APO概念[@more@]

SAP (APO)是mySAP SCM?解決方法中的非常重要的計劃類組件。

APO是advanced planner and optimizer(高級計劃優化器)的縮寫。

它是SAP產品中最大的組件之一。?APO是整套的用于提高供應鏈，供應預測，計劃，優化的整體知識的供應鏈計劃應用。

SAP APO包括了八個等級，分別是

network design（網絡設計）,

supply network planning（供應網絡計劃）,

demand planning（需求計劃）,

production planning and detailed scheduling（生產計劃和詳細調度）,

transportation planning?（運輸計劃）and vehicle scheduling（運輸調度）,

global availability and supply chain collaboration（全球可用性和供應鏈協作）。

SAP APO系統包含的主要的模塊有：

　　Supply Chain Cockpit?供應鏈主控室

　　Demand Planning?需求計劃

　　Supply Network Planning?供應鏈網絡計劃

　　Global ATP(Available To Promise)?全局ATP

　　Transport Planning/ Vehicle Scheduling?運輸計劃/運輸工具調度

　　Service Parts Planning?服務部件計劃

　　Production Plan/ Detailed Scheduling(PP/DS)?生產計劃/?詳細調度

SAP APO其實不是一個單獨可以運行的程序，它實際是需要ERP系統的后臺支持，比方說在SAP R/3中執行。SAP R/3?通過可以實時支持主數據(master data)和交易數據(transaction data)?的APO Core Interface中心接口和APO系統進行通信。

這種基于SAP R/3?后臺的和APO的實時通信，以及所有和生產，銷售，供應的數據都可以不經過任何批處理直接快捷的從一個系統傳遞到另外一個系統。

APO應該是R/3里面的計劃的高級形態，一般來說，APO和R/3(或是ECC）都是獨立的系統，系統之間通過CIF通信，APO的大部分基本數據都由CIF傳過來的，而且是單向的，以保證數據的一致性。在APO里，以R/3(或ECC）傳過來的數據基礎之上，又會增加許多APO獨有的參數，以支持在APO里面的高級的計劃功能。所有的計劃出來的結果，又會實時地傳回到R/3(ECC)里面。既APO僅僅是一個功能詳細強大的計劃工具，計劃的結果還是要在R/3(ECC)里面處理。

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As it relates to Master Data there will potentially be three types of master data:

.?Master data for supply planning in SNP or PP/DS?such as?BOMs, routing,?material masters?and?resources?necessary for creating supply plans. This data?is transferred to SAP SCM by the?CIF interface.

.?BW master data: required data related to characteristics such as sold-to?party, sales organization, divisions and so on, for example texts, attributes?and hierarchies. This data is extracted by programs in BW and appears in?tables within the BW system in SAP SCM.

.?Demand Planning master data: Master data specifically for Demand?Planning, called?characteristic value combinations. This data is created in?SAP SCM Demand Planning and stored in the Planning Object Structure.

There are four different types of movement data:
? OLTP orders: current planning data from your ECC system such as sales orders, stock, production/purchase orders. This data uses the CIF interface to populate SAP SCM.

? BW: historical aggregated transactional data on sales orders,
production/purchasing orders for forecasting or analysis. This data is
extracted by programs in BW and appears in InfoCubes within the BW
system in SAP SCM.

? SCM orders: planning results from SNP, PP/DS, DEPL and TP/VS. This data can be transferred to the performing OLTP systems by the CIF interface.

? SCM time series: planning results from SAP SCM Demand Planning.
These are saved in liveCache planning areas and can be released to SAP
SCM or OLTP systems as planned independent requirements. Orders and time series can also be periodically stored in InfoCubes in SAP SCM.

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