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Separating touching objects in an image is one of the more difficult image processing operations. The watershed transform is often applied to this problem. The watershed transform finds "catchment basins"(集水盆) and "watershed ridge lines"(山脊線) in an image by treating it as a surface where light pixels are high and dark pixels are low.

如果圖像中的目標物體是連接在一起的，則分割起來會更困難，分水嶺分割算法經常用于處理這類問題，通常會取得比較好的效果。分水嶺分割算法把圖像看成一幅“地形圖”，其中亮度比較強的區域像素值較大，而比較暗的區域像素值較小，通過尋找“匯水盆地”和“分水嶺界限”，對圖像進行分割。

Segmentation using the watershed transform works better if you can identify, or "mark," foreground objects and background locations. Marker-controlled watershed segmentation follows this basic procedure:

直接應用分水嶺分割算法的效果往往并不好，如果在圖像中對前景對象和背景對象進行標注區別

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