允許控制 (CAC) ，根據可用帶寬管理實時會話建立，以幫助防止出現占用網絡的用戶的用戶體驗質量差 (QoE) 。Call admission control (CAC), manages real-time session establishment, based on available bandwidth, to help prevent poor Quality of Experience (QoE) for users on congested networks. 為了支持這一點，中介服務器負責對 Skype for Business Server 端和網關端上的兩次交互進行帶寬管理。To support this, the Mediation Server is responsible for bandwidth management for its two interactions on the Skype for Business Server side and on the gateway side. 在呼叫允許控制中，呼叫的端接實體處理帶寬預留。In call admission control, the terminating entity for a call handles the bandwidth reservation. 中介服務器 (PSTN 網關、IP-PBX、SBC) 的對等網關不支持 Skype for Business Server 呼叫允許控制。The gateway peers (PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, SBC) that the Mediation Server interacts with on the gateway side do not support Skype for Business Server call admission control. 因此，中介服務器必須代表其對等網關處理帶寬交互。Thus, the Mediation Server has to handle bandwidth interactions on behalf of its gateway peer. 如果可能，中介服務器將提前預留帶寬。Whenever possible, the Mediation Server will reserve bandwidth in advance. 如果不可能(例如，如果網關端的最終媒體終結點位置對于發往對等網關的傳出呼叫是未知的)，則會在發出呼叫時預留帶寬。If that is not possible (for example, if the locality of the ultimate media endpoint on the gateway side is unknown for an outgoing call to the gateway peer), bandwidth is reserved when the call is placed. 此行為可能導致帶寬訂閱過度，但這是防止錯誤響鈴的唯一方法。This behavior can result in oversubscription of bandwidth, but it is the only way to prevent false rings.

媒體旁路和帶寬預留相互排斥。Media bypass and bandwidth reservation are mutually exclusive. 如果對呼叫使用媒體旁路，則不針對該呼叫執行呼叫允許控制。If media bypass is employed for a call, call admission control is not performed for that call. 此處假定前提是此次呼叫不涉及具有限定帶寬的鏈接。The assumption here is that there are no links with constrained bandwidth involved in the call. 如果呼叫允許控制用于涉及中介服務器的特定呼叫，則該呼叫不能使用媒體旁路。If call admission control is used for a particular call that involves the Mediation Server, that call cannot employ media bypass.

增強型 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) 和中介服務器Enhanced 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) and Mediation Server

中介服務器擴展了某些功能，從而可以正確地與增強型 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) 服務提供商進行交互。The Mediation Server has extended capabilities so that it can correctly interact with Enhanced 9-1-1 (E9-1-1) service providers. 中介服務器上不需要任何特殊配置。No special configuration is needed on the Mediation Server. 默認情況下，E9-1-1 交互所需的 SIP 擴展包括在中介服務器的 SIP 協議中，用于與對等網關 (PSTN 網關、IP-PBX 或 Internet 電話服務提供商的 SBC(包括 E9-1-1 服務提供商))The SIP extensions required for E9-1-1 interaction are, by default, included in the Mediation Server's SIP protocol for its interactions with a gateway peer (PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, or the SBC of an Internet Telephony Service Provider, including E9-1-1 Service Providers)

到 E9-1-1 服務提供商的 SIP 中繼是可以在現有中介服務器池上終止，還是需要獨立的中介服務器將取決于 E9-1-1 SBC 能否與中介服務器池進行交互。Whether the SIP trunk to an E9-1-1 Service Provider can be terminated on an existing Mediation Server pool or will require stand-alone Mediation Servers will depend on whether the E9-1-1 SBC can interact with a pool of Mediation Servers.

媒體旁路和中介服務器Media bypass and Mediation Server

媒體旁路是 Skype for Business Server 的一項功能，它使管理員能夠將呼叫路由配置為直接在用戶終結點與公用電話交換網 (PSTN) 網關之間流動，而無需遍歷中介服務器。Media bypass is a Skype for Business Server capability that enables an administrator to configure call routing to flow directly between the user endpoint and the public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway without traversing the Mediation Server. 媒體旁路功能通過減少延遲、不必要的轉換、可能的數據包丟失和潛在的故障點數來改進呼叫質量。Media bypass improves call quality by reducing latency, unnecessary translation, possibility of packet loss, and the number of potential points of failure. 在沒有中介服務器的遠程站點通過具有限定帶寬的一個或多個 WAN 鏈路連接到中央站點的情況下，媒體旁路功能通過使來自遠程站點的客戶端的媒體直接流動到其本地網關來降低帶寬要求，而不必首先通過 WAN 鏈路流至中央站點上的中介服務器并流回。媒體處理的減少還補充了中介服務器控制多個網關的能力。Where a remote site without a Mediation Server is connected to a central site by one or more WAN links with constrained bandwidth, media bypass lowers the bandwidth requirement by enabling media from a client at a remote site to flow directly to its local gateway without first having to flow across the WAN link to a Mediation Server at the central site and back.This reduction in media processing also complements the Mediation Server's ability to control multiple gateways.

媒體旁路功能和呼叫允許控制 (CAC) 相互排斥。如果某次呼叫使用媒體旁路功能，則不會為此次呼叫執行 CAC。假定前提是此次呼叫不涉及具有限定帶寬的鏈接。Media bypass and call admission control (CAC) are mutually exclusive. If media bypass is employed for a call, CAC is not performed for that call. The assumption is that there are no links with constrained bandwidth involved in the call.

中介服務器的拓撲Topologies for Mediation Server

默認情況下，Skype for Business Server、中介服務器與 Standard Edition Server、前端池或 Survivable Branch Appliance 并并。The Skype for Business Server, Mediation Server is by default collocated with Standard Edition server, a Front End pool, or Survivable Branch Appliance. 前端池中的所有中介服務器必須配置相同。All Mediation Servers in a Front End pool must be configured identically.

如果性能問題，最好在專用獨立池中部署一臺或多臺中介服務器。Where performance is an issue, it may be preferable to deploy one or more Mediation Servers in a dedicated stand-alone pool. 如果要部署 SIP 中繼，我們強烈建議使用獨立的池。We definitely recommend a stand-alone pool if you are deploying SIP trunking.

如果將直接 SIP 連接部署到支持媒體旁路和 DNS 負載平衡的合格 PSTN 網關，則不需要獨立的中介服務器池。If you deploy Direct SIP connections to a qualified PSTN gateway that supports media bypass and DNS load balancing, a stand-alone Mediation Server pool is not necessary. 這是因為合格的網關能夠將 DNS 負載平衡到中介服務器池，并且它們可以接收來自池中任何中介服務器的流量。This is because qualified gateways are capable of DNS load balancing to a pool of Mediation Servers and they can receive traffic from any Mediation Server in a pool.

我們還建議您在部署 IP-PBXs 或連接到 Internet 電話服務提供商的會話邊界控制器 (SBC) (只要滿足以下任一條件)時，就將中介服務器并排在前端池上：We also recommend that you collocate the Mediation Server on a Front End pool when you have deployed IP-PBXs or connect to an Internet Telephony Server Provider's Session Border Controller (SBC), as long as any of the following conditions are met:

IP-PBX 或 SBC 已配置為接收來自池中的任何中介服務器的通信，并且可將通信統一路由到池中的所有中介服務器。The IP-PBX or SBC is configured to receive traffic from any Mediation Server in the pool and can route traffic uniformly to all Mediation Servers in the pool.

IP-PBX 不支持媒體旁路，但承載中介服務器的前端池可以處理不適用媒體旁路的呼叫的語音轉碼。The IP-PBX does not support media bypass, but the Front End pool that is hosting the Mediation Server can handle voice transcoding for calls to which media bypass does not apply.

可以使用 Microsoft Lync Server 2013 規劃工具評估要并并中介服務器的前端池是否可以處理負載。You can use the Microsoft Lync Server 2013, Planning Tool to evaluate whether the Front End pool where you want to collocate the Mediation Server can handle the load. 如果您的環境不能滿足這些要求，則必須部署獨立的中介服務器池。If your environment cannot meet these requirements, then you must deploy a stand-alone Mediation Server pool.

下圖顯示了由通過 WAN 鏈路連接的兩個站點組成的簡單拓撲。The following figure shows a simple topology consisting of two sites connected by a WAN link. 中介服務器并位于站點 1 的前端池上。Mediation Server is collocated on a Front End pool at Site 1. 站點 1 的中介服務器控制站點 1 的 PSTN 網關和站點 2 的網關。The Mediation Servers at Site 1 controls both the PSTN gateway at Site 1 and the gateway at Site 2. 在此拓撲中，已在全局范圍內啟用媒體旁路以使用站點和區域信息，并且到每個 PSTN 網關(GW1 和 GW2)的中繼都已啟用旁路。In this topology, media bypass is enabled globally to use site and region information, and the trunks to each PSTN gateway (GW1 and GW2) have bypass enabled.

通過 WAN 鏈路與站點 1 的中介服務器和站點 2 的 PSTN 網關相連接的站點示例Example of sites connected by a WAN link with a Mediation Server at Site 1 and a PSTN gateway at Site 2

下圖顯示了一個簡單的拓撲，其中中介服務器并位于站點 1 的前端池上，并且具有與站點 1 的 IP-PBX 的直接 SIP 連接。The next figure shows a simple topology where Mediation Server is collocated on Front End pool at Site 1 and has a Direct SIP connection to the IP-PBX at Site 1. 在此圖中，中介服務器還控制站點 2 的 PSTN 網關。In this figure, the Mediation Server also controls a PSTN gateway at Site 2. 假設 Skype for Business 用戶同時存在于站點 1 和站點 2 中。Assume that Skype for Business users exist at both Sites 1 and 2. 還假定 IP-PBX 具有一個關聯的媒體處理器，在發送到由 IP-PBX 控制的媒體終結點之前，來自 Skype for Business 終結點的所有媒體必須遍歷該處理器。Also assume that the IP-PBX has an associated media processor that must be traversed by all media originating from Skype for Business endpoints before being sent to media endpoints controlled by the IP-PBX. 在此拓撲中，已在全局范圍內啟用媒體旁路以使用站點和區域信息，并且到 PBX 和 PSTN 網關的中繼已啟用媒體旁路。In this topology, media bypass is enabled globally to use site and region information, and the trunks to the PBX and PSTN gateway have media bypass enabled.

通過 WAN 鏈路與站點 1 的中介服務器和站點 2 的 PBX 相連接的站點的示例Example of sites connected by a WAN link with a Mediation Server at Site 1 and a PBX at Site 2

本主題中的最后一個圖顯示了中介服務器連接到 Internet 電話服務提供商的 SBC 的拓撲。The last figure in this topic shows a topology where the Mediation Server is connected to the SBC of an Internet Telephony Service Provider.

規劃中介服務器的決策Planning decisions for Mediation Server

本主題介紹為中介服務器部署需要做出的計劃決策，This topic describes planning decisions you need to make for your Mediation Server deployment,

并站中介服務器還是獨立中介服務器？Collocated or Stand-alone Mediation Server?

默認情況下，在中央站點上的 Standard Edition Server 或前端池中的前端服務器上并置中介服務器。Mediation Server is by default collocated on the Standard Edition server or Front End Server in a Front End pool at central sites. 可處理的公用電話交換網 (PSTN) 呼叫數，池中所需的計算機數取決于以下各項：The number of public switched telephone network (PSTN) calls that can be handled and the number of machines required in the pool will depend on the following:

中介服務器池控制對等網關的數量The number of gateway peers that the Mediation Server pool controls

通過這些網關的高流量時段The high-volume traffic periods through those gateways

媒體繞過中介服務器的呼叫所占的百分比The percentage of calls that are calls whose media bypass the Mediation Server

規劃時，請務必考慮未針對媒體旁路配置的 PSTN 呼叫和 A/V 會議的媒體處理要求，以及處理需要支持的忙時呼叫數的信號交互所需的處理。When planning, be sure to take into account the media processing requirements for PSTN calls and A/V conferences that are not configured for media bypass, as well as the processing needed to handle signaling interactions for the number of busy-hour calls that need to be supported. 如果沒有足夠的 CPU，則必須部署獨立的中介服務器池;PSTN 網關、IP-PBX 和 SDC 需要拆分為子集，這些子集由一個池中的并站中介服務器和一個或多個獨立池中獨立的中介服務器控制。If there is not enough CPU, then you must deploy a stand-alone pool of Mediation Servers; and PSTN gateways, IP-PBXs, and SBCs will need to be split into subsets that are controlled by the collocated Mediation Servers in one pool and the stand-alone Mediation Servers in one or more stand-alone pools.

如果部署的 PSTN 網關、IP-PBX 或會話邊界控制器 (SDC) 不支持與中介服務器池交互的正確功能，包括以下這些，則需要將其與由單個中介服務器組成的獨立池關聯：If you deployed PSTN gateways, IP-PBXs, or Session Border Controllers (SBCs) that do not support the correct capabilities to interact with a pool of Mediation Servers, including the following, then they will need to be associated with a stand-alone pool consisting of a single Mediation Server:

在池 (中的中介服務器之間執行域名系統 (DNS) 負載平衡，或者將流量統一路由到池中所有中介服務器)Perform network layer Domain Name System (DNS) load balancing across Mediation Servers in a pool (or otherwise route traffic uniformly to all Mediation Servers in a pool)

接受來自池中任意中介服務器的流量Accept traffic from any Mediation Server in a pool

可以使用 Microsoft Lync Server 2013 規劃工具評估將中介服務器與前端池并排是否可以處理負載。You can use the Microsoft Lync Server 2013, Planning Tool to evaluate whether collocating the Mediation Server with your Front End pool can handle the load. 如果您的環境不能滿足這些要求，則必須部署獨立的中介服務器池。If your environment cannot meet these requirements, then you must deploy a stand-alone Mediation Server pool.

中央站點和分支站點注意事項Central Site and Branch Site Considerations

中央站點的中介服務器可用于為分支站點的 IP-PBX 或 PSTN 網關路由呼叫。Mediation Servers at the central site can be used to route calls for IP-PBXs or PSTN gateways at branch sites. 但是，如果部署 SIP 中繼，則必須在每個中繼終止的站點上部署一臺中介服務器。If you deploy SIP trunks, however, you must deploy a Mediation Server at the site where each trunk terminates. 使用中央站點的中介服務器為分支站點的 IP-PBX 或 PSTN 網關路由呼叫時，不需要使用媒體繞過。Having a Mediation Server at the central site route calls for an IP-PBX or PSTN gateway at a branch site does not require the use of media bypass. 但是，如果可以啟用媒體旁路，這樣做將減少媒體路徑延遲并提高媒體質量，因為媒體路徑不再需要遵循信號路徑。However, if you can enable media bypass, doing so will reduce media path latency and improve the media quality because the media path is no longer required to follow the signaling path. 媒體旁路還可以降低池上的處理負載。Media bypass also decreases the processing load on the pool.

備注

媒體繞過將不會與每個 PSTN 網關、IP-PBX 和 SBC 進行交互操作。Media bypass will not interoperate with every PSTN gateway, IP-PBX, and SBC. Microsoft 已經與認證合作伙伴一起測試了一組 PSTN 網關和 SDC，并且已經使用 Cisco IP-PBX 進行了一些測試。Microsoft has tested a set of PSTN gateways and SBCs with certified partners and has done some testing with Cisco IP-PBXs. 只有統一通信開放式互操作性計劃 - Lync Server 中列出的產品和版本才支持 媒體旁路。Media bypass is supported only with products and versions listed at Unified Communications Open Interoperability Program - Lync Server.

如果要求具有分支站點恢復能力，則必須在分支站點部署 Survivable Branch Appliance 或部署前端服務器、中介服務器和網關的組合。If branch site resiliency is required, a Survivable Branch Appliance or combination of a Front End Server, a Mediation Server, and a gateway must be deployed at the branch site. (分支站點恢復能力的假設是，狀態和會議在站點中無法恢復。) 有關分支站點語音規劃的指導，請參閱 Plan for 企業語音 resiliency in Skype for Business Server。(The assumption with branch site resiliency is that presence and conferencing are not resilient at the site.) For guidance on branch site planning for voice, see Plan for Enterprise Voice resiliency in Skype for Business Server.

對于與 IP-PBX 的交互，如果 IP-PBX 無法正確支持與多個早期對話的早期媒體交互和 RFC 3960 交互，則對于從 IP-PBX 到 Skype for Business 終結點的傳入呼叫，可能會截斷問候語的前幾個單詞。For interactions with an IP-PBX, if the IP-PBX does not correctly support early media interactions with multiple early dialogs and RFC 3960 interactions, there can be clipping of the first few words of the greeting for incoming calls from the IP-PBX to Skype for Business endpoints. 如果中央站點上的中介服務器為 IP-PBX 路由呼叫，其中路由終止于分支站點，則此問題可能更嚴重，因為完成信號需要更多時間。This issue can be more severe if a Mediation Server at a central site is routing calls for an IP-PBX where the route terminates at a branch site, because more time is needed for signaling to complete. 如果遇到此行為，在分支站點部署中介服務器是減少截斷前幾個單詞的唯一方法。If you experience this behavior, deploying a Mediation Server at the branch site is the only way to reduce clipping of the first few words.

最后，如果中央站點具有 TDM PBX，或者 IP-PBX 仍然需要 PSTN 網關，則必須在連接中介服務器和 PBX 的呼叫路由上部署網關。Finally, if your central site has a TDM PBX, or if your IP-PBX does not eliminate the need for a PSTN gateway, then you must deploy a gateway on the call route connecting Mediation Server and the PBX.

備注

若要提高獨立中介服務器的媒體性能，您應在這些服務器上網絡適配器 (RSS) 啟用接收端縮放。To improve the media performance of standalone Mediation Server, you should enable receive-side scaling (RSS) on the network adapters on these servers. 通過啟用 RSS，服務器上的多個處理器能夠以并行方式處理傳入數據包。RSS enables incoming packets to be handled in parallel by multiple processors on the server. 若要詳細了解如何啟用 RSS，請參閱網絡適配器文檔。For details about how to enable RSS, see your network adapter documentation.

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