前言：在與傳統的asp.net MVC項目相比,.net core項目在項目目錄的文件結構上和功能上與前者都有很大的區別。例如：在.net core中使用Startup.cs取代Global.asax文件用于加載應用程序的配置和各種啟動項。appsettings.json取代web.config文件用于存儲應用程序所需的配置參數等等。。。

OK！步入正題,下面來說一下如何讀取Json配置文件中的參數。

第一種:使用IConfiguration接口

我們先在appsettings.json中配置好數據庫連接字符串,然后讀取它

{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*"}

在控制器中注入IConfiguration接口

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;namespace Read.json.Controllers{ [ApiController] [Route("[controller]")] public class ReadController : Controller { private IConfiguration _configuration; public ReadController(IConfiguration configuration) { _configuration = configuration; } [HttpPost] public async Task ReadJson() { //讀參 string conn = _configuration["Connection:dbContent"]; return ""; } }}

當然也可以讀取數組形式的json,一樣的先在appsettings.json中寫好配置參數，如下：

{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content": [ { "Trade_name": { "test1": "小熊餅干", "test2": "旺仔QQ糖", "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*"}

比如我們想讀取test1

string commodity_test1 = _configuration["Content:0:Trade_name:test1"];

第二種：使用IOptions來讀取json配置文件

先把NuGet包導進項目：Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions

首先在appsettings.json中添加節點如下

{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content": [ { "Trade_name": { "test1": "小熊餅干", "test2": "旺仔QQ糖", "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*", //============================== "Information": { "school": { "Introduce": { "Name": "實驗小學", "Class": "中班", "Number": "15人" }, "Region": { "Province": "湖北", "City": "武漢", "Area": "洪山區" }, "Detailed_address": [ { "Address": "佳園路207號" } ] } } //==============================}

然和再建立一個與這個節點”相同”的類

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Read.json{ public class Information { public School school { get; set; } } public class School { public Introduce Introduce { get; set; } public Region Region { get; set; } public List data { get; set; } } public class Introduce { public string Name { get; set; } public string Class { get; set; } public string Number { get; set; } } public class Region { public string Province { get; set; } public string City { get; set; } public string Area { get; set; } } public class Detailed_address { public string Address { get; set; } }}

在Startup中添加如下代碼

#region 服務注冊,在控制器中通過注入的形式使用 services.AddOptions(); services.Configure(Configuration.GetSection("Information")); #endregion

控制器中使用：

{ "Connection": { "dbContent": "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=test;User ID=sa;Password=123456" }, //------------------------ "Content": [ { "Trade_name": { "test1": "小熊餅干", "test2": "旺仔QQ糖", "test3": "娃哈哈牛奶" } } ], //------------------------ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Information", "Microsoft": "Warning", "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*", //============================== "Information": { "school": { "Introduce": { "Name": "實驗小學", "Class": "中班", "Number": "15人" }, "Region": { "Province": "湖北", "City": "武漢", "Area": "洪山區" }, "Detailed_address": [ { "Address": "佳園路207號" } ] } } //==============================}

第三種：這種應該比較常見,任意讀取自定義的json文件

首先建立一個json文件

{ "system_version": { "Edition": ".Net Core 3.0", "Project_Name": "Read.json" }}

再建一個類,封裝一個方法

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Read.json{ public class Json_File { public IConfigurationRoot Read_Json_File() { //這句代碼會讀取read_json.json中的內容 return new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("read_json.json") .Build(); } }}

在控制器中調用：

[HttpGet] public async Task ReadSystemVersion() { var configuration = _json_File.Read_Json_File(); string system = "使用的是" + configuration["system_version:Edition"] + "的版本" + "," + "項目名稱是" + configuration["system_version:Project_Name"]; return Json(new { data = system }); }

本文來自 C#.Net教程 欄目，歡迎學習！

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