• 概述
• 在shell中開啟alias
• 實際操作

概述

眾所周知，shell腳本使用的是非交互式方式，在非交互式模式下alias擴展功能默認是關閉的，此時雖然可以定義alias別名，但是shell不會將alias別名擴展成對應的命令，而是將alias別名本身當作命令執行，如果shell內置命令和PATH中均沒有與alias別名同名的命令，則shell會找不到指定的命令。

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在shell中開啟alias

使用shell內置命令shopt命令來開啟alias擴展選項。shopt是shell的內置命令，可以控制shell功能選項的開啟和關閉，從而控制shell的行為

常用命令：

CommandDesc

shopt -s opt_name	Enable (set) opt_name.
shopt -u opt_name	Disable (unset) opt_name.
shopt opt_name	Show current status of opt_name.

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比如

查看同義詞是否開啟（交互模式下）

[/xgj/gj]$shopt expand_aliases expand_aliases on

shopt expand_aliases在交互式模式下 默認是打開的，在非交互式模式下是關閉的,但可以用可shopt來將其開啟

shopt -s expand_aliases

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實際操作

在我們的項目中某個模塊的雙機啟動腳本（root用戶下操作），其中應用的啟停使用了alias建立的同義詞來操作，如果想要在腳本中使用，必須開啟同義詞才。

項目啟動中會依賴一些環境變量，所以雙機啟動腳本中需要顯式的引入.bash_profile文件。

所以我們將 開啟alias的命令放在 .bash_profile中。

source .bash_profile 生效。

腳本如下:

#!/bin/bash ############################################## ## Name: drm_script.ps ## Desc: Duplex switch script of DRM ## Param: None ## Author: Mr Yang ## Date: 2017-07-25 ## Version:V1.0 ## Comment: /drm/.bash_profile must set "shopt -s expand_aliases" so that the alias in the script works well ###############################################atcive the environment variable source /drm/.bash_profile#main menu of tomcat and jobserver tomcat_jobserver_menu=/drm/drm#main menu of uip and bp1 uip_bp1_menu=/drm/zsmart-uip-8.1.0/bin#stauts of tomcat(webserver) pgrep -f "\-Dz_app=cvbs" status_tomcat=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=cvbs | wc -l)#status of jobserver status_jobserver=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=jobserver | wc -l)#status of uip status_uip=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=uip | wc -l)#status of bp1 status_bp1=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=bp1 | wc -l)#pid of tomcat pid_tomcat=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=cvbs)#pid of jobserver pid_jobserver=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=jobserver)#pid of uip pid_uip=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=uip)#pid of bp1 pid_bp1=$(pgrep -f Dz_app=bp1)######################################### # #start all processes including tomcat/jobserver/uip/bp1 #start tomcat/jobserver with drmtool #start uip/bp1 with uip.sh # ######################################### startProcess(){echo "stop first"#there are some problems if you execute startProcess twice or more times,so stop process first stopProcess#start jobserver and tomcatecho "begin to start [tomcat,jobserver]"su - drm -c "cd $tomcat_jobserver_menu; jobstart ; start; exit" > /dev/null 2>&1echo "sleep 5 seconds..."sleep 5echo "begin to start [uip,bp1]"#start uip and bp1su - drm -c "cd $uip_bp1_menu; startuip; startbp1; exit" > /dev/null 2>&1 }######################################### # #stop all processes including tomcat/jobserver/uip/bp1 #stop tomcat/jobserver with drmtool #stop uip/bp1 with uip.sh # ######################################### stopProcess(){#stop tomcat、jobserverecho "begin to stop process[tomcat,jobserver]"su - drm -c "cd $tomcat_jobserver_menu ; stop ; jobstop ; exit" > /dev/null 2>&1echo "process[tomcat,jobserver] stopped sucessfully ,sleep 3 seconds"sleep 3#stop uip、bp1echo "begin to stop process[uip,bp1]"su - drm -c "cd $uip_bp1_menu && stopbp1 && stopuip && exit" > /dev/null 2>&1echo process[uip,bp1] stopped sucessfully }######################################### # #print the status of each process # ######################################### status(){#status of tomcatcheck_status $status_tomcat tomcat#status of jobservercheck_status $status_jobserver jobserver #status of uipcheck_status $status_uip uip#status of bp1check_status $status_bp1 bp1 } ######################################### # #public function #checking status of each process # ######################################### check_status(){if [ $1 -eq 1 ] ; then echo "$2 is working..."elif [ $1 -gt 1 ] ;then echo -e " \033[31m more than one $2 process has been start, make sure only one process exists \033[0m " else echo -e " \033[31m $2 stopped \033[0m " fi }######################################### # #stop all processes by force #find the pid ,and kill the pid # ######################################### forcedstop(){#kill tomcatkill_process $pid_tomcat cvbs #kill jobserverkill_process $pid_jobserver jobserver#kill uipkill_process $pid_uip uip#kill bp1kill_process $pid_bp1 bp1 }######################################### # #public function #kill each process # ######################################### kill_process(){#check the length of $1 [zero:false, non-zero:true] #two parameters [$1->pid, $2->processName],if $1 is null ,$2 will replace $1 ,$2 turns to $1, so make sure $1 is numberif [[ -n $1 && $1 -gt 0 ]] ; then echo "pid: $1 , process: $2"kill -9 $1 if [ $? == 0 ] ; then echo "pid: $1 , process: $2 has been stopped successfully"sleep 1fielse echo -e " \033[31mpgrep -f Dz_app=$1 without result, $1 has been stopped \033[0m " fi }######################################### # # $1 variable # $1 can only with (start/stop/status/restart/forcedstop) # ######################################### case "$1" in'start')startProcess;;'stop')stopProcess;;'status')status;;'restart')#stopProcess#sleep 3startProcess;;'forcedstop')forcedstop;;*)echo -e "\033[31m Usage: $0 { start | stop | restart | forcedstop | status} \033[0m"exit 1 esacexit 0

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