作者 | 一啦米

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背景

業務應用系統接入流程引擎來處理業務應用的流程執行，流程引擎提供多線程高性能異步化來執行流程元素的執行，但是如何設置流程引擎的線程池線程數執行，以及執行線程數和任務數，應用機器資源使用情況之間的關系如何，目前只能通過接入方的人工經驗評估，比較粗泛評估，參數的合理性也很難直觀的評估，現通過現有的應用系統默認的參數配置進行問題說明。

性能監控

查看 CPU 核數

應用機器的配置是 2 核 CPU 配置：

查看應用機器的負載情況

應用程序的近 15 分鐘內的負載嚴重的超載(平均超出 CPU 執行的 10 倍之多)，應用程序對應的 CPU 和 MEM 的利用率都很高，按照本次單機模擬線上的流量（QPS：10) 不至于出現如此的負載情況吧。

查看應用機器的綜合統計

CPU 運行隊列中也嚴重的堵篩(Procs列中指標），應用的 CPU 有效利用率其實并不算太高（US+SY),但是系統出現了嚴重的 CS(上下文切換)，配合 BI，BO 執行，也間接反饋出一些端倪，具體反饋到應用程序中，還需要進一步分析。

查看應用服務(PID=512)的進程 CPU 執行情況

查看應用機器的磁盤 IO 使用情況

應用系統的線程統計概要

應用系統中居然有如此多的線程(1285),應用系統接入流程 SDK 中的線程池數據設置也不會超過80個線程，為何有如何大的偏差，考慮到應用系統中還存在 RPC，kafka 等相關的技術棧，對于應用系統的線程分布還需要進一步的分析。

應用系統執行 dashboard

GC 回收線程監控統計

應用系統線程執行棧的統計

阻塞線程 ThreadDump 信息

org.apache.log4j.spi.RootLogger?is blocking 379 threads.

Pigeon-Server-Request-Processor-46-thread-318
Stack Trace is:
java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:665)

• locked <0x000000075332fde8> (a java.io.PrintWriter)
  at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:721)
  at org.apache.log4j.DefaultThrowableRenderer.render(DefaultThrowableRenderer.java:60)
  at org.apache.log4j.spi.ThrowableInformation.getThrowableStrRep(ThrowableInformation.java:87)
• locked <0x000000074ae96550> (a org.apache.log4j.spi.ThrowableInformation)
  at org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggingEvent.getThrowableStrRep(LoggingEvent.java:413)
  at org.apache.log4j.WriterAppender.subAppend(WriterAppender.java:313)
  at org.apache.log4j.WriterAppender.append(WriterAppender.java:162)
  at com.dianping.combiz.misc.ExtendedConsoleAppender.append(ExtendedConsoleAppender.java:82)
  at org.apache.log4j.AppenderSkeleton.doAppend(AppenderSkeleton.java:251)
• eliminated <0x000000075f880030> (a com.dianping.combiz.misc.ExtendedConsoleAppender)
  at com.dianping.combiz.misc.ExtendedConsoleAppender.doAppend(ExtendedConsoleAppender.java:75)
• locked <0x000000075f880030> (a com.dianping.combiz.misc.ExtendedConsoleAppender)
  at org.apache.log4j.helpers.AppenderAttachableImpl.appendLoopOnAppenders(AppenderAttachableImpl.java:66)
  at org.apache.log4j.Category.callAppenders(Category.java:206)
  - locked <0x000000075ed2bd58> (a org.apache.log4j.spi.RootLogger)
  at org.apache.log4j.Category.forcedLog(Category.java:391)
  at org.apache.log4j.Category.log(Category.java:856)
  at org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerAdapter.error(Log4jLoggerAdapter.java:576)
  at com.meituan.mafka.client.producer.DefaultProducerProcessor.doSend(DefaultProducerProcessor.java:832)
  at com.meituan.mafka.client.producer.DefaultProducerProcessor.sendMessage(DefaultProducerProcessor.java:603)
  at com.meituan.mafka.client.producer.DefaultProducerProcessor.sendMessage(DefaultProducerProcessor.java:584)
  at com.meituan.mafka.client.producer.DefaultProducerProcessor.sendMessage(DefaultProducerProcessor.java:567)
  at com.meituan.mafka.client.producer.DefaultProducerProcessor.sendMessage(DefaultProducerProcessor.java:562)
  at com.dianping.poi.flowcenter.mq.WorkflowEventMQProducer.sendSyncMessage(WorkflowEventMQProducer.java:98)
  at com.dianping.poi.flowcenter.WorkflowEngine.createFlowInstance(WorkflowEngine.java:642)
  at com.dianping.poi.flowcenter.WorkflowEngine.startWorkflow0(WorkflowEngine.java:560)
  at com.dianping.poi.flowcenter.WorkflowEngine.startWorkflow(WorkflowEngine.java:504)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.clearengine.engine.create.impl.CreateWorkflowServiceImpl.createWorkflow(CreateWorkflowServiceImpl.java:66)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.createWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:277)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.createWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:183)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.createWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:176)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f3bb47a4.invoke()
  at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
  at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:736)atorg.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)atorg.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)atorg.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)atorg.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:671)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e721a2aa.createWorkflow()
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.update.biz.business.MainUpdateFlowBusiness.update(MainUpdateFlowBusiness.java:220)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.update.biz.business.MainUpdateFlowBusiness.update(MainUpdateFlowBusiness.java:179)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.feedback.biz.serviceImpl.FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.dpFeedbackBase(FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.java:1233)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.feedback.biz.serviceImpl.FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.dpTerminalFeedback(FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.java:486)
  at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor144.invoke(Unknown Source)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.service.method.ServiceMethod.invoke(ServiceMethod.java:193)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.BusinessProcessFilter.invoke(BusinessProcessFilter.java:79)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.BusinessProcessFilter.invoke(BusinessProcessFilter.java:34)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GatewayProcessFilter.invoke(GatewayProcessFilter.java:242)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GatewayProcessFilter.invoke(GatewayProcessFilter.java:51)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.SecurityFilter.invoke(SecurityFilter.java:31)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.SecurityFilter.invoke(SecurityFilter.java:15)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GenericProcessFilter.invoke(GenericProcessFilter.java:41)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GenericProcessFilter.invoke(GenericProcessFilter.java:24)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ExceptionProcessFilter.invoke(ExceptionProcessFilter.java:44)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ExceptionProcessFilter.invoke(ExceptionProcessFilter.java:27)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ContextTransferProcessFilter.invoke(ContextTransferProcessFilter.java:43)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ContextTransferProcessFilter.invoke(ContextTransferProcessFilter.java:28)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.WriteResponseProcessFilter.invoke(WriteResponseProcessFilter.java:36)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.WriteResponseProcessFilter.invoke(WriteResponseProcessFilter.java:26)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TrafficRecordFilter.invoke(TrafficRecordFilter.java:34)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TrafficRecordFilter.invoke(TrafficRecordFilter.java:14)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.InnerTracerFilter.invoke(InnerTracerFilter.java:29)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.InnerTracerFilter.invoke(InnerTracerFilter.java:15)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.MonitorProcessFilter.invoke(MonitorProcessFilter.java:101)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.MonitorProcessFilter.invoke(MonitorProcessFilter.java:35)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TracerFilter.invoke(TracerFilter.java:37)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TracerFilter.invoke(TracerFilter.java:15)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ProviderContextFilter.invoke(ProviderContextFilter.java:28)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ProviderContextFilter.invoke(ProviderContextFilter.java:18)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.threadpool.RequestThreadPoolProcessor$2.call(RequestThreadPoolProcessor.java:254)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.threadpool.RequestThreadPoolProcessor$2.call(RequestThreadPoolProcessor.java:243)atjava.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
  Locked ownable synchronizers:
• <0x00000007ab2b6228> (a java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker)

Pigeon 阻塞線程 ThreadDump 信息

priority:5 - threadId:0x00007fa599636000 - nativeId:0x2ec8 - nativeId (decimal):11976 - state:BLOCKED
stackTrace:
java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
at deps.redis.clients.util.RedisInputStream.ensureFill(RedisInputStream.java:207)
at deps.redis.clients.util.RedisInputStream.readByte(RedisInputStream.java:47)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.process(Protocol.java:204)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.read(Protocol.java:271)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.Connection.readProtocolWithCheckingBroken(Connection.java:305)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.Connection.getBinaryBulkReply(Connection.java:236)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.BinaryJedis.hget(BinaryJedis.java:788)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.BinaryJedisCluster$13.execute(BinaryJedisCluster.java:202)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.BinaryJedisCluster$13.execute(BinaryJedisCluster.java:199)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.JedisClusterCommand.runWithRetries(JedisClusterCommand.java:64)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.JedisClusterCommand.runBinary(JedisClusterCommand.java:41)
at deps.redis.clients.jedis.BinaryJedisCluster.hget(BinaryJedisCluster.java:199)
at com.dianping.squirrel.client.impl.redis.RedisStoreClientImpl$41.excute(RedisStoreClientImpl.java:1022)atcom.dianping.squirrel.client.impl.AbstractStoreClient$MonitorCommand.run(AbstractStoreClient.java:1066)
at com.dianping.squirrel.client.impl.redis.RedisStoreClientImpl.hget(RedisStoreClientImpl.java:1018)
at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.redisdao.TimestampRedisDao.getUpdateTime(TimestampRedisDao.java:18)
at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.common.RefreshableCache.checkUpdate(RefreshableCache.java:99)

• locked?<0x00000007623197a0>?(a com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.cache.FlowTemplateRuleCache)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.common.RefreshableCache.getValue(RefreshableCache.java:53)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.common.RefreshableCache.getValue(RefreshableCache.java:43)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.getTemplateRule(WorkflowBusiness.java:160)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.setTemplateByWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:134)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.createWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:253)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.createWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:183)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness.createWorkflow(WorkflowBusiness.java:176)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$f3bb47a4.invoke()
  at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
  at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:736)atorg.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)atorg.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)atorg.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)atorg.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:671)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.core.business.WorkflowBusiness$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e721a2aa.createWorkflow()
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.update.biz.business.MainUpdateFlowBusiness.update(MainUpdateFlowBusiness.java:220)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.update.biz.business.MainUpdateFlowBusiness.update(MainUpdateFlowBusiness.java:179)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.feedback.biz.serviceImpl.FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.dpFeedbackBase(FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.java:1233)
  at com.dianping.poi.mainflow.feedback.biz.serviceImpl.FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.dpTerminalFeedback(FeedbackForPoiServiceImpl.java:486)
  at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor144.invoke(Unknown Source)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.service.method.ServiceMethod.invoke(ServiceMethod.java:193)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.BusinessProcessFilter.invoke(BusinessProcessFilter.java:79)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.BusinessProcessFilter.invoke(BusinessProcessFilter.java:34)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GatewayProcessFilter.invoke(GatewayProcessFilter.java:242)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GatewayProcessFilter.invoke(GatewayProcessFilter.java:51)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.SecurityFilter.invoke(SecurityFilter.java:31)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.SecurityFilter.invoke(SecurityFilter.java:15)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GenericProcessFilter.invoke(GenericProcessFilter.java:41)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.GenericProcessFilter.invoke(GenericProcessFilter.java:24)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ExceptionProcessFilter.invoke(ExceptionProcessFilter.java:44)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ExceptionProcessFilter.invoke(ExceptionProcessFilter.java:27)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ContextTransferProcessFilter.invoke(ContextTransferProcessFilter.java:43)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ContextTransferProcessFilter.invoke(ContextTransferProcessFilter.java:28)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.WriteResponseProcessFilter.invoke(WriteResponseProcessFilter.java:36)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.WriteResponseProcessFilter.invoke(WriteResponseProcessFilter.java:26)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TrafficRecordFilter.invoke(TrafficRecordFilter.java:34)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TrafficRecordFilter.invoke(TrafficRecordFilter.java:14)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.InnerTracerFilter.invoke(InnerTracerFilter.java:29)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.InnerTracerFilter.invoke(InnerTracerFilter.java:15)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.MonitorProcessFilter.invoke(MonitorProcessFilter.java:101)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.MonitorProcessFilter.invoke(MonitorProcessFilter.java:35)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TracerFilter.invoke(TracerFilter.java:37)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.TracerFilter.invoke(TracerFilter.java:15)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ProviderContextFilter.invoke(ProviderContextFilter.java:28)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.filter.ProviderContextFilter.invoke(ProviderContextFilter.java:18)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.ProviderProcessHandlerFactory$1.handle(ProviderProcessHandlerFactory.java:99)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.threadpool.RequestThreadPoolProcessor$2.call(RequestThreadPoolProcessor.java:254)
  at com.dianping.pigeon.remoting.provider.process.threadpool.RequestThreadPoolProcessor$2.call(RequestThreadPoolProcessor.java:243)atjava.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)atjava.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
  Locked ownable synchronizers:
  -?<0x0000000735ab3bc0>?(a java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker)

問題說明

通過對應用系統的模擬上線應用運行狀態分析，目標找出系統的瓶頸點，以及通過對應用系統的資源使用情況來評估應用系統的相關參數設置是否合理；

如何根據應用系統的運行時的性能監控，動態的評估應用系統潛在的瓶頸點，以及預測此瓶頸點對應用的影響，是否可以動態的調配相關應用參數，來自適用應用系統性能，充分利用應用系統資源(CPU,Memory,IO)等，結合應用系統的任務使用特性(CPU 密集型，IO 密集型，MiX 混合性）以及多個線程池任務執行特性，是否能夠動態預測。

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