Cookie对象知识总结
Cookie對象
Cookie特點(diǎn)
?Cookie 使用字符串存儲數(shù)據(jù)
?Cookie 使用 Key 與 Value 結(jié)構(gòu)存儲數(shù)據(jù)
?單個(gè) Cookie 存儲數(shù)據(jù)大小限制在 4097 個(gè)字節(jié)
?Cookie 存儲的數(shù)據(jù)中不支持中文,Servlet4.0 中支持
?Cookie 是與域名綁定所以不支持跨一級域名訪問
?Cookie 對象保存在客戶端瀏覽器或系統(tǒng)磁盤中
?Cookie 分為持久化 Cooke 與狀態(tài) Cookie
?瀏覽器在保存同一域名所返回 Cookie 的數(shù)量是有限的。不同瀏覽器支持的數(shù)量不同,得到一個(gè)枚舉類型Chrome 瀏覽器為 50 個(gè)
?瀏覽器每次請求時(shí)都會把與當(dāng)前訪問的域名相關(guān)的 Cookie 在請求中提交到服務(wù)端。
cookie對象的使用
創(chuàng)建cookie對象
(包含解決中文亂碼問題、將狀態(tài)cookie轉(zhuǎn)為持久化cookie)
1.通過new關(guān)鍵字創(chuàng)建cookie對象;
Cookie cookie = new Cookie(“key”,”value”);
2.通過HttpServletResponse對象將cookie寫回給客戶瀏覽器;
Response.addCookie(cookie);
案例:創(chuàng)建Cookie對象,并將其寫回給客戶端瀏覽器;
package com.bjsxt.servlet;import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.Cookie; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.URLEncoder;/*** 創(chuàng)建cookie對象* */ public class CreateCookieServlet extends HttpServlet {@Overrideprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {this.doPost(req, resp);}@Overrideprotected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { // 創(chuàng)建Cookie對象; // Cookie cookie = new Cookie("key","key的值"); // servlet4.0版本以前不支持中文,可以用以下方法進(jìn)行處理;Cookie cookie = new Cookie("key", URLEncoder.encode("key的值","utf-8")); // 設(shè)置Cookie的失效時(shí)間,一旦設(shè)置了失效時(shí)間,該cookie為持久化cookiecookie.setMaxAge(60);resp.addCookie(cookie);PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN'>");out.println("<HTML>");out.println("<HEAD><TITLE> ITBZ </TITLE></HEAD>");out.println("<BODY>");out.println("Creat Cookie <br/>");out.println("</BODY>");out.println("</HTML>");out.flush();out.close();} }Xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"version="4.0"> <servlet><servlet-name>creatCookieServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>com.bjsxt.servlet.CreateCookieServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>creatCookieServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/creat.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping> </web-app>在控制臺(application中)會找到cookie對應(yīng)的key以及value;
獲取cookie中的數(shù)據(jù);
通過HttpServletResponse對象獲得cookie,返回cookie數(shù)組;
Cookie[] cookie = response.getCookie();
案例:獲取cookie中的數(shù)據(jù),并在客戶瀏覽器上響應(yīng);
package com.bjsxt.servlet;import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.Cookie; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.net.URLDecoder;/*** 獲取cookie中的數(shù)據(jù);* */ public class GetCookieDataServlet extends HttpServlet {@Overrideprotected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {this.doPut(req, resp);}@Overrideprotected void doPut(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { // 在請求中獲取cookie對象Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN'>");out.println("<HTML>");out.println("<HEAD><TITLE> ITBZ </TITLE></HEAD>");out.println("<BODY>");for(int i=0;i<cookies.length;i++){Cookie cookie = cookies[i]; // out.println("Name:"+cookie.getName()+"\t"+"value:"+cookie.getValue()+"<br/>");out.println("Name:"+cookie.getName()+"\t"+"value:"+URLDecoder.decode(cookie.getValue(),"utf-8")+"<br/>");}out.println("</BODY>");out.println("</HTML>");out.flush();out.close();} }Xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"version="4.0"> <servlet><servlet-name>getCookieDataServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>com.bjsxt.servlet.GetCookieDataServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>getCookieDataServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/getData.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping> </web-app>Cookie總結(jié)
Cookie存儲數(shù)據(jù)是基于明文的方式進(jìn)行存儲,所以安全性很低,不要在cookie中存放敏感數(shù)據(jù);在數(shù)據(jù)存儲是,雖然servlet4.0支持中文,但建議對cookie中存放的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行編碼處理,這樣也可以提高安全性;
總結(jié)
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