棧和隊列：

通常是作為程序猿的工具，用于輔助構(gòu)思算法。生命周期較短，執(zhí)行時才被創(chuàng)建

訪問受限。在特定時刻，僅僅有一個數(shù)據(jù)可被讀取或刪除

是一種抽象的結(jié)構(gòu)。內(nèi)部的實現(xiàn)機制。對用戶不可見。比方用數(shù)組、鏈表來實現(xiàn)棧

棧：

同一時候，僅僅同意一個數(shù)據(jù)被訪問，后進先出

對于入棧和出棧的時間復(fù)雜度都為O(1),即不依賴棧內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)項的個數(shù)，操作比較快

例，使用數(shù)組作為棧的存儲結(jié)構(gòu)

public class StackS {

private int max;

private T[] ary;

private int top;//指針，指向棧頂元素的下標(biāo)

public StackS(int size) {

this.max = size;

ary = (T[]) new Object[max];

top = -1;

}

// 入棧

public void push(T data) {

if (!isFull())

ary[++top] = data;

}

// 出棧

public T pop() {

if (isEmpty()) {

return null;

}

return ary[top--];

}

// 查看棧頂

public T peek() {

return ary[top];

}

//棧是否為空

public boolean isEmpty() {

return top == -1;

}

//棧是否滿

public boolean isFull() {

return top == max - 1;

}

//size

public int size() {

return top + 1;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

StackS stack = new StackS(3);

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

stack.push(i);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

Integer peek = stack.peek();

System.out.println("peek:" + peek);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

Integer pop = stack.pop();

System.out.println("pop:" + pop);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

System.out.println("----");

for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

stack.push(i);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

Integer peek = stack.peek();

System.out.println("peek:" + peek);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

Integer pop = stack.pop();

System.out.println("pop:" + pop);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

}

}

上面的樣例。有一個maxSize的規(guī)定。由于數(shù)組是要規(guī)定大小的，若想無限制，能夠使用其它結(jié)構(gòu)來做存儲，當(dāng)然也能夠new一個新的長度的數(shù)組。

例。使用LinkedList存儲來實現(xiàn)棧

/**

* 使用LinkedList存儲來實現(xiàn)棧

* @author stone

*

* @param

*/

public class StackSS {

private LinkedList datas;

public StackSS() {

datas = new LinkedList();

}

// 入棧

public void push(T data) {

datas.addLast(data);

}

// 出棧

public T pop() {

return datas.removeLast();

}

// 查看棧頂

public T peek() {

return datas.getLast();

}

//棧是否為空

public boolean isEmpty() {

return datas.isEmpty();

}

//size

public int size() {

return datas.size();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

StackS stack = new StackS(3);

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

stack.push(i);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

Integer peek = stack.peek();

System.out.println("peek:" + peek);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

Integer pop = stack.pop();

System.out.println("pop:" + pop);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

System.out.println("----");

for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

stack.push(i);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

Integer peek = stack.peek();

System.out.println("peek:" + peek);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {

Integer pop = stack.pop();

System.out.println("pop:" + pop);

System.out.println("size:" + stack.size());

}

}

}

例，單詞逆序，使用Statck結(jié)構(gòu)

public class WordReverse {

public static void main(String[] args) {

reverse("株式會社");

}

static void reverse(String word) {

if (word == null) return;

StackSS stack = new StackSS();

char[] charArray = word.toCharArray();

int len = charArray.length;

for (int i = 0; i

stack.push(charArray[i]);

}

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

while (!stack.isEmpty()) {

sb.append(stack.pop());

}

System.out.println("反轉(zhuǎn)后：" + sb.toString());

}

}打印：

反轉(zhuǎn)后：社會式株

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