前言：mac系統自帶python，不過以當前mac系統的最新版本為例，自帶的python版本都是2.*版本，雖然不影響老版本項目的運行，但是python最新的3.*版本的一些語法與2.*版本并不相同，網上的教程大神們也肯定都更新出了最新版的教程，我們不論是學習還是使用，當然用最新版會更好一點。

1、在安裝最新版Python3.*之前，我們先熟悉一下系統自帶的python。

Mac系統自帶python路徑為／System／Library／Frameworks／Python.framework/Version,我們先來打開目錄看一下：

open /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions

我們看到這里有多個python版本，而在Current目錄下存放的是系統當前的python版本。

mac既然自帶了python，當然肯定配置好了python的全局命令，我們直接在終端運行：

python

運行正常。到這里也差不多對mac系統自帶的python有所了解，接下來我們開始安裝最新版本的python。

2、開始安裝(這里我們使用神器homebrew，還不熟悉此神器的小伙伴請自行百度，也可點擊鏈接直接前往下載)

安裝前先搜索一下是否已經存在python3的包：

brew search python3

已經存在，我們可以直接安裝了：

brew install python3

==>Auto-updated Homebrew!

Updated 1 tap (homebrew/core).

==>Updated Formulae

angular-cli fluent-bitlinks postgresql@9.6texmath

byacc fnmlt qcachegrind tile38

caddy ipython osrm-backendrhino wtf

cfitsio ipython@5 postgresqlsiril

cfssl libpq postgresql@9.4sundials

dnscrypt-proxylibpqxx postgresql@9.5synfig

==>Installing dependencies for python:sphinx-doc,gdbm,openssl,sqlite,xz

==>Installing python dependency:sphinx-doc

==>Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/sphinx-doc-1.7.4.high_sierr

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Pouring sphinx-doc-1.7.4.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz

==>Caveats

This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,

because this formula is mainly used internally by other formulae.

Users are advised to use `pip` to install sphinx-doc.

If you need to have this software first in your PATH run:

echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sphinx-doc/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

==>Summary

🍺/usr/local/Cellar/sphinx-doc/1.7.4: 2,642 files, 36.8MB

==>Installing python dependency:gdbm

==>Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/gdbm-1.14.1_1.high_sierra.b

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Pouring gdbm-1.14.1_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz

🍺/usr/local/Cellar/gdbm/1.14.1_1: 20 files, 555.7KB

==>Installing python dependency:openssl

==>Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/openssl-1.0.2o_1.high_sierr

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Pouring openssl-1.0.2o_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz

==>Caveats

A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the SystemRoots

keychain. To add additional certificates (e.g. the certificates added in

the System keychain), place .pem files in

/usr/local/etc/openssl/certs

and run

/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin/c_rehash

This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,

because Apple has deprecated use of OpenSSL in favor of its own TLS and crypto libraries.

If you need to have this software first in your PATH run:

echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find this software you may need to set:

LDFLAGS:-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib

CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include

For pkg-config to find this software you may need to set:

PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/pkgconfig

==>Summary

🍺/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2o_1: 1,791 files, 12.3MB

==>Installing python dependency:sqlite

==>Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/sqlite-3.23.1.high_sierra.b

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Pouring sqlite-3.23.1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz

==>Caveats

This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,

because macOS provides an older sqlite3.

If you need to have this software first in your PATH run:

echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find this software you may need to set:

LDFLAGS:-L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib

CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include

For pkg-config to find this software you may need to set:

PKG_CONFIG_PATH: /usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig

==>Summary

🍺/usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.23.1: 11 files, 3MB

==>Installing python dependency:xz

==>Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/xz-5.2.4.high_sierra.bottle

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Pouring xz-5.2.4.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz

🍺/usr/local/Cellar/xz/5.2.4: 92 files, 1MB

==>Installingpython

Warning:Building python from source:

The bottle needs the Apple Command Line Tools to be installed.

You can install them, if desired, with:

xcode-select --install

==>Downloading https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tar.xz

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.5 --enable-ipv6 --dataroot

==>make

==>make install PYTHONAPPSDIR=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.5

==>make frameworkinstallextras PYTHONAPPSDIR=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.6.5/sha

==>Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/72/c2/c09362ab29338413ab

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ae/e8/2340d46ecadb1692a1

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5d/c1/45947333669b31bc6b

######################################################################## 100.0%

==>make html

Error:An unexpected error occurred during the `brew link` step

The formula built, but is not symlinked into /usr/local

Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /usr/local/Frameworks

Error:Permission denied @ dir_s_mkdir - /usr/local/Frameworks

所有的包都下載完畢，但是我們卻發現最后報了兩條錯誤，大概意思是公式已經建立，但是在創建連接的時候因為沒有權限而發生意外錯誤。在報錯信息里我們看到一個目錄/usr/local/Frameworks，我們先去找一下這個目錄：

open /usr/local/Frameworks

發現這個目錄竟然不存在，那我們就來手動創建一個：

sudo mkdir /usr/local/Frameworks

創建好目錄之后，再來解決權限問題：

sudo chown $(whoami):admin /usr/local/Frameworks

不報錯即為修改成功，修改好權限之后，還需要手動執行一下安裝時未完成的創建連接：

brew link python3

連接成功。咱們來查看一下當前系統下的python3的信息：

brew info python3

發現python3被安裝到了/usr/local/bin/python3目錄下，有興趣的小伙伴自行前往查看想過配置文件。

到這里python3的安裝就算完成了，不過可能有小伙伴已經發現，不管是在終端運行python -V查看版本號還是直接運行python啟動python命令行模式，默認的python版本還是系統自帶的2.*版本。其實這時候只運行命令時需要把python改為python3就行了，當然，有興趣的小伙伴也可以嘗試配置一下默認版本，把當前系統的默認版本修改為3.*版本。知乎上已經貼出了各種各樣的方法，我這里就不多做贅述了。

后記:

幫同事用上面的方法安裝不了，就去了官網下載了安裝包安裝

解析器的位置在 /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3.7 (在配置文件里面也有記錄)

總結

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