目錄

字符串

列表

元組

字典

字符串

print(word) print(sentence) print(paragraph)my_str1 = "I'm a student" print(my_str1)my_str2 = 'I\'m a student' #與上面雙引號(hào)的區(qū)別：當(dāng)單引號(hào)中間出現(xiàn)單引號(hào)是要用\轉(zhuǎn)義，雙引號(hào)同理 print(my_str2)str = "chengdu" print(str) print(str[0:5]) #[起始位置：結(jié)束位置：步長(zhǎng)] print(str[0:6:2])print(str[5:])print(str + "nihao") print("hello\n chengdu") #使用反斜杠，轉(zhuǎn)義字符 print(r"hello\n chengdu") #在雙引號(hào)前面加r，不轉(zhuǎn)義

字符串常見操作

列表

namelist = ["小張","小王","小李"]name = [] #定義一個(gè)空的列表namelist = ["小張","小王","小李"]testlist = [1,"測(cè)試"] #列表中可以存儲(chǔ)混合類型print(type(testlist[0])) print(testlist[1])print(namelist[0]) print(namelist[1]) print(namelist[2])for name in namelist:print(name)print(len(namelist))length = len(namelist)i = 0 while i < length:print(namelist[i])i += 1#增加：[append] 在末尾增加一個(gè)元素print("-----增加前，名單列表的數(shù)據(jù)-----") for name in namelist:print(name)nametemp = input("請(qǐng)輸入添加學(xué)生的姓名：") namelist.append(nametemp)print("-----增加前，名單列表的數(shù)據(jù)-----") for name in namelist:print(name)a = [1,2] b = [3,4] a.append(b) #將列表當(dāng)成一個(gè)元素加入a中 print(a)a.extend(b) print(a) #將列表中的每個(gè)元素，逐一追加到a列表中#增： [insert]a = [0,1,2] a.insert(1,3) #第一個(gè)變量表示下標(biāo)，第二個(gè)表示元素對(duì)象 print(a) #指定下標(biāo)位置插入元素#刪 [del] [pop] movename = ["加勒比海盜","駭客帝國(guó)","第一滴血","速度與激情","指環(huán)王","指環(huán)王"]print("-----刪除前，電影列表的數(shù)據(jù)-----") for name in movename:print(name)del movename[2] #在指定位置刪除一個(gè)元素#movename.pop() #在末尾彈出最后一個(gè)元素movename.remove("指環(huán)王") #刪除列表中指定的元素，注意：如果元素有多個(gè)，則刪除找到的第一個(gè)元素print("-----刪除后，名單列表的數(shù)據(jù)-----") for name in movename:print(name)#改：print("-----修改前，名單列表的數(shù)據(jù)-----") for name in namelist:print(name)namelist[1] = "小紅 " #指定修改元素的下標(biāo)print("-----修改后，名單列表的數(shù)據(jù)-----") for name in namelist:print(name)#查 [in ， not in]findName = input("請(qǐng)輸入你要查找的學(xué)生姓名：")if findName in namelist:print("在學(xué)員名單中找到了相同的名字") else:print("沒有找到")myList = ["a","b","c","a","d"]print(myList.index("a",1,4)) #可以查找指定下標(biāo)范圍的元素，并返回找到對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)的下標(biāo)print(myList.index("a",1,3)) #范圍區(qū)間，左閉右開，[1,3),找不到會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)myList = ["a","b","c","a","d"]print(myList.count("c"))#排序a = [1,4,2,3] print(a) a.reverse() #將列表所有元素反轉(zhuǎn) print(a)a.sort() #升序 print(a) a.sort(reverse = True) print(a)#schoolNames = [[],[],[]] #有三個(gè)元素得空列表，每個(gè)元素都是一個(gè)空列表schoolName = [["北京大學(xué)","清華大學(xué)"],["南方科技大學(xué)","深圳大學(xué)"],["河南理工大學(xué)","河南科技大學(xué)"]]print(schoolName[0][0])import randomoffices = [[],[],[]] names = ["A","B","C","D","G","E","F","H"]for name in names:index = random.randint(0,2)offices[index].append(name)i = 1 for office in offices:print("辦公室%d的人數(shù)為：%d"%(i,len(office)))i += 1for name in office :print("%s"%name,end="\t")print("\n")print("-"*20)

元組

tup1 = () #創(chuàng)建空的元組 print(type(tup1))tup2 = (50) #不是元組了 tup3 = (50,) #元組類型，元組的標(biāo)志不是括號(hào)，而是逗號(hào) tup4 = (50,60,70)print(type(tup2)) print(type(tup3)) print(type(tup4))tup1 = ("abc","def",2323,333,444,555)print(tup1[0]) print(tup1[-1]) #訪問(wèn)最后一個(gè)元素 print(tup1[1:5]) #左閉右開#增 (連接) tup1 = (12,34,56) tup2 = ("abc","efg")tup = tup1 + tup2print(tup)#刪 tup1 = (12,3,4) print(tup1)del tup1print("刪除后") print(tup1)#改#tup1 = (12,34,56) #tup1[0] = 10 #不允許修改，會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)

字典

#字典的定義 info = {"name":"jeffchen","age":18}#字典的訪問(wèn) print(info["name"]) print(info["age"])#訪問(wèn)了不存在的鍵 #print(info["gender"]) #直接訪問(wèn)不存在的鍵，會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)print(info.get("gender")) #使用get方法，沒有找到對(duì)應(yīng)的鍵，默認(rèn)返回Noneprint(info.get("age","20")) print(info.get("gender","m")) #沒找到的時(shí)候可以設(shè)定默認(rèn)值info = {"name":"jeffchen","age":18} #增 newID = input("請(qǐng)輸入新的學(xué)號(hào)：") info["id"] = newIDprint(info["id"])#刪 [del] [clear]info = {"name":"jeffchen","age":18}print("刪除前：%s"%info["name"])del info["name"]print("刪除后：%s"%info["name"]) #刪除了一個(gè)鍵值對(duì)，運(yùn)行會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)info = {"name":"jeffchen","age":18} print("刪除前：%s"%info["name"]) del info print("刪除前：%s"%info["name"]) #刪除整個(gè)字典會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)info = {"name":"jeffchen","age":18} print("清空前：%s"%info)info.clear()print("清空后：%s"%info)#改info = {"name":"jeffchen","age":18} info["age"] = 20 print(info["age"])#查 info = {"id":1,"name":"jeffchen","age":18} print(info.keys()) #得到所有的鍵 print(info.values()) #得到所有的值 print(info.items()) #得到所有的項(xiàng)（列表）#遍歷所有的值 info = {"id":1,"name":"jeffchen","age":18} for key,value in info.items():print("key=%s,value=%s"%(key,value)) '''# 枚舉類型函數(shù)，同事拿到下標(biāo)和內(nèi)容 myList = ["a","b","c","d"] for i,x in enumerate(myList):print(i,x)

總結(jié)

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