推送通知服务【WP7学习札记之十三】
??? 為什么使用推送通知服務
????Windows Phone執行模型決定只有一個第三方的應用程序可以在前臺運行，應用程序不能再后臺運行，不斷的往Cloud拉數據。微軟提供推送通知服務（Push Notification）給第三方應用程序取得更新通知的消息。由于服務器能夠主動的發起通信，因此可以有效的降低手機電池的消耗。
??? Windows Phone 的推送通知的完整權威描述見MSDN文檔描述見：http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ff402537(v=vs.92).aspx。
本節內容
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Windows Phone 的推送通知概述
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接收 Windows Phone 的推送通知
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發送 Windows Phone 的推送通知
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Windows Phone 的推送通知服務響應代碼
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如何設置 Windows Phone 的回調注冊請求
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設置已驗證的 Web 服務以發送 Windows Phone 的推送通知
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如何發送和接收 Windows Phone 的 Toast 通知
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如何發送和接收 Windows Phone 的磁貼通知
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如何發送和接收 Windows Phone 的 Raw 通知
??? 上圖顯示了手機上運行的客戶端應用程序如何從推送客戶端服務 (1) 請求推送通知 URI。然后，推送客戶端服務與 Microsoft 推送通知服務 (MPNS) 協商并向客戶端應用程序（2 和 3）返回一個通知 URI。之后，客戶端應用程序將此 URI 發送給云服務 (4)。當 Web 服務有要發送到客戶端應用程序的信息時，該服務使用此 URI 向 Microsoft 推送通知服務 (5) 發送推送通知，Microsoft 推送通知服務又將此推送通知發送給在 Windows Phone 設備 (6) 上運行的應用程序。
????? 根據推送通知的格式以及連接到通知的負載，信息作為原始數據發送到應用程序、應用程序的磁貼在視覺上得到更新或顯示 Toast 通知。發送推送通知之后，Microsoft 推送通知服務向您的 Web 服務發送一個響應代碼，指示此通知已接收并且下次有機會會發送到設備。但是，Microsoft 推送通知服務不提供將推送通知從 Web 服務發送到設備的端到端通信。
Jake Lin的描述是：
使用規范：
?? windows phone 7目前只允許15個第三方應用程序使用推送通知服務；
?? 詢問用戶是否使用推送通知服務；
?? 為用戶提供取消訂閱的選項。
s消息類型：
?? Raw Notification：
????? 可以發送任何格式的數據；
????? 應用程序可以根據需要加工數據；
????? 應用程序相關的通知消息；
????? ★只有在應用程序運行時才發送。
?? Toast Notification：
????? 發送的數據為指定的xml格式；
????? ★如果應用程序正在運行，內容發送到應用程序中；
????? ★如果應用程序不在運行，彈出toast消息框顯示消息：
???????? App圖標加上兩個文本描述；
???????? 打斷用戶當前操作，但是是臨時的；
???????? 用戶可以點擊進行跟蹤。
??? Tile Notification：
????? 發送的數據為指定的xml格式；
????? ★不會往應用程序進行發送；
????? ★如果用戶把應用程序Pin to Start，那么更新數據會發送到start screen 的tile里面：
???????? 包含三個屬性,背景、標題和計數器；
???????? 每個屬性都有固定的格式和位置；
???????? 可以使用其中的屬性，不一定三個屬性一起用。
示例程序示例（Raw）：手機客戶端代碼：
View Code using System;using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Phone.Controls;
using Microsoft.Phone.Notification;
namespace 推送通知服務
{
public partial class MainPage : PhoneApplicationPage
{
// Constructor
public MainPage()
{
InitializeComponent();
//Holds the push channel that is created or found.
HttpNotificationChannel pushchannel;
//The name of our push channel.
string channelName = "RawSampleChannel";
//Try to find the push channel
pushchannel = HttpNotificationChannel.Find(channelName);
// If the channel was not found, then create a new connection to the push service.
if (pushchannel == null)
{
pushchannel = new HttpNotificationChannel(channelName);
// Register for all the events before attempting to open the channel.
pushchannel.ChannelUriUpdated += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>(pushchannel_ChannelUriUpdated);
pushchannel.ErrorOccurred += new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>(pushchannel_ErrorOccurred);
pushchannel.HttpNotificationReceived += new EventHandler<HttpNotificationEventArgs>(pushchannel_HttpNotificationReceived);
pushchannel.Open();
}
else
{
// The channel was already open, so just register for all the events.
pushchannel.ChannelUriUpdated+=new EventHandler<NotificationChannelUriEventArgs>(pushchannel_ChannelUriUpdated);
pushchannel.ErrorOccurred+=new EventHandler<NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs>(pushchannel_ErrorOccurred);
pushchannel.HttpNotificationReceived+=new EventHandler<HttpNotificationEventArgs>(pushchannel_HttpNotificationReceived);
// Display the URI for testing purposes. Normally, the URI would be passed back to your web service at this point.
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(pushchannel.ChannelUri.ToString());
MessageBox.Show(String.Format("Channel Uri is {0}",
pushchannel.ChannelUri.ToString()));
}
}
void pushchannel_HttpNotificationReceived(object sender, HttpNotificationEventArgs e)
{
string message;
using (System.IO.StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(e.Notification.Body))
{
message = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
MessageBox.Show(String.Format("Received Notification {0}:\n{1}",
DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString(), message))
);
}
void pushchannel_ErrorOccurred(object sender, NotificationChannelErrorEventArgs e)
{
// Error handling logic for your particular application would be here.
Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
MessageBox.Show(String.Format("A push notification {0} error occurred. {1} ({2}) {3}",
e.ErrorType, e.Message, e.ErrorCode, e.ErrorAdditionalData))
);
}
void pushchannel_ChannelUriUpdated(object sender, NotificationChannelUriEventArgs e)
{
Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
{
// Display the new URI for testing purposes. Normally, the URI would be passed back to your web service at this point.
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(e.ChannelUri.ToString());
MessageBox.Show(String.Format("Channel Uri is {0}",
e.ChannelUri.ToString()));
});
}
}
}
云端：
View Code using System;using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
namespace SendRaw
{
public partial class SendRaw : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void ButtonSendRaw_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
// Get the URI that the Microsoft Push Notification Service returns to the push client when creating a notification channel.
// Normally, a web service would listen for URIs coming from the web client and maintain a list of URIs to send
// notifications out to.
string subscriptionUri = TextBoxUri.Text.ToString();
HttpWebRequest sendNotificationRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(subscriptionUri);
// Create an HTTPWebRequest that posts the raw notification to the Microsoft Push Notification Service.
// HTTP POST is the only method allowed to send the notification.
sendNotificationRequest.Method = "POST";
// Create the raw message.
string rawMessage = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>" +
"<root>" +
"<Value1>" + TextBoxValue1.Text.ToString() + "<Value1>" +
"<Value2>" + TextBoxValue2.Text.ToString() + "<Value2>" +
"</root>";
// Set the notification payload to send.
byte[] notificationMessage = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(rawMessage);
// Set the web request content length.
sendNotificationRequest.ContentLength = notificationMessage.Length;
sendNotificationRequest.ContentType = "text/xml";
sendNotificationRequest.Headers.Add("X-NotificationClass", "3");
//Possible batching interval values:
//"3":The message is delivered by the push notification service immediately.
//"13":The message is delivered by the push notification service within 450 seconds.
//"23":The message is delivered by the push notification service within 900 seconds.
using (Stream requestStream = sendNotificationRequest.GetRequestStream())
{
requestStream.Write(notificationMessage, 0, notificationMessage.Length);
}
// Send the notification and get the response.
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)sendNotificationRequest.GetResponse();
string notificationStatus = response.Headers["X-NotificationStatus"];
string notificationChannelStatus = response.Headers["X-SubscriptionStatus"];
string deviceConnectionStatus = response.Headers["X-DeviceConnectionStatus"];
// Display the response from the Microsoft Push Notification Service.
// Normally, error handling code would be here. In the real world, because data connections are not always available,
// notifications may need to be throttled back if the device cannot be reached.
TextBoxResponse.Text = notificationStatus + " | " + deviceConnectionStatus + " | " + notificationChannelStatus;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
TextBoxResponse.Text = "Exception caught sending update: " + ex.ToString();
}
}
}
}
運行效果截圖：
Channel Uri：
手機端：
云端：
?
?
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/DebugLZQ/archive/2012/03/14/2396600.html
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