CentOS 7核心安装及基本配置
CentOS操作系統安裝和配置
規劃設計：
??? CentOS 764bit最小化安裝利用應答文件，安裝為核心安裝，配置好CentOS基本應用和網絡。為后期基本服務器的安裝做準備。（本安裝為虛擬機安裝）
準備：
??? VMware 10 、CentOS 7.0的鏡像文件，安裝的應答文件
??? 應答文件位置：http://192.168.188.1/mini.txt
最小化安裝
1、通過kickstart文件來簡化管理
?? （系統安裝應答文件）
# CentOS 7 64bit 用于生產環境的最小安裝14:57 2014/8/8 # System authorization information auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 ? # Use CDROM installation media cdrom text # Run the Setup Agent on first boot firstboot --enable ignoredisk --only-use=sda # Keyboard layouts keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # System language lang en_US.UTF-8 ? # Network information #network?--bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728 --onboot=no --ipv6=auto network --onboot yes --device eno16777728--bootproto dhcp --noipv6 network?--hostname=localhost.localdomain # Root password rootpw 123456 ? firewall --disable selinux --disable ? # System timezone timezone --utc Asia/Shanghai # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda autopart --type=lvm # Partition clearing information clearpart --none --initlabel ? reboot %packages @core @base net-tools %end |
安裝過程
新建虛擬機
選擇稍后安裝系統
選著CentOS 7 64位版本
選擇保存路徑
虛擬機的基本設置
編輯虛擬機設置添加鏡像文件
CentOS 7的配置
查看版本是否為核心安裝
#vi /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
#version=RHEL7 # Systemauthorization information auth--enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 ? # UseCDROM installation media cdrom # Runthe Setup Agent on first boot firstboot--enable ignoredisk--only-use=sda #Keyboard layouts keyboard--vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us' # Systemlanguage langen_US.UTF-8 ? #Network information network? --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777728--onboot=off --ipv6=auto network? --hostname=localhost.localdomain # Rootpassword rootpw--iscrypted$6$KhmzmAaNjyIUkdcz$LuLpRinp9xPHnUTfDas0t0E/sKu6iw/eNgiqDzR2cu6vUSHnoTcSk5xH2BqSCpcQpIg7D4hvzbsNH6sTO/2zy1 # Systemtimezone timezoneAmerica/New_York --isUtc # Systembootloader configuration bootloader--location=mbr --boot-drive=sda autopart--type=lvm #Partition clearing information clearpart--none --initlabel ? %packages @core ? %end |
網絡命令查看IP
# ifconfig
-bash: ifconfig: command not found??????????? ?//沒有發現這個命令
?
# find /-name ifconfig????????????????????????? //查詢這個命令對應的目錄
沒有這個文件
?
在RHEL 6.4上查看一下ifconfig屬于那個包
# rpm -qf/sbin/ifconfig???????????????????????? ?//查看這個命令所依賴的包
net-tools-1.60-110.el6_2.x86_64
?
CentOS的Mini最小化安裝@core中沒有包含net-tools包
?
# mount/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/???????????????? ??//掛載光驅到目錄
# cd/mnt/cdrom/Packages/????????????????????????//進入目錄
# rpm -ivhnet-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm??//安裝包
warning:net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature,key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...?????????????????????????################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
??1:net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el#################################[100%]
?
# ifconfig????????????????????????????????????????? //再次查看
eno16777728: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>? mtu 1500
???????inet 192.168.188.135 ?netmask 255.255.255.0? broadcast 192.168.188.255
???????inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feda:bd96?prefixlen 64? scopeid0x20<link>
???????ether 00:0c:29:da:bd:96?txqueuelen 1000? (Ethernet)
???????RX packets 326? bytes 31288 (30.5KiB)
???????RX errors 0? dropped 0? overruns 0?frame 0
???????TX packets 297? bytes 45257 (44.1KiB)
???????TX errors 0? dropped 0 overruns0? carrier 0? collisions 0
?
lo:flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>? mtu65536
??????? inet 127.0.0.1? netmask 255.0.0.0
??????? inet6 ::1? prefixlen 128?scopeid 0x10<host>
??????? loop?txqueuelen 0? (Local Loopback)
??????? RX packets 0? bytes 0 (0.0 B)
???????RX errors 0? dropped 0? overruns 0?frame 0
???????TX packets 0? bytes 0 (0.0 B)
???????TX errors 0? dropped 0 overruns0? carrier 0? collisions 0
?
?
# cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/?????????//進入網絡配置目錄
# ls
ifcfg-eno16777728?ifdown-Team????? ifup-post
ifcfg-lo??????????ifdown-TeamPort? ifup-ppp
ifdown????????????ifdown-tunnel??? ifup-routes
ifdown-bnep???????ifup???????????? ifup-sit
ifdown-eth????????ifup-aliases???? ifup-Team
ifdown-ippp???????ifup-bnep??????? ifup-TeamPort
ifdown-ipv6???????ifup-eth???????? ifup-tunnel
ifdown-isdn???????ifup-ippp??????? ifup-wireless
ifdown-post???????ifup-ipv6??????? init.ipv6-global
ifdown-ppp????????ifup-isdn??????? network-functions
ifdown-routes?????ifup-plip???????network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-sit????????ifup-plusb
?
# viifcfg-eno16777728????????????????????????????//修改網絡配置文件
HWADDR=00:0C:29:DA:BD:96
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno16777728
UUID=084273bf-9ad7-4a16-bb0f-1464f48ee355
ONBOOT=no? <-- ?修改為yes
?
?
?
Tip： 可以通過ipa s命令來查看本機IP地址
# ip a s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdiscnoqueue state UNKNOWN
???link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
??? inet127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
??????valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
??? inet6::1/128 scope host
??????valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777728:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen1000
???link/ether 00:0c:29:da:bd:96 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
??? inet192.168.188.135/24 brd 192.168.188.255 scope global dynamic eno16777728
??????valid_lft 1550sec preferred_lft 1550sec
??? inet6fe80::20c:29ff:feda:bd96/64 scope link
??????valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
?
# service network restart?????????????????????????????? //重啟網絡服務
重啟CentOS 7 基本配置完成
總結：
CentOS的核心安裝也是他的最小化安裝，這樣可以為基本服務器的安裝提供一個干凈的實驗環境。另外也可以讓我們后期的試驗中了解CentOS 7的功能，讓和我一樣的菜鳥了解個多的東西。
轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/chenzhou312/1542658
總結
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的CentOS 7核心安装及基本配置的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
- 上一篇： 获取本地的IP地址（内网）
- 下一篇： python之命令行解析工具argpar