原文鏈接：?http://www.cnblogs.com/frogbag/archive/2007/10/17/926870.html，感謝作者。

基本操作比較全面，包括建表、建索引和查詢。

Step1. 創(chuàng)建一張表，其中shape用來存放空間數(shù)據(jù)

CREATE TABLE mylake (

feature_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,

name VARCHAR2(32),

shape MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY);

Step2. 在user_sdo_geom_metadata表中插入新記錄，用于描述空間字段INSERT INTO user_sdo_geom_metadata VALUES (

'mylake',????//---表名??? 'shape',????//---字段名??? MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ARRAY(

MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X', 0, 100, 0.05),????//---X維最小，最大值和容忍度。??????? MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y', 0, 100, 0.05)????//---Y維最小，最大值和容忍度??? ),

NULL????//---坐標(biāo)系，缺省為笛卡爾坐標(biāo)系

);

Step3. 創(chuàng)建空間索引CREATE INDEX mylake_idx ON mylake(shape)

INDEXTYPE IS MDSYS.SPATIAL_INDEX

Step4. 插入空間數(shù)據(jù)Oracle Spatial用MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY來存儲(chǔ)空間數(shù)據(jù),定義為：CREATE TYPE sdo_geometry AS OBJECT (

SDO_GTYPE NUMBER,

SDO_SRID NUMBER,

SDO_POINT SDO_POINT_TYPE,

SDO_ELEM_INFO MDSYS.SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY,

SDO_ORDINATES MDSYS.SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY);

SDO_GTYPE：用四個(gè)數(shù)字定義了所有的形狀第一位:維數(shù)????????????第二位:線性表示。用于3，4維數(shù)據(jù)，二維為0

最后兩位:

ValueGeometryDescription

00

UNKNOWN_GEOMETRY

Spatial ignores this value

01

POINT

A single point element

02

LINE?or?CURVE

Contains one line string element that may be linear, curved or both

03

POLYGON

Contains one polygon element with or without other polygon elements in it

04

COLLECTION

A heterogeneous collection of elements

05

MULTIPOINT

Contains one or more points

06

MULTILINE?or?MULTICURVE

Contains one or more line string elements

07

MULTIPOLYGON

Contains multiple polygon elements that maybe disjoint

SDO_SRID：坐標(biāo)系，NULL為笛卡爾坐標(biāo)系。SDO_POINT：Oracle Spatial也可定義單個(gè)的點(diǎn)，SDO_POINT的定義:

CREATE TYPE sdo_point_type AS OBJECT (X NUMBER,Y NUMBER,Z NUMBER);如果是二維，Z為NULL。SDO_ELEM_INFO：每三個(gè)值描述一個(gè)元素。

第一個(gè)值：第一個(gè)頂點(diǎn)在SDO_ORDINATES_ARR開始位置第二個(gè)值：元素類型

第三個(gè)值：頂點(diǎn)連接方式：1-通過直線連接，2-通過圓弧連接

定義為CREATE TYPE sdo_elem_info_array AS VARRAY (1048576) of NUMBER;SDO_ORDINATES：幾何圖形所有頂點(diǎn)列表。定義為

CREATE TYPE sdo_ordinate_array AS VARRAY (1048576) of NUMBER;

FONT color=#003366>// 插入包含一個(gè)島嶼的湖泊INSERT INTO mylake VALUES(

10,

'Lake Calhoun',

MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY(

2003,

NULL,

NULL,

MDSYS.SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003,1, 19,2003,1),

MDSYS.SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(0,0, 10,0, 10,10, 0,10, 0,0, 4,4, 6,4, 6,6, 4,6, 4,4)

));

// 插入兩艘小船INSERT INTO mylake VALUES(

11,

'The Windswept',

MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY(

2003,

NULL,

NULL,

MDSYS.SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003,1),

MDSYS.SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(2,2, 3,2, 3,2, 2,3, 2,2)

)

);

INSERT INTO mylake VALUES(

12,

'Blue Crest',

MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY(

2003,

NULL,

NULL,

MDSYS.SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,1003,1),

MDSYS.SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(7,7, 8,7, 8,7, 7,8, 7,7)

)

);

Step4. 查詢Oracle Spatial查詢數(shù)據(jù)包括二個(gè)處理過程：

1.只通過索引查詢候選項(xiàng)。通過函數(shù)SDO_FILTER實(shí)現(xiàn)：SDO_FILTER(geometry1 MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY,?geometry2 MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY, params VARCHAR2)geometry1：必須是被索引的幾何數(shù)據(jù)

geometry2：不一定是表中的空間字段，也不要求被索引

params：Filter類型

querytype=WINDOW：geometry2不要求來自表

querytype=JOIN：geometry2必須來自表

SELECT name boat_name

FROM mylake t

WHERE feature_id = 12

AND SDO_FILTER(t.shape, mdsys.sdo_geometry(2003,NULL,NULL,

mdsys.sdo_elem_info_array(1,1003,1),

mdsys.sdo_ordinate_array(2,2, 5,2, 5,5, 2,5, 2,2)),

'querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE';

2.再檢查每個(gè)候選項(xiàng)是否和條件精確匹配。通過函數(shù)SDO_RELATE實(shí)現(xiàn)：SDO_RELATE(geometry1 MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY, geometry2 MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY, params VARCHAR2)

params：masktype類型

DISJOINT— the boundaries and interiors do not intersect

TOUCH— the boundaries intersect but the interiors do not intersect

OVERLAPBDYDISJOINT— the interior of one object intersects the boundary and interior of the other object, but the two boundaries do not intersect. This relationship occurs, for example, when a line originates outside a polygon and ends inside that polygon.

OVERLAPBDYINTERSECT— the boundaries and interiors of the two objects intersect

EQUAL— the two objects have the same boundary and interior

CONTAINS— the interior and boundary of one object is completely contained in the interior of the other object

COVERS— the interior of one object is completely contained in the interior of the other object and their boundaries intersect

INSIDE— the opposite of?CONTAINS.?A INSIDE B?implies?B CONTAINS A.

COVEREDBY— the opposite of?COVERS.?A COVEREDBY B?implies?B COVERS A.

ON— the interior and boundary of one object is on the boundary of the other object (and the second object covers the first object). This relationship occurs, for example, when a line is on the boundary of a polygon.

ANYINTERACT— the objects are non-disjoint.

// 選擇在定義矩形內(nèi)的所有小船SELECT name boat_name

FROM mylake t

WHERE feature_id = 12

AND SDO_FILTER(t.shape, mdsys.sdo_geometry(2003,NULL,NULL,

mdsys.sdo_elem_info_array(1,1003,1),

mdsys.sdo_ordinate_array(2,2, 5,2, 5,5, 2,5, 2,2)),

'querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE'

AND SDO_RELATE(t.shape, mdsys.sdo_geometry(2003,NULL,NULL,

mdsys.sdo_elem_info_array(1,1003,1),

mdsys.sdo_ordinate_array(2,2, 5,2, 5,5, 2,5, 2,2)),

'masktype=INSIDE querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE'

// masktype可聯(lián)合使用

SELECT feature_id id

FROM mylake t

WHERE feature_id = 12

AND SDO_FILTER(t.shape, mdsys.sdo_geometry(2003,NULL,NULL,

mdsys.sdo_elem_info_array(1,1003,1),

mdsys.sdo_ordinate_array(2,2, 5,2, 5,5, 2,5, 2,2)),

'querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE'

AND SDO_RELATE(t.shape, mdsys.sdo_geometry(2003,NULL,NULL,

mdsys.sdo_elem_info_array(1,1003,1),

mdsys.sdo_ordinate_array(2,2, 5,2, 5,5, 2,5, 2,2)),

'masktype=INSIDE+TOUCH querytype=WINDOW') = 'TRUE'

Oracle Spatial 提供的其他查詢函數(shù)：

Query

Description

SDO_NN

Nearest neighbor

SDO_SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE

All geometries with a certain distance

Functions

Description

SDO_GEOM.SDO_MBR

The minimum bounding rectangle for a geometry

SDO_GEOM.SDO_DISTANCE

The distance between two geometries

SDO_GEOM.SDO_INTERSECTION

Provides the intersection point of two geometries

總結(jié)

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