一、bond的工作原理?

????所謂的bond就是將兩塊或兩塊以上網卡綁定同一個IP地址對外提供服務，從而實現負載均衡高可用。當然，直接給兩塊網卡設置同一IP地址 是不可能的。通過bonding，虛擬一塊網卡對外提供連接， 物理網卡的被修改為相同的MAC地址。

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二、bond工作模式分類

?1）Mode 0 (balance-rr) 輪轉（Round-robin）策略：從頭到尾順序的在每一個slave 接口上面發送數據包。本模式提供負載均衡和容錯的能力?

2）Mode 1 (active-backup) 活動-備份（主備）策略：在綁定中，只有一個slave被激活。 當且僅當活動的slave接口失敗時才會激活其他slave。為了 避免交換機發生混亂此時綁定的MAC地址只有一個外部端口上可見?

3）Mode 3 (broadcast) 廣播策略：在所有的slave接口上傳送所有的報文。本模式提供 無容錯能力。

三、實現步驟

1、為每個設備生成獨立的接口配置文件，關閉NetworkManager服務。?

chkconfig --level 3 NetworkManager off ??

2、添加網卡，配置靜態聯網(bond0)

[root@centos6?network-scripts]#?cat?ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 IPADDR=10.1.249.34 PRFIX=16 GATEWAY=10.1.249.254 DNS1=8.8.8.8 BONDING_OPTS="miimon=101?mode=0"?#如果mode=0則為輪轉模式，為1則為主備模式，為3則為廣播策略 [root@centos6?network-scripts]#?cat?ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 SLAVE=yes MASTER=bond0 [root@centos6?network-scripts]#?cat?ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 SLAVE=yes MASTER=bond0 [root@centos6?network-scripts]#

3、隨意斷開一網卡測試，并查看結果?

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[root@centos6?network-scripts]#?!cat cat?/proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet?Channel?Bonding?Driver:?v3.7.1?(April?27,?2011) Bonding?Mode:?fault-tolerance?(active-backup) Primary?Slave:?None Currently?Active?Slave:?eth0 MII?Status:?up MII?Polling?Interval?(ms):?102 Up?Delay?(ms):?0 Down?Delay?(ms):?0 Slave?Interface:?eth0 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?0 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:8d Slave?queue?ID:?0 Slave?Interface:?eth1 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?0 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:97 Slave?queue?ID:?0 [root@centos6?network-scripts]# [root@centos6?~]#?cat?/proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet?Channel?Bonding?Driver:?v3.7.1?(April?27,?2011) Bonding?Mode:?load?balancing?(round-robin) MII?Status:?up MII?Polling?Interval?(ms):?100 Up?Delay?(ms):?0 Down?Delay?(ms):?0 Slave?Interface:?eth0 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?3 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:8d Slave?queue?ID:?0 Slave?Interface:?eth1 MII?Status:?down Speed:?Unknown Duplex:?Unknown Link?Failure?Count:?3 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:97 Slave?queue?ID:?0 [root@centos6?~]#?cat?/proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet?Channel?Bonding?Driver:?v3.7.1?(April?27,?2011) Bonding?Mode:?fault-tolerance?(broadcast) MII?Status:?up MII?Polling?Interval?(ms):?101 Up?Delay?(ms):?0 Down?Delay?(ms):?0 Slave?Interface:?eth0 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?2 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:8d Slave?queue?ID:?0 Slave?Interface:?eth1 MII?Status:?up Speed:?1000?Mbps Duplex:?full Link?Failure?Count:?1 Permanent?HW?addr:?00:0c:29:7c:55:97 Slave?queue?ID:?0 [root@centos6?~]#

[root@centos6?network-scripts]#?ifconfig bond0?????Link?encap:Ethernet??HWaddr?00:0C:29:7C:55:8D?#三的MAC地址信息是一樣的，代表綁定為一塊網卡inet?addr:10.1.249.34??Bcast:10.255.255.255??Mask:255.0.0.0inet6?addr:?fe80::20c:29ff:fe7c:558d/64?Scope:LinkUP?BROADCAST?RUNNING?MASTER?MULTICAST??MTU:1500??Metric:1RX?packets:62258?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:7493?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:0RX?bytes:5599522?(5.3?MiB)??TX?bytes:716163?(699.3?KiB) eth0??????Link?encap:Ethernet??HWaddr?00:0C:29:7C:55:8D?#三的MAC地址信息是一樣的，代表綁定為一塊網卡UP?BROADCAST?RUNNING?SLAVE?MULTICAST??MTU:1500??Metric:1RX?packets:32698?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:4300?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:1000RX?bytes:2915521?(2.7?MiB)??TX?bytes:393343?(384.1?KiB) eth1??????Link?encap:Ethernet??HWaddr?00:0C:29:7C:55:8D?#三的MAC地址信息是一樣的，代表綁定為一塊網卡UP?BROADCAST?RUNNING?SLAVE?MULTICAST??MTU:1500??Metric:1RX?packets:33832?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:3359?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:1000RX?bytes:3059478?(2.9?MiB)??TX?bytes:339826?(331.8?KiB) lo????????Link?encap:Local?Loopbackinet?addr:127.0.0.1??Mask:255.0.0.0inet6?addr:?::1/128?Scope:HostUP?LOOPBACK?RUNNING??MTU:65536??Metric:1RX?packets:425?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?frame:0TX?packets:425?errors:0?dropped:0?overruns:0?carrier:0collisions:0?txqueuelen:0RX?bytes:42694?(41.6?KiB)??TX?bytes:42694?(41.6?KiB) [root@centos6?network-scripts]#

截圖演示：

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1、關閉NetworkManager服務

2、準備所有配置文件

3、重啟網絡服務

4、斷開一網卡在物理機上ping本ip地址，測試主備功能

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結論：

同理可使用不同的bond工作模式進行測試，結果為，當處于mode0時為輪轉模式有容錯能力可壞一塊網卡，當處于mode1時為主備模式有容錯能力可壞一塊網卡，當處于mode3時為廣播策略模式，親測，只要工作的網卡不壞則正常工作，當開始不是工作的網卡切換為工作網卡時則不能工作。

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/purify/1845804

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