凡是在Cortex M系列內核上寫過程序的程序員, 沒有不知道Hard Fault的. 大多數程序出現問題的表現就是進入Hard Fault.

但是進入Hard Fault的原因是甚么, 為了查明這個問題, 不少程序員為之廢寢忘食...

Hard Fault的設計初衷就是為了程序出錯之后提供一個預警機制, 但是進入Hard Fault的原因有很多. 所以把這個問題研究透對調試排錯意義很大.

相比于其他型號, Cortex M0只有一種Fault就是Hard Fault. 本帖以幾個實驗稍稍探究一下子發生Fault的原因.

首先看手冊, Cortex M0發生Hard Fault的原因有如下幾種:

Faults are a subset of exceptions, see Exception model on page 2-19. All faults result in

the HardFault exception being taken or cause lockup if they occur in the NMI or

HardFault handler. The faults are:

? execution of an SVC instruction at a priority equal or higher than SVCall

? execution of a BKPT instruction without a debugger attached

? a system-generated bus error on a load or store

? execution of an instruction from an XN memory address

? execution of an instruction from a location for which the system generates a bus fault

? a system-generated bus error on a vector fetch

? execution of an Undefined instruction

? execution of an instruction when not in Thumb-State as a result of the T-bit being previously cleared to 0

? an attempted load or store to an unaligned address.

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