錯誤信息：

requests.exceptions.SSLError: ("bad handshake: Error([('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')],)",)

python做爬蟲，對于有的網站，需要驗證證書，比如：12306。

百度查報錯信息，stack overflow里講的比較好。

cafile = 'cacert.pem' # http://curl.haxx.se /ca/cacert.pem

r = requests.get(url, verify=cafile)

requests的官方相關幫助

就是說加上一個參數：verify=證書路徑，或verify=False

我測試了一下，后者會有警告，提示安全問題

InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings InsecureRequestWarning)

使用證書的最大問題是證書在哪兒弄？，經過探索得到解決：通過瀏覽器查看網頁證書，然后另存為

百度經驗貼：下載安全證書

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# @Author : 西瓜，2017/4/29 0:30

# @File : 12306測試.py

# python版本：python3.5

my_header = {

'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0',

'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',

'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3',

'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',

'Referer': 'http://www.baidu.com',

'Connection': 'keep-alive',

'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',

'Host':None

}

import requests

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

geturl ="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query?leftTicketDTO.\

train_date=2017-04-29&leftTicketDTO.from_station=WHN&leftTicketDTO.\

to_station=SZN&purpose_codes=ADULT"

# 測試網址

# geturl = "http://blog.csdn.net/wangming520liwei/article/details/53896964"

# res = requests.get(geturl,headers=my_header)

res = requests.get(geturl,headers=my_header,verify=False)

# res = requests.get(geturl,headers=my_header,verify="E:/SRCA.crt")

res.encoding = 'utf-8'

soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html5lib')

總結

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