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使用Spring框架开发会遇到的所有异常及解决方案(持续更)

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2025/3/21 javascript 42 豆豆

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①org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException

Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sms.spring.pojo.Person] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: person1,person2
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:312)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:985)
at com.sms.spring.test.TestPerson.main(TestPerson.java:22)

異常原因：Spring的配置文件中配置了一個(gè)類的多個(gè)bean，而通過bean獲取對(duì)象的時(shí)候使用的getBean(Class)方法，程序不知道獲取這個(gè)類的哪個(gè)bean，因此報(bào)異常。

解決方案：如果在配置文件中配置了多個(gè)bean，則獲取對(duì)象的時(shí)候避免使用getBean（Class< T >）方法，使用getBean（String name）方法通過id選擇較為合理

②Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException

Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.sms.spring.pojo.Person.()
at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:3082)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.java:2178)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:80)
… 14 more

異常原因：Spring通過反射創(chuàng)建對(duì)象的時(shí)候需要用到該類中的無參構(gòu)造器，而你寫的類中沒有。

解決方案：給類實(shí)體類加上無參構(gòu)造器。

③Caused by: org.springframework.beans.NotWritablePropertyException

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.NotWritablePropertyException: Invalid property ‘list’ of bean class [com.sms.spring.pojo.Teacher]: Bean property ‘list’ is not writable or has an invalid setter method. Does the parameter type of the setter match the return type of the getter?
at org.springframework.beans.BeanWrapperImpl.setPropertyValue(BeanWrapperImpl.java:1060)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanWrapperImpl.setPropertyValue(BeanWrapperImpl.java:918)
at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:82)
at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:62)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1489)
… 13 more

異常原因：通過Spring創(chuàng)建對(duì)象后,依賴注入屬性時(shí),某些屬性未添加getter/setter方法,因此報(bào)錯(cuò)。

解決方案：給實(shí)體類加上缺失的getter/setter方法。

④Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sms.spring.service.UserService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1100)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:960)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
… 15 more

異常原因：spring未找到這樣的一個(gè)bean,可能是這個(gè)類沒掃描到,包掃描出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤;可能是注解加錯(cuò)了或沒加注解。

解決方案：設(shè)置正確的包掃描,并檢查所有的注解是否標(biāo)注正確沒有遺漏。

⑤Error creating bean with name ‘mathImpl’ defined in file :

Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘mathImpl’ defined in file [E:\developer_tools\java\workspace\SSM\day3_spring\target\classes\com\sms\spring\aop\MathImpl.class]: Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Pointcut is not well-formed: expecting ‘)’ at character position 0
execution(* com.sms.spring.aop.MathImpl.add(int,int)
^
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:547)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at com.sms.spring.aop.Test.main(Test.java:9)

異常原因：創(chuàng)建bean失敗,使用spring進(jìn)行aop開發(fā)時(shí),切入點(diǎn)表達(dá)式寫錯(cuò)了。

解決方案：檢查切入點(diǎn)表達(dá)式是否缺失’)’,’,'等。

⑥Class ‘org.springframework.transaction.event.TransactionalEventListenerFactory’ not found:

異常原因：spring未從項(xiàng)目中加載命名空間。

解決方案：

⑦java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Expected MultipartHttpServletRequest: is a MultipartResolver configured?

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Expected MultipartHttpServletRequest: is a MultipartResolver configured?
at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:112)
at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver.resolveName(RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver.java:161)
at org.springframework.web.method.annotation.AbstractNamedValueMethodArgumentResolver.resolveArgument(AbstractNamedValueMethodArgumentResolver.java:86)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.resolveArgument(HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.java:79)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.getMethodArgumentValues(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:157)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:124)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:104)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:748)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:689)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:83)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:218)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:110
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$ Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

異常原因：spring實(shí)現(xiàn)上傳功能的時(shí)候沒有配置MultipartResolver解析器,java中的file類型不能轉(zhuǎn)化為MultpartFile類型。

解決方案：在springMVC加入一個(gè)bean,class=“org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver”。

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