洛谷 P3112 [USACO14DEC]后卫马克Guard Mark
題目描述
Farmer John and his herd are playing frisbee. Bessie throws the
frisbee down the field, but it's going straight to Mark the field hand
on the other team! Mark has height H (1 <= H <= 1,000,000,000), but
there are N cows on Bessie's team gathered around Mark (2 <= N <= 20).
They can only catch the frisbee if they can stack up to be at least as
high as Mark. Each of the N cows has a height, weight, and strength.
A cow's strength indicates the maximum amount of total weight of the
cows that can be stacked above her.
Given these constraints, Bessie wants to know if it is possible for
her team to build a tall enough stack to catch the frisbee, and if so,
what is the maximum safety factor of such a stack. The safety factor
of a stack is the amount of weight that can be added to the top of the
stack without exceeding any cow's strength.
FJ將飛盤拋向身高為H(1 <= H <= 1,000,000,000)的Mark,但是Mark
被N(2 <= N <= 20)頭牛包圍。牛們可以疊成一個(gè)牛塔,如果疊好后的高度大于或者等于Mark的高度,那牛們將搶到飛盤。
每頭牛都一個(gè)身高,體重和耐力值三個(gè)指標(biāo)。耐力指的是一頭牛最大能承受的疊在他上方的牛的重量和。請(qǐng)計(jì)算牛們是否能夠搶到飛盤。若是可以,請(qǐng)計(jì)算牛塔的最大穩(wěn)定強(qiáng)度,穩(wěn)定強(qiáng)度是指,在每頭牛的耐力都可以承受的前提下,還能夠在牛塔最上方添加的最大重量。
輸入輸出格式
輸入格式:
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INPUT: (file guard.in)
The first line of input contains N and H.
The next N lines of input each describe a cow, giving its height,
weight, and strength. All are positive integers at most 1 billion.
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輸出格式:
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OUTPUT: (file guard.out)
If Bessie's team can build a stack tall enough to catch the frisbee, please output the maximum achievable safety factor for such a stack.
Otherwise output "Mark is too tall" (without the quotes).
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輸入輸出樣例
輸入樣例#1:4 10 9 4 1 3 3 5 5 5 10 4 4 5 輸出樣例#1:
2
解法:狀壓dp
1 #include<iostream> 2 #include<cstdio> 3 #include<cstring> 4 #include<algorithm> 5 using namespace std; 6 int n,m,h[100100],w[100100],v[100100],f[(1<<20)+10],g[(1<<20)+10]; 7 //h,w,v分別為牛的身高,體重以及最大的承受重量; 8 //f表示在當(dāng)前狀態(tài)下的最大的負(fù)重,g表示在當(dāng)前狀態(tài)下的重量; 9 int b[30],ans=-1000; 10 //b表示1<<(i-1);ans表示最大值; 11 int main() 12 {b[1]=1; 13 for(int i=2;i<=20;i++) b[i]=b[i-1]<<1;//預(yù)處理 14 scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); 15 for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%d%d%d",&h[i],&w[i],&v[i]); 16 int maxx=(1<<n)-1; 17 for(int i=0;i<=maxx;i++) f[i]=-100000; 18 f[0]=0x7fffffff; 19 memset(g,0,sizeof(g)); 20 /*下面的動(dòng)規(guī)是從前一個(gè)狀態(tài)向后一個(gè)狀態(tài)推的, 21 由樣例可知:我們幾乎無法在當(dāng)前狀態(tài)下運(yùn)用前一個(gè)的狀態(tài)的值, 22 因?yàn)楦緹o法用方程計(jì)算出何時(shí)負(fù)重量會(huì)更新(并不是只依賴于最下面的牛的負(fù)重, 23 如果中間的牛承受不住上面的牛的重量,那么依然不可能成立) 24 所以我們只能固定當(dāng)前的狀態(tài),枚舉接下來的可以放的牛的狀態(tài)。*/ 25 for(int x=0;x<=maxx;x++) 26 for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) 27 { 28 if((x&b[i]))continue; 29 int t=x|b[i]; 30 if(f[x]<w[i])continue; 31 int tt=min(f[x]-w[i],v[i]);//如果最下面的是負(fù)載重量100,向上放一個(gè)負(fù)載重為1的牛,那么就不能選擇前面一個(gè)決策,否則會(huì)出現(xiàn)狀態(tài)上的錯(cuò)誤。 32 f[t]=max(f[t],tt); //求出f[t]; 33 g[t]=g[x]+h[i];//求出高度,減少運(yùn)算量 34 if(g[t]>=m)ans=max(ans,f[t]); 35 } 36 if(ans<0)printf("Mark is too tall"); 37 else 38 printf("%d",ans); 39 return 0; 40 }?
仔細(xì)想想,許多方程基本上都能反過來寫;如P3118即可。只要勤于思考,應(yīng)該就能想出來一種吧。。。
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轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Slager-Z/p/7683261.html
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