APO概念[@more@]

SAP (APO)是mySAP SCM?解決方法中的非常重要的計(jì)劃類組件。

APO是advanced planner and optimizer(高級(jí)計(jì)劃優(yōu)化器)的縮寫。

它是SAP產(chǎn)品中最大的組件之一。?APO是整套的用于提高供應(yīng)鏈，供應(yīng)預(yù)測，計(jì)劃，優(yōu)化的整體知識(shí)的供應(yīng)鏈計(jì)劃應(yīng)用。

SAP APO包括了八個(gè)等級(jí)，分別是

network design（網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)）,

supply network planning（供應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)劃）,

demand planning（需求計(jì)劃）,

production planning and detailed scheduling（生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃和詳細(xì)調(diào)度）,

transportation planning?（運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃）and vehicle scheduling（運(yùn)輸調(diào)度）,

global availability and supply chain collaboration（全球可用性和供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)作）。

SAP APO系統(tǒng)包含的主要的模塊有：

　　Supply Chain Cockpit?供應(yīng)鏈主控室

　　Demand Planning?需求計(jì)劃

　　Supply Network Planning?供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)劃

　　Global ATP(Available To Promise)?全局ATP

　　Transport Planning/ Vehicle Scheduling?運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃/運(yùn)輸工具調(diào)度

　　Service Parts Planning?服務(wù)部件計(jì)劃

　　Production Plan/ Detailed Scheduling(PP/DS)?生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃/?詳細(xì)調(diào)度

SAP APO其實(shí)不是一個(gè)單獨(dú)可以運(yùn)行的程序，它實(shí)際是需要ERP系統(tǒng)的后臺(tái)支持，比方說在SAP R/3中執(zhí)行。SAP R/3?通過可以實(shí)時(shí)支持主數(shù)據(jù)(master data)和交易數(shù)據(jù)(transaction data)?的APO Core Interface中心接口和APO系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行通信。

這種基于SAP R/3?后臺(tái)的和APO的實(shí)時(shí)通信，以及所有和生產(chǎn)，銷售，供應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)都可以不經(jīng)過任何批處理直接快捷的從一個(gè)系統(tǒng)傳遞到另外一個(gè)系統(tǒng)。

APO應(yīng)該是R/3里面的計(jì)劃的高級(jí)形態(tài)，一般來說，APO和R/3(或是ECC）都是獨(dú)立的系統(tǒng)，系統(tǒng)之間通過CIF通信，APO的大部分基本數(shù)據(jù)都由CIF傳過來的，而且是單向的，以保證數(shù)據(jù)的一致性。在APO里，以R/3(或ECC）傳過來的數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)之上，又會(huì)增加許多APO獨(dú)有的參數(shù)，以支持在APO里面的高級(jí)的計(jì)劃功能。所有的計(jì)劃出來的結(jié)果，又會(huì)實(shí)時(shí)地傳回到R/3(ECC)里面。既APO僅僅是一個(gè)功能詳細(xì)強(qiáng)大的計(jì)劃工具，計(jì)劃的結(jié)果還是要在R/3(ECC)里面處理。

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As it relates to Master Data there will potentially be three types of master data:

.?Master data for supply planning in SNP or PP/DS?such as?BOMs, routing,?material masters?and?resources?necessary for creating supply plans. This data?is transferred to SAP SCM by the?CIF interface.

.?BW master data: required data related to characteristics such as sold-to?party, sales organization, divisions and so on, for example texts, attributes?and hierarchies. This data is extracted by programs in BW and appears in?tables within the BW system in SAP SCM.

.?Demand Planning master data: Master data specifically for Demand?Planning, called?characteristic value combinations. This data is created in?SAP SCM Demand Planning and stored in the Planning Object Structure.

There are four different types of movement data:
? OLTP orders: current planning data from your ECC system such as sales orders, stock, production/purchase orders. This data uses the CIF interface to populate SAP SCM.

? BW: historical aggregated transactional data on sales orders,
production/purchasing orders for forecasting or analysis. This data is
extracted by programs in BW and appears in InfoCubes within the BW
system in SAP SCM.

? SCM orders: planning results from SNP, PP/DS, DEPL and TP/VS. This data can be transferred to the performing OLTP systems by the CIF interface.

? SCM time series: planning results from SAP SCM Demand Planning.
These are saved in liveCache planning areas and can be released to SAP
SCM or OLTP systems as planned independent requirements. Orders and time series can also be periodically stored in InfoCubes in SAP SCM.

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