erode函數：

調用形式：

void?erode(InputArray?src, OutputArray?dst, InputArray?kernel, Point?anchor=Point(-1,-1), int?iterations=1, intborderType=BORDER_CONSTANT, const Scalar&?borderValue=morphologyDefaultBorderValue()?)

參數詳解：

跟膨脹操作一樣

函數功能：

進行腐蝕操作時，將內核??劃過圖像,將內核??覆蓋區域的最小相素值提取，并代替錨點位置的相素。

以與膨脹相同的圖像作為樣本,我們使用腐蝕操作。從下面的結果圖我們看到亮區(背景)變細，而黑色區域(字母)則變大了。

?kernel: 腐蝕操作的內核。 如果不指定，默認為一個簡單的??矩陣。否則，我們就要明確指定它的形狀，可以使用函數getStructuringElement:

• Mat element = getStructuringElement( erosion_type,Size( 2*erosion_size + 1, 2*erosion_size+1 ),Point( erosion_size, erosion_size ) );

我們可以為我們的內核選擇三種形狀之一:

• 矩形: MORPH_RECT
• 交叉形: MORPH_CROSS
• 橢圓形: MORPH_ELLIPSE

然后，我們還需要指定內核大小，以及?錨點?位置。不指定錨點位置，則默認錨點在內核中心位置。

#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp" #include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp" #include "highgui.h" #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h>using namespace cv;/// 全局變量 Mat src, erosion_dst, dilation_dst;int erosion_elem = 0; int erosion_size = 0; int dilation_elem = 0; int dilation_size = 0; int const max_elem = 2; int const max_kernel_size = 21;/** Function Headers */ void Erosion( int, void* ); void Dilation( int, void* );/** @function main */ int main( int argc, char** argv ) {/// Load 圖像src = imread( argv[1] );if( !src.data ){ return -1; }/// 創建顯示窗口namedWindow( "Erosion Demo", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );namedWindow( "Dilation Demo", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvMoveWindow( "Dilation Demo", src.cols, 0 );/// 創建腐蝕 TrackbarcreateTrackbar( "Element:\n 0: Rect \n 1: Cross \n 2: Ellipse", "Erosion Demo",&erosion_elem, max_elem,Erosion );createTrackbar( "Kernel size:\n 2n +1", "Erosion Demo",&erosion_size, max_kernel_size,Erosion );/// 創建膨脹 TrackbarcreateTrackbar( "Element:\n 0: Rect \n 1: Cross \n 2: Ellipse", "Dilation Demo",&dilation_elem, max_elem,Dilation );createTrackbar( "Kernel size:\n 2n +1", "Dilation Demo",&dilation_size, max_kernel_size,Dilation );/// Default startErosion( 0, 0 );Dilation( 0, 0 );waitKey(0);return 0; }/** @function Erosion */ void Erosion( int, void* ) {int erosion_type;if( erosion_elem == 0 ){ erosion_type = MORPH_RECT; }else if( erosion_elem == 1 ){ erosion_type = MORPH_CROSS; }else if( erosion_elem == 2) { erosion_type = MORPH_ELLIPSE; }Mat element = getStructuringElement( erosion_type,Size( 2*erosion_size + 1, 2*erosion_size+1 ),Point( erosion_size, erosion_size ) );/// 腐蝕操作erode( src, erosion_dst, element );imshow( "Erosion Demo", erosion_dst ); }/** @function Dilation */ void Dilation( int, void* ) {int dilation_type;if( dilation_elem == 0 ){ dilation_type = MORPH_RECT; }else if( dilation_elem == 1 ){ dilation_type = MORPH_CROSS; }else if( dilation_elem == 2) { dilation_type = MORPH_ELLIPSE; }Mat element = getStructuringElement( dilation_type,Size( 2*dilation_size + 1, 2*dilation_size+1 ),Point( dilation_size, dilation_size ) );///膨脹操作dilate( src, dilation_dst, element );imshow( "Dilation Demo", dilation_dst ); }

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