首先說明一下，我是在虛擬機中裝的Ubuntu14.04，物理機是Win10，最初只是為了在兩個系統間傳輸文件才在Ubuntu中安裝了ftp服務器，從Windows端登陸其即可。最初也是按照網上的各種教程來配置，結果就是喜聞樂見的各種報錯不能用，或者說無法登陸等等。這里，分享一下我自己的配置過程，按照步驟來就沒有問題。

我對ftp服務器的需求是：

不允許匿名訪問，因為我不想其他機器隨便都能登陸上來；

鎖定一個共享目錄，在這個目錄下我可以上傳和下載文件，進行文件共享；

不單獨建立ftp用戶，本機就可以訪問；

好了，開始安裝。

sudo apt-get install vsftpd

很快就可以安裝完成。

接下來配置vsftpd.conf文件，位于etc目錄下。

sudo gedit /etc/vsftpd.conf

更改相應的配置：

1、我不希望別人匿名登陸：

2、鎖定一個共享目錄：（自己指定一個文件夾就可以，我用的是/home/xhb/ftp）

3、本機可以訪問：

4、允許寫操作：

5、不單獨建立ftp用戶，直接使用Ubuntu桌面用戶就可以登陸：

這里有用到/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list這個文件，沒有就新建立一個：

sudo gedit /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

在文件中填入允許登陸的賬號名。（我的桌面用戶名是xhb，也可以添加其他用戶名）

然后配置接OK了。

完整配置文件（/etc/vsftpd.conf）：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # # Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone # daemon started from an initscript. listen=YES # # Run standalone with IPv6? # Like the listen parameter, except vsftpd will listen on an IPv6 socket # instead of an IPv4 one. This parameter and the listen parameter are mutually # exclusive. #listen_ipv6=YES # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default) anonymous_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) #local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. #anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time # in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The # times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this # option. use_localtime=YES # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format. # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case. #xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails # # You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for # the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or # chroot_list_enable below. #chroot_local_user=YES # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the # chroot) #chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # Customization # # Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by # default. # # This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the # directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used # as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem # access. secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty # # This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use. pam_service_name=vsftpd # # This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL # encrypted connections. rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem # This option specifies the location of the RSA key to use for SSL # encrypted connections. rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key# xhb added local_root=/home/xhb/ftp

現在重啟FTP，讓之前的配置生效。

sudo service vsftpd restart

到這里就OK了。登上去看看。
首先，查看IP地址。

我的本地IP地址是192.168.139.135。
在Windows資源管理器中輸入：ftp://（你的IP地址）

輸入賬戶名和密碼后即可登錄了。

登錄的路徑就是設為共享文件夾的那個路徑。

備注：
如果出現無法登錄的情況，原因可能是這樣：
之前在配置時，我們做了如下配置來指定允許登陸的用戶：

提出來看看：

chroot_list_enable=YES chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

配合使用，使得只有在vsftpd.chroot_list中配置的用戶才能登錄FTP。
然而vsftpd.chroot_list中配置的用戶，對于local_list指定的目錄不允許有些的權限。
所以對于共享目錄不能有寫的權限，如果有我們必須把它去掉。

查看ftp目錄的權限。

ls -l

去掉寫權限。

chmod u-w,g-w ftp ls -l

從顯示信息的最前面可以看到，ftp的寫權限已經去掉了。接下來就可以正常登陸了。

參考鏈接：
http://www.cnblogs.com/bcsflilong/p/4200139.html

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