一、bond的工作原理?

????所謂的bond就是將兩塊或兩塊以上網(wǎng)卡綁定同一個(gè)IP地址對(duì)外提供服務(wù)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡高可用。當(dāng)然，直接給兩塊網(wǎng)卡設(shè)置同一IP地址 是不可能的。通過bonding，虛擬一塊網(wǎng)卡對(duì)外提供連接， 物理網(wǎng)卡的被修改為相同的MAC地址。

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二、bond工作模式分類

?1）Mode 0 (balance-rr) 輪轉(zhuǎn)（Round-robin）策略：從頭到尾順序的在每一個(gè)slave 接口上面發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)包。本模式提供負(fù)載均衡和容錯(cuò)的能力?

2）Mode 1 (active-backup) 活動(dòng)-備份（主備）策略：在綁定中，只有一個(gè)slave被激活。 當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)活動(dòng)的slave接口失敗時(shí)才會(huì)激活其他slave。為了 避免交換機(jī)發(fā)生混亂此時(shí)綁定的MAC地址只有一個(gè)外部端口上可見?

3）Mode 3 (broadcast) 廣播策略：在所有的slave接口上傳送所有的報(bào)文。本模式提供 無容錯(cuò)能力。

三、實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟

1、為每個(gè)設(shè)備生成獨(dú)立的接口配置文件，關(guān)閉NetworkManager服務(wù)。?

chkconfig --level 3 NetworkManager off ??

2、添加網(wǎng)卡，配置靜態(tài)聯(lián)網(wǎng)(bond0)

[root@centos6?network-scripts]#?cat?ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 IPADDR=10.1.249.34 PRFIX=16 GATEWAY=10.1.249.254 DNS1=8.8.8.8 BONDING_OPTS="miimon=101?mode=0"?#如果mode=0則為輪轉(zhuǎn)模式，為1則為主備模式，為3則為廣播策略 [root@centos6?network-scripts]#?cat?ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 SLAVE=yes MASTER=bond0 [root@centos6?network-scripts]#?cat?ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 SLAVE=yes MASTER=bond0 [root@centos6?network-scripts]#

3、隨意斷開一網(wǎng)卡測試，并查看結(jié)果?

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[root@centos6?network-scripts]#?!cat cat?/proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet?Channel?Bonding?Driver:?v3.7.1?(April?27,?2011) Bonding?Mode:?fault-tolerance?(active-backup) Primary?Slave:?None Currently?Active?Slave:?eth0 MII?Status:?up MII?Polling?Interval?(ms):?102 Up?Delay?(ms):?0 Down?Delay?(ms):?0 Slave?Interface:?eth0 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?0 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:8d Slave?queue?ID:?0 Slave?Interface:?eth1 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?0 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:97 Slave?queue?ID:?0 [root@centos6?network-scripts]# [root@centos6?~]#?cat?/proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet?Channel?Bonding?Driver:?v3.7.1?(April?27,?2011) Bonding?Mode:?load?balancing?(round-robin) MII?Status:?up MII?Polling?Interval?(ms):?100 Up?Delay?(ms):?0 Down?Delay?(ms):?0 Slave?Interface:?eth0 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?3 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:8d Slave?queue?ID:?0 Slave?Interface:?eth1 MII?Status:?down Speed:?Unknown Duplex:?Unknown Link?Failure?Count:?3 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:97 Slave?queue?ID:?0 [root@centos6?~]#?cat?/proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet?Channel?Bonding?Driver:?v3.7.1?(April?27,?2011) Bonding?Mode:?fault-tolerance?(broadcast) MII?Status:?up MII?Polling?Interval?(ms):?101 Up?Delay?(ms):?0 Down?Delay?(ms):?0 Slave?Interface:?eth0 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?2 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:8d Slave?queue?ID:?0 Slave?Interface:?eth1 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?1 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:97 Slave?queue?ID:?0 [root@centos6?~]#

[root@centos6?network-scripts]#?ifconfig bond0?????Link?encap:Ethernet??HWaddr?00:0C:29:7C:55:8D?#三的MAC地址信息是一樣的，代表綁定為一塊網(wǎng)卡inet?addr:10.1.249.34??Bcast:10.255.255.255??Mask:255.0.0.0inet6?addr:?fe80::20c:29ff:fe7c:558d/64?Scope:LinkUP?BROADCAST?RUNNING?MASTER?MULTICAST??MTU:1500??Metric:1RX?packets:62258?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:7493?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:0RX?bytes:5599522?(5.3?MiB)??TX?bytes:716163?(699.3?KiB) eth0??????Link?encap:Ethernet??HWaddr?00:0C:29:7C:55:8D?#三的MAC地址信息是一樣的，代表綁定為一塊網(wǎng)卡UP?BROADCAST?RUNNING?SLAVE?MULTICAST??MTU:1500??Metric:1RX?packets:32698?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:4300?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:1000RX?bytes:2915521?(2.7?MiB)??TX?bytes:393343?(384.1?KiB) eth1??????Link?encap:Ethernet??HWaddr?00:0C:29:7C:55:8D?#三的MAC地址信息是一樣的，代表綁定為一塊網(wǎng)卡UP?BROADCAST?RUNNING?SLAVE?MULTICAST??MTU:1500??Metric:1RX?packets:33832?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:3359?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:1000RX?bytes:3059478?(2.9?MiB)??TX?bytes:339826?(331.8?KiB) lo????????Link?encap:Local?Loopbackinet?addr:127.0.0.1??Mask:255.0.0.0inet6?addr:?::1/128?Scope:HostUP?LOOPBACK?RUNNING??MTU:65536??Metric:1RX?packets:425?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:425?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:0RX?bytes:42694?(41.6?KiB)??TX?bytes:42694?(41.6?KiB) [root@centos6?network-scripts]#

截圖演示：

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1、關(guān)閉NetworkManager服務(wù)

2、準(zhǔn)備所有配置文件

3、重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)

4、斷開一網(wǎng)卡在物理機(jī)上ping本ip地址，測試主備功能

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結(jié)論：

同理可使用不同的bond工作模式進(jìn)行測試，結(jié)果為，當(dāng)處于mode0時(shí)為輪轉(zhuǎn)模式有容錯(cuò)能力可壞一塊網(wǎng)卡，當(dāng)處于mode1時(shí)為主備模式有容錯(cuò)能力可壞一塊網(wǎng)卡，當(dāng)處于mode3時(shí)為廣播策略模式，親測，只要工作的網(wǎng)卡不壞則正常工作，當(dāng)開始不是工作的網(wǎng)卡切換為工作網(wǎng)卡時(shí)則不能工作。

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/purify/1845804

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