對于每一個路由器來說,都有一個控制臺接口(Console),管理員可以通過RS-232線纜把控制口和一個終端的主口連接起來,通過這個終端對路由器進行配置。

?

終端通訊參數(shù)設(shè)置為:

速度: 　 9600bps 起始位: 　 1位 數(shù)據(jù)位: 　 8位 停止位: 　 1或2位 校驗: 　 無

待終端通訊參數(shù)設(shè)置完畢后,接好路由器控制臺,請先打開終端電源,后開路由器電源,之后就進入初始配置了.屏幕出現(xiàn)(以Cisco 2501為例):

System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(5), RELEASE SOFTWARE Copyright (c) 1986-1994 by cisco Systems 2500 processor with 2048 Kbytes of main memory

大約停頓1-2分鐘,系統(tǒng)調(diào)入boot,請耐心等待

F3: 3996764+54172+225404 at 0x3000060 Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 11.2(1), MAJOR RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 30-Sep-96 12:07 by ajchopraImage text-base: 0x030215A4, data-base: 0x00001000cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 2048K/2048K bytes of memory.Processor board ID 02327592, with hardware revision 00000000Bridging software.X.25 software, Version 2.0, NET2, BFE and GOSIP compliant.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)2 Serial network interface(s)32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)Notice: NVRAM invalid, possibly due to write erase.--- System Configuration Dialog ---At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes]:Return你是否要進入初始化配置?默認"是".First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]:Return首先,你是否想看一下當前端口的狀態(tài)?默認"是".Any interface listed with OK? value "NO" does not have a valid configuration

下面會列出當前路由器所具有的硬件配置(包括局域網(wǎng)口和廣域網(wǎng)口,以及個端口當前狀態(tài)等等.)

Interface 　 　 IP-Address 　 　 OK? 　 Method 　 Status 　 Protoc ol Ethernet0 　 　 unassigned 　 　 NO 　 unset 　 up 　 down 　 Serial0 　 　 unassigned 　 　 NO 　 unset 　 down 　 down 　 Serial1 　 　 unassigned 　 　 NO 　 unset 　 down 　 down Configuring global parameters: Enter host name [Router]: JSRouter設(shè)置系統(tǒng)名,如JSRouter. The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used instead of the enable password when it exists. Enter enable secret: cisco設(shè)置進入priviledged EXEC 的密碼 The enable password is used when there is no enable secret and when using older software and some boot images. Enter enable password: cisco1 (1) Enter virtual terminal password: cisco

設(shè)置進入虛擬終端登錄到路由器的口令,即遠程登錄(telnet)的口令

Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]:Return

是否設(shè)置簡單網(wǎng)管協(xié)議?

Community string [public]:ReturnConfigure IP? [yes]:Return

是否設(shè)置IP協(xié)議?

Configure IGRP routing? [yes]:Return (2)

是否設(shè)置IGRP 路由協(xié)議?

Your IGRP autonomous system number [1]:Return (3)

你的IGRP 路由協(xié)議自治系統(tǒng)號(AS),默認為1。

Configuring interface parameters:

下面配置端口參數(shù)

Configuring interface Ethernet0:ReturnIs this interface in use? [yes]:ReturnConfigure IP on this interface? [yes]:ReturnIP address for this interface: 1.1.1.1Number of bits in subnet field [0]:Return (4)Class A network is 1.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is /8

以上是配置以太口0,假設(shè)IP地址是1.1.1.1,掩碼是255.0.0.0.

Configuring interface Serial0:Return Is this interface in use? [yes]:Return Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:Return Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [no]:Return IP address for this interface: 2.1.1.1 Number of bits in subnet field [0]:Return Class A network is 2.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is /8

以上是配置串口0,假設(shè)IP地址是2.1.1.1,掩碼是255.0.0.0。

Configuring interface Serial1:ReturnIs this interface in use? [yes]: no

以上是當不需要用串口1時,請敲入no。

The following configuration command script was created:hostname JSRouterenable secret 5 $1$Bv.r$j/Zm2B6jw9UTQPxLGZjAz.enable password cisco1line vty 0 4password ciscosnmp-server community public!ip routing!interface Ethernet0ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0!interface Serial0ip address 2.1.1.1 255.0.0.0!interface Serial1shutdownno ip address!router igrp 1network 1.0.0.0network 2.0.0.0!endUse this configuration? [yes/no]: yes (5)

確認當前配置后,把當前配置寫入NVRAM 中.這樣以后開機自動把配置調(diào)入內(nèi)存,不

需要重新配置了。

Building configuration...Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.Press RETURN to get started!%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed stateto down%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed stateto down%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1, changed state to down%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1, changed state to administrativelydown%SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --Cisco Internetwork Operating System SoftwareIOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 11.2(1), MAJOR RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 30-Sep-96 12:07 by ajchopraJSRouter>enPassword:(敲入密碼,不反顯的)JSRouter#

Enter enable password:-----這個口令是對于IOS 10.2以下版本適用,在IOS 10

?

以上版本均使用secret,不再用password.在配置文件中, secret是加密顯示的。

現(xiàn)在我們通常都在IOS 10.3 版本以上,故無需password這個口令。

另外，password和secret不能相同。

在初始配置中,默認的路由協(xié)議是IGRP,若敲入yes,則生成IGRP路由協(xié)議.假如不想使用IGRP協(xié)議,則打No,在配置模式下(conf t)選擇路由協(xié)議。

自治系統(tǒng)?(autonomous system)-----它是一個域的概念.路由協(xié)議在一個 自制系

統(tǒng)中可以交換路由信息,而在兩個自制系統(tǒng)之間是不能直接傳遞路由信息的,必須通過類似網(wǎng)際路由協(xié)議才能互相通訊。這樣就大大地縮小了路由表,減少它占用的帶寬量,使網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有擴展性。

Number of bits in subnet field [0]-----掩碼子網(wǎng)的位數(shù).舉例說明:

掩碼為255.0.0.0的掩碼子網(wǎng)位數(shù)是0,掩碼共8位 掩碼為255.255.0.0的掩碼子網(wǎng)位數(shù)8,掩碼共16位 掩碼為255.255.255.0的掩碼子網(wǎng)位數(shù)16,掩碼共24位 掩碼為255.255.255.252的掩碼子網(wǎng)位數(shù)22,掩碼共30位

Cisco命令系統(tǒng)是即時生效的,也就是說,配置完后立即執(zhí)行,但若不寫入NVRAM 中,關(guān)掉電源后就會丟失.你若想保留更改的配置,請敲入write命令。

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