一、編譯內(nèi)核相關(guān)命令

1、重裝initrd文件命令：

mkinitrd：creates initial ramdisk p_w_picpaths for preloading modules

格式:mkinitrd ?initrd文件路徑?內(nèi)核版本號(hào),如:mkinitrd ?/boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img ?`uname -r`

2、I/O處理命令

????????a、命令格式說明2

${parameter#*word}

${parameter##*word}

? ? ? ? ? ? ? The word is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname expansion. ?If the pattern matches the beginning of the value of

? ? ? ? ? ? ? parameter, then the result of the expansion is the expanded value of parameter with the shortest matching pattern ?(the ??..?.

? ? ? ? ? ? ? case) ?or ?the ?longest ?matching pattern (the ?..#?..case) deleted. ?If parameter is @ or *, the pattern removal operation is

? ? ? ? ? ? ? applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list. ?If parameter is an array variable sub-

? ? ? ? ? ? ? scripted ?with ?@ or *, the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the array in turn, and the expansion is the

? ? ? ? ? ? ? resultant list.

?

${parameter%word*}

${parameter%%word*}

? ? ? ? ? ? ? The word is expanded to produce a pattern just as in pathname expansion. ?If the pattern matches a ?trailing ?portion ?of ?the

? ? ? ? ? ? ? expanded ?value ?of ?parameter, then the result of the expansion is the expanded value of parameter with the shortest matching

? ? ? ? ? ? ? pattern (the ?..?..case) or the longest matching pattern (the ?..%?..case) deleted. ?If parameter ?is ?@ ?or ?*, ?the ?pattern

? ? ? ? ? ? ? removal ?operation ?is applied to each positional parameter in turn, and the expansion is the resultant list. ?If parameter is

? ? ? ? ? ? ? an array variable subscripted with @ or *, the pattern removal operation is applied to each member of the array in ?turn, ?and

? ? ? ? ? ? ? the expansion is the resultant list.

????????b、命令格式

????????????# FILE=/usr/local/src

????????????# echo ${FILE#*/}: usr/local/src

????????????#?echo ${FILE##*/}: src

????????????#?${FILE%/*}: /usr/local

????????????#?${FILE%%/*}:

二、編譯系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核、grub和文件系統(tǒng)到新的磁盤

1、在原有CentOS5.9中添加一塊IDE硬盤分2個(gè)磁盤并格式化為ext3文件系統(tǒng)

2、掛載分區(qū)

mkdir /mnt/boot

mkdir /mnt/sysroot

mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/boot

moutn /dev/hda2 /mnt/sysroot

3、創(chuàng)建grub

grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/hda

4、復(fù)制系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核到/mnt/boot下cp /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-348.el5 /mnt/boot/vmlinuz

5、重裝initrd文件：mkinitrd ?/boot/initrd-`uname -r`.img ?`uname -r`

6、重新編譯根文件系統(tǒng)文件

cp /boot/initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img /root

mv initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img.gz

gzip -d initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img.gz?

mkdir test

cd test

cpio -id < ../initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img或zcat /boot/initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img | cpio -id

vim init(修改其中一行為mkrootdev -t ext3 -o defaults,ro /dev/hda2注釋掉#resume LABEL=SWAP-sda5)

7、封裝新的根文件系統(tǒng)

find . | cpio -H newc --quiet -o | gzip -9 > /mnt/boot/initrd.gz

8、編輯新的grub文件vim /mnt/boot/grub/grub.conf

default=0

timeout=5

title Test Linux (Magedu Team)

root (hd0,0)

kernel /vmlinuz

initrd /initrd.gz

9、創(chuàng)建根文件系統(tǒng)中必要的文件

cd /mnt/sysroot

mkdir -pv proc sys dev etc/rc.d lib bin sbin boot home var/log usr/{bin,sbin} root tmp

10、復(fù)制文件系統(tǒng)的bash環(huán)境

cp /sbin/init /mnt/sysroot/sbin/

cp /bin/bash /mnt/sysroot/bin

11、復(fù)制系統(tǒng)共享庫文件

ldd /sbin/init

cp /lib/libsepol.so.1 /mnt/sysroot/lib

cp /lib/libselinux.so.1 /mnt/sysroot/lib

cp /lib/libc.so.6 /mnt/sysroot/lib

cp /lib/libdl.so.2 /mnt/sysroot/lib

ldd /bin/bash

cp /lib/libtermcap.so.2 /mnt/sysroot/lib

12、編輯inittab為linux初始化文件系統(tǒng)時(shí)init初始化程序用到的配置文件

vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/inittab

id:3:initdefault:

si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

chmod +x /mnt/sysroot/etc/inittab

13、編輯vim /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

#!/bin/bash

#

echo -e "\tWelcome to \033[31mMageEdu Team\033[0m Linux."

/bin/bash

chmod +x /mnt/sysroot/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit

14、編輯腳本用于復(fù)制二進(jìn)制程序及其依賴的庫文件的腳本可復(fù)制所有要用到的系統(tǒng)命令

#!/bin/bash

#

DEST=/mnt/sysroot

libcp() {

? LIBPATH=${1%/*}

? [ ! -d $DEST$LIBPATH ] && mkdir -p $DEST$LIBPATH

? [ ! -e $DEST${1} ] && cp $1 $DEST$LIBPATH && echo "copy lib $1 finished."

}

?

bincp() {

? CMDPATH=${1%/*}

? [ ! -d $DEST$CMDPATH ] && mkdir -p $DEST$CMDPATH

? [ ! -e $DEST${1} ] && cp $1 $DEST$CMDPATH

?

? for LIB in ?`ldd $1 | grep -o "/.*lib\(64\)\{0,1\}/[^[:space:]]\{1,\}"`; do

? ? libcp $LIB

? done

}

?

read -p "Your command: " CMD

until [ $CMD == 'q' ]; do

? ?! which $CMD &> /dev/null && echo "Wrong command" && read -p "Input again:" CMD && continue

? COMMAND=` which $CMD | grep -v "^alias" | grep -o "[^[:space:]]\{1,\}"`

? bincp $COMMAND

? echo "copy $COMMAND finished."

? read -p "Continue: " CMD

done

15、復(fù)制系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)卡模塊

mkdir /mnt/sysroot/lib/modules

cp /lib/modules/2.6.18-348.el5/kernel/drivers/net/mii.ko /mnt/sysroot/lib/modules

cp /lib/modules/2.6.18-348.el5/kernel/drivers/net/pcnet32.ko /mnt/sysroot/lib/modules

16、編輯/mnt/sysroot/etc/inittab文件加載網(wǎng)卡模塊添加

insmod /lib/modules/mii.ko

insmod /lib/modules/pcnet32.ko

ifconfig eth0 172.16.100.13/16

ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1/8

/bin/bash

17、切入到定制的系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核進(jìn)行測(cè)試chroot /mnt/sysroot

18、***原有宿主機(jī)的第一塊磁盤保留第二塊磁盤啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)測(cè)試效果。

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/zkhylt/1417785

總結(jié)

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的Linux01-Linux编辑内核定制属于自己的内核49的全部?jī)?nèi)容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容還不錯(cuò)，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。