轉自：https://blog.csdn.net/cabing2005/article/details/53068880

詳細函數以及參數解釋請看原鏈接。

windows下的tcp/udp參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/lyggqm/p/6558002.html

TCP SERVER:

// // main.cpp // linux_socket_api // // Created by bikang on 16/11/2. // Copyright (c) 2016年 bikang. All rights reserved. // #include <iostream>#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h>//using namespace std;#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]);int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {tsocket(argc,argv);return 0; } void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]){if(argc < 3){exit(-1);}const char* ip = argv[1];int port = atoi(argv[2]);int backlog = atoi(argv[3]);std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl;int fd;int check_ret;fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM , 0);assert(fd >= 0);struct sockaddr_in address;bzero(&address,sizeof(address));//轉換成網絡地址address.sin_port = htons(port);address.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址轉換inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);//設置socket buffer大小int recvbuf = 4096;int len = sizeof( recvbuf );setsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, sizeof( recvbuf ) );getsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, ( socklen_t* )&len );printf( "the receive buffer size after settting is %d\n", recvbuf );//綁定ip和端口check_ret = bind(fd,(struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address));assert(check_ret >= 0);//創建監聽隊列，用來存放待處理的客戶連接check_ret = listen(fd, backlog);assert(check_ret >= 0);struct sockaddr_in addressClient;socklen_t clientLen = sizeof(addressClient);//接受連接，阻塞函數int connfd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addressClient, &clientLen);if(connfd < 0){std::cout << "accept error";}else{//打印客戶端信息char showData[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];std::cout <<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&addressClient.sin_addr,showData,INET_ADDRSTRLEN)<<":" <<ntohs(addressClient.sin_port)<<std::endl;//接受數據const int BUF_LEN = 1024;char sockBuf[BUF_LEN];size_t ret;memset(sockBuf, '\0', BUF_LEN);ret = recv(connfd, sockBuf, BUF_LEN-1, 0);printf("ret=%ld,msg=%s\n",ret,sockBuf);memset(sockBuf, '\0', BUF_LEN);ret = recv(connfd, sockBuf, BUF_LEN-1, MSG_OOB);printf("ret=%ld,msg=%s\n",ret,sockBuf);memset(sockBuf, '\0', BUF_LEN);ret = recv(connfd, sockBuf, BUF_LEN-1, 0);printf("ret=%ld,msg=%s\n",ret,sockBuf);//獲取本地socket信息struct sockaddr_in tmpAddress;clientLen = sizeof(tmpAddress);getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&tmpAddress, &clientLen);std::cout <<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&tmpAddress.sin_addr,showData,INET_ADDRSTRLEN)<<":" <<ntohs(tmpAddress.sin_port)<<std::endl;//獲取遠端socket信息getpeername(connfd,(struct sockaddr*)&tmpAddress, &clientLen );std::cout <<inet_ntop(AF_INET,&tmpAddress.sin_addr,showData,INET_ADDRSTRLEN)<<":" <<ntohs(tmpAddress.sin_port)<<std::endl;close(connfd);}close(fd); }

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TCP CLIENT:

// // main.cpp // linux_socket_api_client // // Created by bikang on 16/11/2. // Copyright (c) 2016年 bikang. All rights reserved. // #include <iostream>#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h>void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]);int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {tserver(argc,argv);return 0; } void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]){std::cout << "t server" << std::endl;if(argc < 3){exit(-1);}const char* ip = argv[1];int port = atoi(argv[2]);int backlog = atoi(argv[3]);std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl;int fd;int check_ret;fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM , 0);assert(fd >= 0);int sendbuf = 4096;int len = sizeof( sendbuf );setsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, sizeof( sendbuf ) );getsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, ( socklen_t* )&len );printf( "the send buffer size after settting is %d\n", sendbuf );struct sockaddr_in address;bzero(&address,sizeof(address));//轉換成網絡地址address.sin_port = htons(port);address.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址轉換inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);check_ret = connect(fd, (struct sockaddr*) &address, sizeof(address));assert(check_ret >= 0);//發送數據const char* oob_data = "abc";const char* normal_data = "my boy!";send(fd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data), 0);send(fd, oob_data, strlen(oob_data), MSG_OOB);send(fd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data), 0);close(fd); }

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?

UDP SERVER:

#include <iostream>#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h>//using namespace std;#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]);int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {tsocket(argc,argv);return 0; } void tsocket(int argc, const char * argv[]){if(argc < 3){exit(-1);}const char* ip = argv[1];int port = atoi(argv[2]);int backlog = atoi(argv[3]);std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl;int fd;int check_ret;fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM , 0);assert(fd >= 0);struct sockaddr_in address;bzero(&address,sizeof(address));//轉換成網絡地址address.sin_port = htons(port);address.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址轉換inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);//綁定ip和端口check_ret = bind(fd,(struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address));assert(check_ret >= 0);while(1){char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];struct sockaddr_in addressClient;socklen_t clientLen = sizeof(addressClient);memset(buffer, '\0', BUFFER_SIZE);//獲取信息if(recvfrom(fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE-1,0,(struct sockaddr*)&addressClient, &clientLen) == -1) { perror("Receive Data Failed:"); exit(1); } printf("buffer=%s\n", buffer);}close(fd); }

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UDP CLIENT:

// // main.cpp // linux_socket_api_client // // Created by bikang on 16/11/2. // Copyright (c) 2016年 bikang. All rights reserved. // #include <iostream>#include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h>void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]);int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {tserver(argc,argv);return 0; } void tserver(int argc, const char * argv[]){std::cout << "t server" << std::endl;if(argc < 3){exit(-1);}const char* ip = argv[1];int port = atoi(argv[2]);int backlog = atoi(argv[3]);std::cout << "ip=" << ip << " port="<<port << " backlog=" << backlog << std::endl;int fd;int check_ret;fd = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM , 0);assert(fd >= 0);struct sockaddr_in address;bzero(&address,sizeof(address));//轉換成網絡地址address.sin_port = htons(port);address.sin_family = AF_INET;//地址轉換inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);//發送數據const char* normal_data = "my boy!";if(sendto(fd, normal_data, strlen(normal_data),0,(struct sockaddr*)&address,sizeof(address)) < 0) { perror("Send File Name Failed:"); exit(1); }close(fd); }

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另附：

linux網絡編程常用頭文件：

sys/types.h：數據類型定義

sys/socket.h：提供socket函數及數據結構

netinet/in.h：定義數據結構sockaddr_in

arpa/inet.h：提供IP地址轉換函數

netdb.h：提供設置及獲取域名的函數

sys/ioctl.h：提供對I/O控制的函數

sys/poll.h：提供socket等待測試機制的函數

其他在網絡程序中常見的頭文件?
unistd.h：提供通用的文件、目錄、程序及進程操作的函數

errno.h：提供錯誤號errno的定義，用于錯誤處理

fcntl.h：提供對文件控制的函數

time.h：提供有關時間的函數

crypt.h：提供使用DES加密算法的加密函數

pwd.h：提供對/etc/passwd文件訪問的函數

shadow.h：提供對/etc/shadow文件訪問的函數

pthread.h：提供多線程操作的函數

signal.h：提供對信號操作的函數

sys/wait.h、sys/ipc.h、sys/shm.h：提供進程等待、進程間通訊（IPC）及共享內存的函數

?

在編寫網絡程序時，可以直接使用下面這段頭文件代碼

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

涉及到用戶權限及密碼驗證問題時加入如下語句：
#include <shadow.h>
#include <crypt.h>
#include <pwd.h>?
需要注意的是，應該在編譯時鏈接加密算法庫，即增加編譯選項：
-lcrypt

?

涉及到文件及時間操作加入如下語句：?
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <utime.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/file.h>

涉及到多進程操作時加入如下語句：?
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <signal.h>

涉及到多線程操作時加入如下語句：?
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
需要注意的是，應該在編譯時鏈接線程庫，即增加編譯選項：-lthread

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