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Spring Boot项目基于POI框架导出Excel表格

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2025/6/17 38 如意码农
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1.    依賴

我的項(xiàng)目是基于Spring Boot的，這里只貼出POI框架需要依賴的兩個(gè)包，其他的都無所謂，只要能提供Controller讓瀏覽器訪問即可。在pom.xml配置文件中增加如下兩個(gè)包：

       <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>

            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.2</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>

            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.2</version>

        </dependency>

2. 代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)

package com.eg.wiener.controller;

import com.eg.wiener.dto.User;

import com.eg.wiener.utils.ExcelUtils;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import org.apache.commons.collections4.CollectionUtils;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Objects;

import java.util.stream.Stream;

/**

 * @author Wiener

 * @date 2020/9/5

 */

@Slf4j

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/excel")

public class ExcelExportController {

    private static HSSFWorkbook workbook = null;

    // 代表一行記錄

    private static HSSFCell cell = null;

    private static HSSFRow row = null;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/exportExcel")

    public Object exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        String fileSuffix = ".xls";

        String fileName = "導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)至Excel示例"+ "_" + (int) (Math.random() * 9000 + 1000) + ".xls";

        //【1】創(chuàng)建excel

        workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();

        // 設(shè)置表頭的類型

        HSSFCellStyle style = setCellStyle(workbook);

        // 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)sheet

        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("sheet1");

        try {

            List<User> dataList = getUsers();

            if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(dataList)) {

                //【2】 設(shè)置表頭：對(duì)Excel每列命名

                String[] tableHeader = Stream.of("編號(hào)", "姓名", "年齡").toArray(String[]::new);

                // 設(shè)置Excel表頭

                row = ExcelUtils.getExcelRow(workbook, sheet, tableHeader);

                //通過反射，獲取POJO對(duì)象。由于同一個(gè)dataList中，POJO相同，故定義在for循環(huán)外部，提高遍歷性能

                Class cl = dataList.get(0).getClass();

                //獲取類的所有字段

                Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields();

                //寫入每一行的記錄

                for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {

                    //創(chuàng)建新的一行，遞增

                    row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);

                    // 設(shè)置行高

                    row.setHeight((short) 400);

                    for (int j = 0; j < fields.length; j++) {

                        //設(shè)置字段可見，否則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，禁止訪問

                        fields[j].setAccessible(true);

                        //創(chuàng)建單元格

                        cell = row.createCell(j);

                        cell.setCellValue(Objects.toString(fields[j].get(dataList.get(i)), ""));

                        cell.setCellStyle(style);

                    }

                }

            } else {

                // 沒有查到數(shù)據(jù)提示行

                row = ExcelUtils.getNotResultInfoRow(workbook, sheet, "記錄為空");

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            log.error("導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)失?。?, e);

            // 寫入Excel失敗原因

            row = ExcelUtils.getNotResultInfoRow(workbook, sheet, "導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)失敗");

            fileName = "導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)失敗";

        }

        fileName = fileName + "_" + (int) (Math.random() * 9000 + 1000) + fileSuffix;

        //下載文件

        ExcelUtils.outputExcelStream(request, response, workbook, fileName);

        return "導(dǎo)出成功";

    }

    private List<User> getUsers() {

        List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();

        User aUser = new User();

        aUser.setAge(18);

        aUser.setId(1);

        aUser.setName("Tony");

        list.add(aUser);

        aUser = new User();

        aUser.setAge(21);

        aUser.setId(2);

        aUser.setName("Tom");

        list.add(aUser);

        aUser = new User();

        aUser.setAge(20);

        aUser.setId(3);

        aUser.setName("店小二");

        list.add(aUser);

        return list;

    }

    private HSSFCellStyle setCellStyle(HSSFWorkbook myWorkbook) {

        HSSFCellStyle style = myWorkbook.createCellStyle();

        //設(shè)置自動(dòng)換行

        style.setWrapText(true);

        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);

        //設(shè)置邊框樣式

        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);

        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);

        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);

        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);

        //設(shè)置邊框顏色

        style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        HSSFDataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();

        // 設(shè)置文本格式

        style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("@"));

        // 設(shè)置字體

        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();

        font.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED);

        font.setFontName("宋體");

        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);// 12號(hào)字體

        style.setFont(font);

        return style;

    }

}

通過反射獲取POJO對(duì)象，故傳入不同類型的POJO對(duì)象的dataList就可以了。下面是依賴的一個(gè)工具類：

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**

 * 導(dǎo)出Excel工具類

 *

 * @author Wiener

 * @date 2020/9/5

 */

@Slf4j

public class ExcelUtils {

    /**

     * 設(shè)置Excel表頭

     *

     * @param workbook

     * @param sheet

     * @param tableHeader

     * @return

     */

    public static HSSFRow getExcelRow(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet, String[] tableHeader) {

        short cellNumber = (short) tableHeader.length;

        // Excel的第一行表頭

        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);

        // 設(shè)置行高

        row.setHeight((short) 560);

        // Excel的列

        HSSFCell cell = null;

        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();

        // 粗體顯示

        font.setBold(Boolean.TRUE);

        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 15);

        // 設(shè)置單元格字體的顏色

        font.setColor(HSSFFont.COLOR_NORMAL);

        // 樣式

        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();

        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);

        //設(shè)置邊框樣式

        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.DOTTED);

        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.DOTTED);

        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.DOTTED);

        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.DOTTED);

        //設(shè)置邊框顏色

        style.setTopBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        style.setBottomBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        style.setLeftBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        style.setRightBorderColor(HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined.BLACK.getIndex());

        for (int k = 0; k < cellNumber; k++) {

            int i = 0;

            i += k;

            short b = 6000;

            cell = row.createCell(i);                       // 創(chuàng)建第0行第k列

            cell.setCellValue(tableHeader[k]);              // 設(shè)置第0行第k列的值

            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, b);                     // 設(shè)置列的寬度

            style.setFont(font);                           // 設(shè)置字體風(fēng)格

            cell.setCellStyle(style);

        }

        return row;

    }

    /**

     * 設(shè)置Excel未獲取數(shù)據(jù)提示行

     *

     * @param workbook

     * @param sheet

     * @return

     */

    public static HSSFRow getNotResultInfoRow(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet, String message) {

        // Excel的第一行表頭

        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);

        // Excel的列

        HSSFCell cell = null;

        // 設(shè)置表頭的類型

        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();

        //設(shè)置自動(dòng)換行

        style.setWrapText(true);

        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);

        // 沒有查到數(shù)據(jù)

        row = sheet.createRow((short) (0));             // 創(chuàng)建第j+1行

        row.setHeight((short) 1000);                    // 設(shè)置行高

        sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 10000);

        cell = row.createCell(0);                       // 創(chuàng)建第i+1行第1列

        cell.setCellValue(message);//

        cell.setCellStyle(style);                       // 設(shè)置風(fēng)格

        return row;

    }

    /**

     * 下載EXCEL,對(duì)不同瀏覽器做中文名稱兼容<br/>

     * 如果不對(duì)文件名進(jìn)行編碼處理，那么有些瀏覽器無法識(shí)別下載文件

     *

     * @param request

     * @param response

     * @param workbook

     * @param fileName

     */

    public static void outputExcelStream(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HSSFWorkbook workbook, String fileName) {

        OutputStream out = null;

        try {

            String excelFileName = fileName + "_" + (int) (Math.random() * 9000 + 1000) + ".xls";

            if (isMsBrowser(request)) {

                // ie,edge 瀏覽器

                excelFileName = URLEncoder.encode(excelFileName, "UTF-8");

            } else {

                //其他的瀏覽器

                excelFileName = new String(excelFileName.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");

            }

            //輸出流對(duì)象

            out = response.getOutputStream();

            // 設(shè)置文件頭編碼方式和文件名

            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + excelFileName);

            // 設(shè)置類型

            response.setContentType("application/msexcel;charset=UTF-8");

            response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");

            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

            response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);

            workbook.write(out);

            out.flush();

            workbook.write(out);

        } catch (IOException e) {

            log.error("下載EXCEL失敗，", e);

        } finally {

            try {

                if (out != null) {

                    out.close();

                }

            } catch (IOException e) {

                log.error("下載EXCEL關(guān)閉文件流失敗，", e);

            }

        }

    }

    //判斷是否是IE瀏覽器

    private static boolean isMsBrowser(HttpServletRequest request) {

        String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(userAgent)) {

            return false;

        }

        String[] IEBrowserSignals = {"msie", "trident", "edge"};

        for (String signal : IEBrowserSignals) {

            if (userAgent.toLowerCase().contains(signal)) {

                return true;

            }

        }

        return false;

    }

}

在使用的時(shí)候，僅僅需要傳入不同的表頭集合、實(shí)體類集合，就能實(shí)現(xiàn)需求，這就是封裝的魅力所在。

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