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Aix 6.1下安装Oracle11g详细文档

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1，系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)備
1.1 操作系統(tǒng)版本需求
AIX 5L V5.3 TL 09 SP1 ("5300-09-01"), 64 bit kernel
AIX 6.1 TL 02 SP1 ("6100-02-01), 64-bit kernel

oslevel -s

6100-05-01-1016

[@more@]

1.2 內(nèi)存需求: (At least 4 GB of RAM)
/usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a realmem
realmem 32505856 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False

1.3 Swap空間需求:
Between 4 GB and 8 GB 2 times the size of RAM
Between 8 GB and 32 GB 1.5 times the size of RAM
More than 32 GB 32 GB

/usr/sbin/lsps -a

Page Space Physical Volume Volume Group Size %Used Active Auto Type Chksum
hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 32768MB 1 yes yes lv 0

1.4 確認(rèn)64位操作系統(tǒng):
/usr/bin/getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE
64
bootinfo -K
64

1.5 軟件需求
bos.adt.base
bos.adt.lib
bos.adt.libm
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.2.1 or later
bos.perf.perfstat
bos.perf.proctools
xlC.aix61.rte:10.1.0.0 or later
gpfs.base 3.2.1.8 or later

可選:
gpfs.base (3.2.1.8 or later)(GPFS is required only if you want to use a cluster file system for Oracle clusterware or database files.)

lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat
bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools xlC.aix61.rte
Fileset Level State Description
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
bos.adt.base 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Toolkit
bos.adt.lib 6.1.2.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Libraries
bos.adt.libm 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Math Library
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library
Interface
bos.perf.perfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics
Interface
bos.perf.proctools 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Proc Filesystem Tools
xlC.aix61.rte 10.1.0.3 COMMITTED XL C/C++ Runtime for AIX 6.1

Path: /etc/objrepos
bos.adt.base 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Toolkit
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library
Interface
bos.perf.perfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics
Interface
1.6 系統(tǒng)補(bǔ)丁需求
These 6.1 fixes are already present in the following TL levels:
AIX 6.1 TL-02 SP-04 and later
AIX 6.1 TL-03 SP-02 and later
AIX 6.1 TL-04

1.7 應(yīng)用用戶準(zhǔn)備, 2組1用戶(group: oinstall,dba; user:oracle)
規(guī)劃:
用戶和組id和組id從401開始，用戶名oracle，組名oinstall,dba
用戶limit參數(shù)配置:
Shell Limit (As Shown in smit) Recommended Value
--------------------------------------------------
Soft FILE size -1 (Unlimited)
Soft CPU time -1 (Unlimited)

Note: This is the default value.
Soft DATA segment -1 (Unlimited)
Soft STACK size -1 (Unlimited)
Soft Real Memory size -1 (Unlimited)
Processes (per user) -1 (Unlimited)

測(cè)試oinstall組是否存在，不存在則創(chuàng)建:
more /etc/oraInst.loc
grep oinstall /etc/group

mkgroup -'A' id='401' oinstall

測(cè)試dba組是否存在，不存在則創(chuàng)建
grep dba /etc/group
mkgroup -'A' id='402' dba

測(cè)試oracle用戶是否存在，不存在則創(chuàng)建，primary group: oinstall
id oracle
useradd -d /home/oracle -m -u 401 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

配置oracle用戶limit
smitty user

1.8 系統(tǒng)參數(shù)配置:
1.8.1 配置進(jìn)程數(shù)
Parameter Recommended Value
---------------------------------
maxuprocs 16384
ncargs 128
Maximum number of PROCESSES allowed per user [16384]
ARG/ENV list size in 4K byte blocks [256]

smitty chgsys

1.8.2 配置允許打開文件數(shù)
vi /etc/security/limits
default:
nofiles = 8000

1.8.3 配置aio(On AIX 6, the AIO device drivers are enabled by default)
確認(rèn)aio_maxreqs = 65536
ioo -o aio_maxreqs
aio_maxreqs = 65536

命令ioo -o用來:displays the value or sets Tunable to NewValue
Adjust the initial value of maxservers to 10 times the number of disks that are to be used concurrently but no more than 80.

To monitor the number of AIO server processes that have started, enter the following
ps -ek | grep -v grep | grep -v posix_aioserver | grep -c aioserver

1.8.4 the kernel TCP/IP ephemeral port range parameters are set to 9000-65500
/usr/sbin/no -a | fgrep ephemeral
tcp_ephemeral_low = 32768
tcp_ephemeral_high = 65535
udp_ephemeral_low = 32768
udp_ephemeral_high = 65535

no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_low=9000
no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_high=65500
no -p -o udp_ephemeral_low=9000
no -p -o udp_ephemeral_high=65500

1.9 文件系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)備
At least 1 GB of space in the /tmp directory
At least 7.44 GB space for data files software files
At least 1.55 GB space for data files data files

1.9.1 擴(kuò)展/tmp文件系統(tǒng)4G以上
1.9.2 創(chuàng)建/oradb文件系統(tǒng)30G(先創(chuàng)建lv，手動(dòng)指定lv的名字)
1.9.3 創(chuàng)建/oradata文件系統(tǒng)500G(先創(chuàng)建lv，手動(dòng)指定lv的名字)
1.9.4 修改/oradb和/oradata的用戶屬組和屬主
chown oracle:oinstall /oradb
chown oracle:dba /oradata

1.10 oracle環(huán)境變量準(zhǔn)備
ORACLE_BASE=/oradb/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=qasdb01

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID

確認(rèn)ORACLE_HOME和TNS_ADMIN環(huán)境變量沒有配置
unset ORACLE_HOME
unset TNS_ADMIN

1.11 Oracle軟件準(zhǔn)備
/sapdataremote/ora11gr2/p10098816_112020

2, 圖形方式安裝Oracle軟件
2.1 Running the rootpre.sh Script
su -
cd /sapdataremote/ora11gr2/p10098816_112020/1/database
./rootpre.sh

2.2 Installing Oracle Database
su - oracle
cd /sapdataremote/ora11gr2/p10098816_112020/1/database
./runInstaller
Has 'rootpre.sh' been run by root? [y/n] (n)
y
Configure security Updates: Provide your email address
(Remain empty)
Download Software Updates
Skip software updates
Installation Option
Install database software only
Grid Installation Options
Single instance database installation
Product Languages
English
Simplified Chinese
Database Edition
Enterprise Edition
Installation Location
Oracle Base: /oradb/app/oracle
Software Location: /oradb/app/oracle/g11
Create Inventory
Inventory Directory: /oradb/app/oraInventory
oraInventory Group Name: oinstall
Operating System Group
Database Administrator Group: dba
Database Operator Group: dba
Prerequisite Checks
如果有check Failed:
點(diǎn)擊Fix & Check Again，會(huì)在/tmp目錄下產(chǎn)生一個(gè)runfixup.sh，用root執(zhí)行runfixup.sh，執(zhí)行完畢，點(diǎn)擊OK
Install Product
安裝最后，使用root執(zhí)行腳本:
/oradb/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/oradb/app/oracle/g11/root.sh
設(shè)置: ORACLE_HOME= /oradb/app/oracle/g11

3, 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
3.1 修改環(huán)境變量

PATH=$PATH:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/bin:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/OPatch:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/jdk/jre/bin:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/owb/bin:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/owb/bin/unix
ORACLE_BASE=/oradb/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=qasdb01
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
ORACLE_HOME=/oradb/app/oracle/g11
LIBPATH=:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/lib

export PATH ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID NLS_LANG ORACLE_HOME LIBPATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH

3.2 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，圖形方式運(yùn)行dbca
dbca
Step 2 - Database Templates
Custom Database(select)
Step 3 - Database Identification
Global Database Name:qasdb01;
SID: qasdb01
Step 4 - Management Options
Configure Enterprise Manager(no select)
Automatic Maintenance Tasks: Enable automatic maintenance tasks(select)
Step 5 - Database Credentials
Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts: xxxxxxxx
Step 6 - Database File Locations
Storage Type: File System
Use Common Location for All Database Files: /oradata
Step 7 - Recovery Configuration
Specify Fast Recovery Area(select)
Fast Recovery Area: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/fast_recovery_area
Fast Recovery Area Size: 4977M
Enable Archiving(select)
Automatic Archiving(select)
archive Log File Format: %t_%s_%r.dbf
Archive Log Destinations: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/archivelog
Step 8 - Database Content
Oracle Text(select)
Oracle OLAP(select)
Oracle Spatial(select)
Enterprise Manager Repository(select)
Oracle Warehouse Builder(select)
Step 9 - Initialization Parameters
Memory: Custom
SGA Size: 10240M
PGA Size: 5120M
Sizing
Block Size: 8192Byte
Processes: 2000
Character Sets
Database Character Set: AL32UTF8
National Character Set: UTF8
Connection Mode
Dedicated Server Mode(select)

All Initialization Parameters
audit_file_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/adump
control_file: ("/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl", "/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl")
core_dump_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/cdump
db_files: 500
diagnostic_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump
open_cursors: 3000
open_links: 20
open_links_per_instance: 20
Step 10 - Database Storage
Controlfile
control01.ctl: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
control02.ctl: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
Step 11 - Creation Options
Create Database(select)
Save as a Database Template(select)
Name: qasdb01
Generate Database Creation Scripts
Directory: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/scripts

Database Components:

Memory: Custom
SGA Size: 10240M
PGA Size: 5120M
Sizing
Block Size: 8192Byte
Processes: 2000
Character Sets
Database Character Set: AL32UTF8
National Character Set: UTF8
Connection Mode: Dedicated Server Mode
All Initialization Parameters
audit_file_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/adump
control_file: ("/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl", "/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl")
core_dump_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/cdump
db_files: 500
open_links:20
open_links_per_instance: 20
diagnostic_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump
Redo Log Groups
Log File Size: 500M

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