將WRF輸入文件，即初始場文件（.nc）用matlab打開，本文介紹WRF輸入文件（wrf_input初始場）variables的內容：

Times #時間Size: 19x1Dimensions: DateStrLen,TimeDatatype: char

——》Times：時間，大小為19*1，數據類型為char

XLAT Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'LATITUDE, SOUTH IS NEGATIVE'units = 'degree_north'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT'

——》XLAT: 緯度信息

大小：99*109*1

維度：99代表東西維度，109代表南北維度，1為時間維度

數據類型：single

屬性：

? ? ? ? ?FieldType字段類型 ?104（應該是某個類型的代號，具體不清楚）

? ? ? ? ?MemoryOrder內存順序，即計算機CPU獲取內存的順序。詳細可參考https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/649307?utm_content=m_1000018012

? ? ? ? ?description:對XLAT變量的描述：“緯度，南為負軸”

? ? ? ? ?units：要素場單位 北緯 度°

? ? ? ? ? stagger ：交錯網格 ?詳情見https://www.openwfm.org/wiki/How_to_interpret_WRF_variables

? ? ? ? ? coordinates：相關量 XLAT與 XLONG和XLAT兩個變量相關

XLONG #經度 Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'LONGITUDE, WEST IS NEGATIVE'units = 'degree_east'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT'

——》與XLAT類似，XLONG為經度，西為負軸 ? 數值單元為東經 度°

LU_INDEX #土地使用類型Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'LAND USE CATEGORY'units = ''stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

——》LU_INDEX：土地利用類型

大小：99*109*1

維度：東西維度 ，南北緯度，時間維度

數據類型：單精度

相關量：XLONG, XLAT, XTIME

官網這樣解釋：https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide_V3/users_guide_chap3.htm#_Land_Use_and

Land Use and Soil Categories in the Static Data

The default land use and soil category data sets that are provided as part of the WPS static data tar file contain categories that are matched with the USGS categories described in the VEGPARM.TBL and SOILPARM.TBL files in the WRF run directory. Descriptions of the 24 land use categories and 16 soil categories are provided in the tables below.

WPS靜態數據文件中包含了土地使用類型和土壤類型的數據集，一共有24種土地使用類型，16種土壤類型，如下表：

ZNU Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'eta values on half (mass) levels'units = ''stagger = '' ZNW Size: 30x1Dimensions: bottom_top_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'eta values on full (w) levels'units = ''stagger = 'Z'

——》ZNU和ZNW：全層或者半層的eta值

要改變垂直層，只需要定義一維數組znw，包括全層（full levels）,k=1表明從1開始，k=kde表明是以0結尾

在一般的研究中，我們常以海拔高度，位勢高度作為分層的標準。但是在模式中，由于每個地區的下墊面都不一樣，有的平原有的高原，有的湖泊有的高山，即使在一個很小的區域，地面的海拔高度也不一樣，所以按照位勢高度來分層，就顯得十分不合適。于是就有了eta坐標。http://bbs.06climate.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1860&extra=&page=1

ZS Size: 4x1Dimensions: soil_layers_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'DEPTHS OF CENTERS OF SOIL LAYERS'units = 'm'stagger = 'Z'

——》土壤中心深度

DZS Size: 4x1Dimensions: soil_layers_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'THICKNESSES OF SOIL LAYERS'units = 'm'stagger = 'Z'

——》土壤層厚度

VAR_SSO Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'variance of subgrid-scale orography'units = 'm2'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

——》VAR_SSO：次網格尺度地形變化

參考論文《次網格地形參數化對WRF模式 在復雜地形區 風場模擬的影響》https://www.docin.com/p-1739072234.html

U Size: 100x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east_stag,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'x-wind component'units = 'm s-1'stagger = 'X'coordinates = 'XLONG_U XLAT_U XTIME'V Size: 99x110x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north_stag,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'y-wind component'units = 'm s-1'stagger = 'Y'coordinates = 'XLONG_V XLAT_V XTIME' W Size: 99x109x30x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'z-wind component'units = 'm s-1'stagger = 'Z'coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

——》U：x方向風分量

——》V：y方向風分量

——》W：z方向風分量

PH Size: 99x109x30x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'perturbation geopotential' #擾動位勢units = 'm2 s-2'stagger = 'Z'coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'PHB Size: 99x109x30x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'base-state geopotential' #基態位勢units = 'm2 s-2'stagger = 'Z'coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

——》PH：擾動位勢；PHB：基態位勢。

在模式的結果分析中，我們更想知道的是某個eta坐標對應的位勢高度，比如說我們要研究離地60m高度的風速，就有必要進行二者轉換。

? ?? ???常見的轉換式是??gmp=(PH+PHB)/9.81-HGT

? ?? ???結果就是離地位勢高度值，PH和PHB以及HGT都是模式結果中已有的變量。HGT是當地地面海拔高度。

http://bbs.06climate.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1860&extra=page%3D1

T Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'perturbation potential temperature (theta-t0)' units = 'K'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME' T_INIT Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'initial potential temperature' units = 'K'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

? ? ?——》T：潛在 的擾動溫度

——》T_INIT：初始的潛在溫度

兩個都和颮線等相關

The potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air having acertain pressure p and temperature ("normal" temp.) would attain ifbrought dry adiabatically to a standard pressure p_0 (this is usuallytaken to be 1000 mbar)?（摘自 http://mailman.ucar.edu/pipermail/wrf-users/2010/001896.html）? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?潛在溫度是具有一定壓力p和溫度(“正常”溫度)的空氣的溫度。)如果絕熱干燥到標準壓力p_0(通常取1000毫巴)。? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?

MU Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'perturbation dry air mass in column' units = 'Pa'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'MUB Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'base state dry air mass in column'units = 'Pa'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

P Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'perturbation pressure'units = 'Pa'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

PB Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'BASE STATE PRESSURE'units = 'Pa'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

FNM Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'upper weight for vertical stretching'units = ''stagger = ''FNP Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'lower weight for vertical stretching'units = ''stagger = ''

?

?

RDNW Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'inverse d(eta) values between full (w) levels'units = ''stagger = ''RDN Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'inverse d(eta) values between half (mass) levels'units = ''stagger = ''DNW Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'd(eta) values between full (w) levels'units = ''stagger = ''DN Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'd(eta) values between half (mass) levels'units = ''stagger = ''

?

T_BASE Size: 29x1Dimensions: bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'Z 'description = 'BASE STATE T IN IDEALIZED CASES'units = 'K'stagger = ''

?

CFN Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'extrapolation constant' units = ''stagger = ''CFN1 Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'extrapolation constant'units = ''stagger = ''

?

?

STEP_NUMBER Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: int32Attributes:FieldType = 106MemoryOrder = '0 'description = ''units = '-'stagger = ''

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?

THIS_IS_AN_IDEAL_RUNSize: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: int32Attributes:FieldType = 106MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'T/F flag: this is an ARW ideal simulation' #T/F標志：這是ARW理想模擬units = '-'stagger = ''

?

?

P_HYD Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'hydrostatic pressure' #靜水壓力”units = 'Pa'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

?

Q2 Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'QV at 2 M' #units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

T2 Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'TEMP at 2 M'units = 'K'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'TH2 Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'POT TEMP at 2 M'units = 'K'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

PSFC Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'SFC PRESSURE'units = 'Pa'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

?

U10 Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'U at 10 M'units = 'm s-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'V10 Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'V at 10 M'units = 'm s-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

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RDX Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'INVERSE X GRID LENGTH'units = ''stagger = ''RDY Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'INVERSE Y GRID LENGTH'units = ''stagger = ''

?

?

DTS Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'SMALL TIMESTEP'units = ''stagger = ''

?

DTSEPS Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'TIME WEIGHT CONSTANT FOR SMALL STEPS'units = ''stagger = ''RESM Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'TIME WEIGHT CONSTANT FOR SMALL STEPS'units = ''stagger = ''

?

?

ZETATOP Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'ZETA AT MODEL TOP'units = ''stagger = ''

?

?

CF1 Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = '2nd order extrapolation constant'units = ''stagger = ''CF2 Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = '2nd order extrapolation constant'units = ''stagger = ''CF3 Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = '2nd order extrapolation constant'units = ''stagger = ''

?

QVAPOR Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'Water vapor mixing ratio'units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

?

QCLOUD Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'Cloud water mixing ratio'units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME' QRAIN Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'Rain water mixing ratio'units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'QICE Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'Ice mixing ratio'units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'QSNOW Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'Snow mixing ratio'units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'QGRAUP Size: 99x109x29x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,bottom_top,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'Graupel mixing ratio'units = 'kg kg-1'stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

FCX Size: 5x1Dimensions: DIM0009,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'C 'description = 'RELAXATION TERM FOR BOUNDARY ZONE'units = ''stagger = ''GCX Size: 5x1Dimensions: DIM0009,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'C 'description = '2ND RELAXATION TERM FOR BOUNDARY ZONE'units = ''stagger = ''

?

?

DTBC Size: 1x1Dimensions: TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = '0 'description = 'TIME SINCE BOUNDARY READ'units = ''stagger = ''

?

TOPOSLPX Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'ELEVATION X SLOPE'units = ''stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'TOPOSLPY Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'ELEVATION Y SLOPE'units = ''stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

SHDMAX Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'ANNUAL MAX VEG FRACTION'units = ''stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'SHDMIN Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'ANNUAL MIN VEG FRACTION'units = ''stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

?

SNOALB Size: 99x109x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XY 'description = 'ANNUAL MAX SNOW ALBEDO IN FRACTION'units = ''stagger = ''coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

?

LANDUSEF Size: 99x109x21x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,land_cat_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'LANDUSE FRACTION BY CATEGORY'units = ''stagger = 'Z'coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

?

?

SOILCTOP Size: 99x109x16x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,soil_cat_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'SOIL CAT FRACTION (TOP)'units = ''stagger = 'Z'coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'SOILCBOT Size: 99x109x16x1Dimensions: west_east,south_north,soil_cat_stag,TimeDatatype: singleAttributes:FieldType = 104MemoryOrder = 'XYZ'description = 'SOIL CAT FRACTION (BOTTOM)'units = ''stagger = 'Z'coordinates = 'XLONG XLAT XTIME'

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?

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