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beautifulsoup4

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2025/3/20 编程问答 29 豆豆

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環(huán)境為：

Python3.6
windows
pycharm2017.2.4

安裝：

# 安裝beautifulsoup4 　　pip install beautifulsoup4# 安裝解析器　　pip install lxml# 另一個(gè)可供選擇的解析器是純Python實(shí)現(xiàn)的 html5lib，html5lib的解析方式與瀏覽器相同pip install html5lib

基本使用

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html_doc?=?""" <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head> <body> The Dormouse's story Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were <a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>, <a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and <a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>; and they lived at the bottom of a well. ... """ #基本使用：容錯(cuò)處理,文檔的容錯(cuò)能力指的是在html代碼不完整的情況下,使用該模塊可以識(shí)別該錯(cuò)誤。 #使用BeautifulSoup解析上述代碼,能夠得到一個(gè) BeautifulSoup 的對(duì)象,并能按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的縮進(jìn)格式的結(jié)構(gòu)輸出 from?bs4?import?BeautifulSoup soup=BeautifulSoup(html_doc,'lxml')?#具有容錯(cuò)功能 res=soup.prettify()?#處理好縮進(jìn)，結(jié)構(gòu)化顯示 print(res)

標(biāo)簽選擇器

1	即直接通過(guò)標(biāo)簽名字選擇，選擇速度快，如果存在多個(gè)相同的標(biāo)簽則只返回第一個(gè)<br><br>

from bs4 import BeautifulSouphtml_doc = """ <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head> <body>first tag Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were <a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsiethis i tag</a>, <a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and <a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>; and they lived at the bottom of a well.... """soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, 'lxml')# 獲取標(biāo)簽的名稱(chēng) # print(soup.head) # <head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head># 獲取標(biāo)簽的屬性 # print(soup.p.name) # p# 直接獲取標(biāo)簽，如果存在多個(gè)相同的標(biāo)簽則只返回第一個(gè) # print(soup.p) # first tag# 獲取標(biāo)簽的內(nèi)容,# print(soup.p.string) # first tag # print(soup.a.string) # None # print(soup.p.text) # first tag # print(soup.a.text) # Elsiethis i tag # print(soup.a.contents) # ['Elsie', this i tag] """ 注意 contents獲取選中標(biāo)簽內(nèi)的所有的值，包括里面的標(biāo)簽 string 只能獲取當(dāng)前標(biāo)簽，而無(wú)法獲取子標(biāo)簽的內(nèi)容，如果存在子標(biāo)簽，則返回None text則獲取包括子標(biāo)簽在內(nèi)的所有值 """# 嵌套選擇 # print(soup.head.title.string) # The Dormouse's story # print(soup.body.a.contents) # ['Elsie', this i tag] # print(soup.body.a.text) # Elsiethis i tag # print(soup.body.a.string) # None # print(soup.body.p.string) # first tag# 獲取子節(jié)點(diǎn)，子孫節(jié)點(diǎn) # print(soup.contents) # 返回整個(gè)HTML頁(yè)面的所有節(jié)點(diǎn) # print(soup.p.contents) # ['first tag'] # print(soup.p.children) # 得到一個(gè)迭代器，包含此標(biāo)簽內(nèi)錯(cuò)有的子節(jié)點(diǎn) # print(list(soup.a.children)) # ['Elsie', this i tag] # print(soup.p.descendants) # <generator object descendants at 0x00000162FFB9D570> # print(list(soup.a.descendants)) # 獲取子孫節(jié)點(diǎn),p下所有的標(biāo)簽都會(huì)選擇出來(lái) ['Elsie', this i tag, 'this i tag'] # for i, child in enumerate(soup.p.descendants): # print(i, child) # 0 first tag# 獲取父節(jié)點(diǎn)，祖先節(jié)點(diǎn) # print(soup.a.parent) # 獲取 a 標(biāo)簽 # print(soup.a.parents) # <generator object parents at 0x0000022F8747D570> # print(list(soup.a.parents)) # a 標(biāo)簽的父，父，父節(jié)點(diǎn)都會(huì)找出來(lái)，到html節(jié)點(diǎn)# 獲取兄弟節(jié)點(diǎn) # print(soup.a.next_siblings) # 生成器對(duì)象 <generator object next_siblings at 0x000002418B9BD570> # print(list(soup.a.next_siblings)) beautifulsoup4標(biāo)簽選擇器 View Code

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選擇器

CSS選擇器

##該模塊提供了select方法來(lái)支持css html_doc = """ <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head> <body> The Dormouse's storyOnce upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a><a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;<div class='panel-1'><ul class='list' id='list-1'><li class='element'>Foo</li><li class='element'>Bar</li><li class='element'>Jay</li></ul><ul class='list list-small' id='list-2'><li class='element'><h1 class='yyyy'>Foo</h1></li><li class='element xxx'>Bar</li><li class='element'>Jay</li></ul></div>and they lived at the bottom of a well. ... """ from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup=BeautifulSoup(html_doc,'lxml')#1、CSS選擇器 print(soup.p.select('.sister')) print(soup.select('.sister span'))print(soup.select('#link1')) print(soup.select('#link1 span'))print(soup.select('#list-2 .element.xxx'))print(soup.select('#list-2')[0].select('.element')) #可以一直select,但其實(shí)沒(méi)必要,一條select就可以了# 2、獲取屬性 print(soup.select('#list-2 h1')[0].attrs)# 3、獲取內(nèi)容 print(soup.select('#list-2 h1')[0].get_text())CSS選擇器 View Code

beautifulsoup4中文文檔

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/q240756200/p/10671952.html

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