前言

redhat系統安裝好盡管默認帶有yum，但是redhat的更新包只對注冊用戶有效，對于我們這些窮人來說，只有自己手動更改成CentOS的更新包了。
最初在網上查找資料：Redhat 7使用CentOS 7的Yum網絡源
基本的流程就是：

刪除redhat7.0系統自帶的yum軟件包；

自行下載所需要的軟件包；

根據依賴項安裝；

新建repo配置文件。
一般來說，之后就可以正常使用了。可能還會遇到一些依賴項的問題，后面會提到。

流程

1、查看自帶的yum軟件包

[root@xhb yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep yum yum-utils-1.1.31-24.el7.noarch yum-langpacks-0.4.2-3.el7.noarch yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64 yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-4.el7.noarch PackageKit-yum-0.8.9-11.el7.x86_64 yum-3.4.3-118.el7.noarch

這下面列出來的軟件包，要記住一下，后面要根據其來搜索rpm包來安裝新版本。比如”yum-utils”、”yum-langpacks”等等。

2、卸載這些安裝包

rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

3、保證上網正常

ping www.baidu.com

4、進入以下網站下載對應的rpm包

阿里云網絡源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
網易163網絡源地址：http://mirrors.163.com/
CentOS網絡源地址：http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/
使用CTRL+F輸入關鍵字查找對應的安裝包即可。

5、找到安裝包后下載下來

由于輸出結果較多，故省略，下面是指令：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm

6、安裝

輸入指令rpm -ivh yum-*，遇到報錯，依賴項問題。

[root@xhb Packages]# rpm -ivh yum-* warning: yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies:rpm >= 0:4.11.3-22 is needed by yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch

另外再回去找安裝包下載下來：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm

輸入指令更新rpm：

rpm -Uvh rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

再次運行rpm -ivh yum-*，可以正常安裝了。

[root@xhb Packages]# rpm -ivh yum-* warning: yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing...1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 20%]2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-4################################# [ 40%]3:yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos ################################# [ 60%]4:yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-42.el7 ################################# [ 80%]5:yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7 ################################# [100%]

7、新建repo配置文件

創建repo文件：

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

輸入以下內容：

#CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$7 - Base - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=os baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$7 - Updates - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$7 - Extras - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$7 - Plus - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

8、測試yum是否配置成功

隨便下一個軟件看看：

[root@xhb yum.repos.d]# yum -y install tree Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. base | 3.6 kB 00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/4): base/x86_64/group_gz | 156 kB 00:00 (2/4): extras/x86_64/primary_db | 166 kB 00:00 (3/4): base/x86_64/primary_db | 5.7 MB 00:02 (4/4): updates/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:02 Determining fastest mirrors Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing:tree x86_64 1.6.0-10.el7 base 46 kTransaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 PackageTotal download size: 46 k Installed size: 87 k Downloading packages: warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/$releasever/base/packages/tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY Public key for tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 46 kB 00:00 Retrieving key from http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5From : http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. ** Found 4 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows: PackageKit-0.8.9-11.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of PackageKit-backend rhn-check-2.0.2-5.el7.noarch has missing requires of yum-rhn-plugin >= ('0', '1.6.4', '1') rpm-libs-4.11.1-16.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of rpm = ('0', '4.11.1', '16.el7') rpm-python-4.11.1-16.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of rpm = ('0', '4.11.1', '16.el7')Installing : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed:tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 Complete!

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