委托概念
委托一直以來是一個比較不好理解的概念.如果從用途上思考的話,會好理解一些.如果要實現一個方法的重載,我們可以根據參數個數,及類型去區別.但參數個數與類型相同時,就不能用重載了.這時可用委托.
重載(OverLoad):
?1using?System;
?2using?System.Collections.Generic;
?3using?System.Text;
?4
?5namespace?DelegateSample1
?6{
?7????//定義委托方法
?8????delegate?decimal?CalculateBonus(decimal?sales);
?9
10????class?Employee?{?
11????????public?string?name;
12????????public?decimal?sales;
13????????public?decimal?bonus;
14????????public?CalculateBonus?getBonus;
15????}
16
17????class?Program
18????{
19????????static?decimal?standardBonus(decimal?sales)?{
20????????????return?sales?/?10;
21????????}
22
23????????static?void?Main(string[]?args)
24????????{
25????????????decimal?multiplier?=?2;
26????????????//命名委托
27????????????CalculateBonus?getBonus1?=?new?CalculateBonus(standardBonus);
28????????????//匿名委托
29????????????CalculateBonus?getBonus2?=?delegate(decimal?sales)
30????????????{
31????????????????return?(multiplier?+?sales?/?10);
32????????????};
33
34????????????Employee[]?staff?=?new?Employee[3];
35????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?staff.Length;?i++)
36????????????????staff[i]?=?new?Employee();
37
38????????????staff[0].name?=?"Mr?Apple";
39????????????staff[0].sales?=?1000;
40????????????staff[0].getBonus?=?getBonus1;
41
42????????????staff[1].name?=?"Ms?Banana";
43????????????staff[1].sales?=?500;
44????????????staff[1].getBonus?=?getBonus1;
45
46????????????staff[2].name?=?"Ms?Cheng";
47????????????staff[2].sales?=?800;
48????????????staff[2].getBonus?=?getBonus2;
49
50????????????foreach?(Employee?sta?in?staff)
51????????????????performBonusCalculate(sta);
52
53????????????foreach(Employee?sta?in?staff){
54????????????????Console.WriteLine("Name?:?{0}",sta.name);
55????????????????Console.WriteLine("Sales?:?{0}",?sta.sales);
56????????????????Console.WriteLine("Bonus?:?{0}",?sta.bonus);
57????????????????Console.WriteLine("----------------------");
58????????????}
59????????}
60
61????????public?static?void?performBonusCalculate(Employee?sta)?{
62????????????sta.bonus?=?sta.getBonus(sta.sales);
63????????}
64????}
65}
66
重載(OverLoad):
在.NET1.1下,我們定義重載:類中定義的方法可能有不同的版本,它具有如下的特征:
I.?????????? 方法名必須相同
II.???????? 參數列表必須不相同,與參數列表的順序無關
III.?????? 返回值類型可以不相同
覆寫(Override)
在.NET1.1下,對覆寫我們的定義是:子類中為滿足自己的需要來重復定義某個方法的不同實現,它具有如下特征:
I.?????????? 通過使用關鍵字Override來覆寫
II.???????? 只有虛方法和抽象方法直接可以被覆寫
III.?????? 相同的方法名
IV.?????? 相同的參數列表
V.???????? 相同的返回值類型
一個使用委托的示例程序:
?1using?System;
?2using?System.Collections.Generic;
?3using?System.Text;
?4
?5namespace?DelegateSample1
?6{
?7????//定義委托方法
?8????delegate?decimal?CalculateBonus(decimal?sales);
?9
10????class?Employee?{?
11????????public?string?name;
12????????public?decimal?sales;
13????????public?decimal?bonus;
14????????public?CalculateBonus?getBonus;
15????}
16
17????class?Program
18????{
19????????static?decimal?standardBonus(decimal?sales)?{
20????????????return?sales?/?10;
21????????}
22
23????????static?void?Main(string[]?args)
24????????{
25????????????decimal?multiplier?=?2;
26????????????//命名委托
27????????????CalculateBonus?getBonus1?=?new?CalculateBonus(standardBonus);
28????????????//匿名委托
29????????????CalculateBonus?getBonus2?=?delegate(decimal?sales)
30????????????{
31????????????????return?(multiplier?+?sales?/?10);
32????????????};
33
34????????????Employee[]?staff?=?new?Employee[3];
35????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?staff.Length;?i++)
36????????????????staff[i]?=?new?Employee();
37
38????????????staff[0].name?=?"Mr?Apple";
39????????????staff[0].sales?=?1000;
40????????????staff[0].getBonus?=?getBonus1;
41
42????????????staff[1].name?=?"Ms?Banana";
43????????????staff[1].sales?=?500;
44????????????staff[1].getBonus?=?getBonus1;
45
46????????????staff[2].name?=?"Ms?Cheng";
47????????????staff[2].sales?=?800;
48????????????staff[2].getBonus?=?getBonus2;
49
50????????????foreach?(Employee?sta?in?staff)
51????????????????performBonusCalculate(sta);
52
53????????????foreach(Employee?sta?in?staff){
54????????????????Console.WriteLine("Name?:?{0}",sta.name);
55????????????????Console.WriteLine("Sales?:?{0}",?sta.sales);
56????????????????Console.WriteLine("Bonus?:?{0}",?sta.bonus);
57????????????????Console.WriteLine("----------------------");
58????????????}
59????????}
60
61????????public?static?void?performBonusCalculate(Employee?sta)?{
62????????????sta.bonus?=?sta.getBonus(sta.sales);
63????????}
64????}
65}
66
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/coderdream/archive/2007/04/13/711754.html
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