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CCNP自学之路——eigrp--1

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2025/7/14 编程问答 30 豆豆

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1，show ?ip eigrp interface ?顯示的內(nèi)容解釋：

顯示使用了network命令通告的接口ip地址的信息（或者具體的對(duì)應(yīng)的ip地址或者對(duì)應(yīng)的網(wǎng)段），但不會(huì)顯示被動(dòng)接口。但是可以通過(guò)

show ip process 命令顯示被動(dòng)接口。只要…………就…………除了…………

R4:

interface FastEthernet1/0

ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.0

interface FastEthernet1/1

ip address 10.10.11.2 255.255.255.0

interface FastEthernet2/0

ip address 10.10.12.2 255.255.252.0

router eigrp 1
network 10.0.0.0
no auto-summary
只通告了相應(yīng)的網(wǎng)段，支持無(wú)類(lèi)路由。

R4(config-router)# do show ip eigrp inter
IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1

2，hello報(bào)文。：debug ?eigrp packets

show ip eigrp ?interface detail：在某個(gè)路由器的接口上執(zhí)行：ip hello-interval eigrp ?asn ?，只會(huì)影響本路由器的該接口的hello時(shí)間，hello

IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Xmit Queue ? Mean ? Pacing Time ? Multicast ? ?Pending

Interface ? ? ? ?Peers ?Un/Reliable ?SRTT ? Un/Reliable ? Flow Timer ? Routes

Fa1/0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1 ? ? ? ?0/0 ? ? ?1312 ? ? ? 0/10 ? ? ? ? ? 0 ? ? ? ? ? 0

?Hello interval is 5 sec

?Next xmit serial <none>

?Un/reliable mcasts: 0/0 ?Un/reliable ucasts: 3/3

?Mcast exceptions: 0 ?CR packets: 0 ?ACKs suppressed: 1

?Retransmissions sent: 0 ?Out-of-sequence rcvd: 0

?Authentication mode is not set

Fa1/1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1 ? ? ? ?0/0 ? ? ?1301 ? ? ? 0/10 ? ? ? ? ? 0 ? ? ? ? ? 0

Hello interval is 5 sec

?Next xmit serial <none>

?Un/reliable mcasts: 0/0 ?Un/reliable ucasts: 3/3

?Mcast exceptions: 0 ?CR packets: 0 ?ACKs suppressed: 1

?Retransmissions sent: 0 ?Out-of-sequence rcvd: 0

?Authentication mode is not set

Fa2/0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1 ? ? ? ?0/0 ? ? ?1318 ? ? ? 0/10 ? ? ? ? ? 0 ? ? ? ? ? 0

Hello interval is 5 sec

?Next xmit serial <none>

?Un/reliable mcasts: 0/0 ?Un/reliable ucasts: 3/3

?Mcast exceptions: 0 ?CR packets: 0 ?ACKs suppressed: 1

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Xmit Queue ? Mean ? Pacing Time ? Multicast ? ?Pending

Interface ? ? ? ?Peers ?Un/Reliable ?SRTT ? Un/Reliable ? Flow Timer ? Routes

?Retransmissions sent: 0 ?Out-of-sequence rcvd: 0

?Authentication mode is not set

R4#show ip eigrp interfaces detail
IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1

3,hold-time

接口模式下：ip hold-timer eigrp asn

一般而言hold-timer是hello-interval的3倍，若hold-timer小于hello-intervar時(shí)間，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致鄰居關(guān)系頻繁的“一連一斷”。

查看hold-timer時(shí)可根據(jù)hello-interval時(shí)間來(lái)估算，還可以根據(jù) show ip eigrp neighbour顯示的信息中 Hold Uptime來(lái)估算。

R4#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1
H ? Address ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Interface ? ? ? Hold Uptime ? SRTT ? RTO ?Q ?Seq
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?(sec) ? ? ? ? (ms) ? ? ? Cnt Num
1 ? 10.10.11.1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Fa1/1 ? ? ? ? ? ? 44 00:15:35 ?115 ? 690 ?0 ?163
2 ? 10.10.12.1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Fa2/0 ? ? ? ? ? ? 11 00:56:17 1318 ?5000 ?0 ?4
0 ? 10.10.10.1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Fa1/0 ? ? ? ? ? ? 14 00:56:17 1312 ?5000 ?0 ?4
R4#

4，eigrp被動(dòng)接口。

R4(config-router)#passive-interface f1/1
R4(config-router)#
*May 16 22:26:47.179: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: Neighbor 10.10.11.1 (FastEthernet1/1) is down: interface passive

eigrp 的被動(dòng)接口不發(fā)更新也不接收更新的。

在R5上debug eigrp packets后，與R4的f1/1相連的接口f1/0，只發(fā)送了報(bào)文，沒(méi)有收到報(bào)文，原因是R5的f1/1無(wú)法發(fā)送報(bào)文。
R5#debug eigrp packets
EIGRP Packets debugging is on
? ?(UPDATE, REQUEST, QUERY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY, SIAREPLY)
R5#
*May 16 22:27:51.251: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet1/0
*May 16 22:27:51.251: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0
R5#
*May 16 22:27:56.107: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet1/0
*May 16 22:27:56.107: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0
R5#
*May 16 22:28:00.411: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet1/0
*May 16 22:28:00.411: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0
R5#debug eigrp packets
*May 16 22:28:05.295: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet1/0
*May 16 22:28:05.295: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0

在R4上debug eigrp packets：原本，R4有三個(gè)接口：f1/1,f1/0,f2/0,在f1/1 上啟用被動(dòng)接口后，只有f1/0,f2/0, 有sending和receiving包。

*May 16 22:34:26.455: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet2/0
*May 16 22:34:26.455: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0
R4#debug eigrp packets
*May 16 22:34:28.043: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet1/0
*May 16 22:34:28.043: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0
R4#ndebug eigrp packets
*May 16 22:34:30.419: EIGRP: Received HELLO on FastEthernet1/0 nbr 10.10.10.1
*May 16 22:34:30.423: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*May 16 22:34:30.819: EIGRP: Received HELLO on FastEthernet2/0 nbr 10.10.12.1
*May 16 22:34:30.823: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*May 16 22:34:31.379: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on FastEthernet2/0
*May 16 22:34:31.379: ? AS 1, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0

show ?ip eigrp ?neighbour 命令將忽略被動(dòng)接口，而show ip protocols 可以顯示被動(dòng)接口。

R4#show ip eigrp interfaces detail
IP-EIGRP interfaces for process 1

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Xmit Queue ? Mean ? Pacing Time ? Multicast ? ?Pending
Interface ? ? ? ?Peers ?Un/Reliable ?SRTT ? Un/Reliable ? Flow Timer ? Routes
Fa1/0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1 ? ? ? ?0/0 ? ? ?1312 ? ? ? 0/10 ? ? ? ? ? 0 ? ? ? ? ? 0
?Hello interval is 5 sec
?Next xmit serial <none>
?Un/reliable mcasts: 0/0 ?Un/reliable ucasts: 3/3
?Mcast exceptions: 0 ?CR packets: 0 ?ACKs suppressed: 1
?Retransmissions sent: 0 ?Out-of-sequence rcvd: 0
?Authentication mode is not set
Fa2/0 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?1 ? ? ? ?0/0 ? ? ?1318 ? ? ? 0/10 ? ? ? ? ? 0 ? ? ? ? ? 0
?Hello interval is 5 sec
?Next xmit serial <none>
?Un/reliable mcasts: 0/0 ?Un/reliable ucasts: 3/3
?Mcast exceptions: 0 ?CR packets: 0 ?ACKs suppressed: 1
?Retransmissions sent: 0 ?Out-of-sequence rcvd: 0
?Authentication mode is not set
R4#show ip pro
R4#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 1"
?Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
?Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
?Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
?Default networks accepted from incoming updates
?EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
?EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
?EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
?Redistributing: eigrp 1
?EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
?Automatic network summarization is not in effect
?Maximum path: 4
?Routing for Networks:
? ?10.0.0.0
Passive Interface(s):
? ?FastEthernet1/1
?Routing Information Sources:
? ?Gateway ? ? ? ? Distance ? ? ?Last Update
? ?10.10.11.1 ? ? ? ? ? ?90 ? ? ?01:10:52
? ?10.10.10.1 ? ? ? ? ? ?90 ? ? ?01:51:32
? ?10.10.12.1 ? ? ? ? ? ?90 ? ? ?01:51:32
?Distance: internal 90 external 170

如果接口與eigrp的network命令匹配，eigrp仍然通告此被動(dòng)接口的直連子網(wǎng)。。。

R4的f1/1接口直連的網(wǎng)段為 10.10.11.0/24,在該路由器上宣告的eigrp為：net 10.0.0.0.所以，R4仍然會(huì)吧該接口直連的子網(wǎng)通告給其他路由。

R6#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

? ? ? D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

? ? ? N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

? ? ? E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

? ? ? i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

? ? ? ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

? ? ? o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

? ? 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks

C ? ? ? 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

D ? ? ? 10.10.11.0/24 [90/30720] via 10.10.10.2, 01:56:57, FastEthernet1/0

D ? ? ? 10.10.12.0/22 [90/30720] via 10.10.10.2, 01:56:57, FastEthernet1/0

R7#show ip ro

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

? ? ? D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

? ? ? N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

? ? ? E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

? ? ? i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

? ? ? ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

? ? ? o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

? ? 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks

D ? ? ? 10.10.10.0/24 [90/30720] via 10.10.12.2, 01:57:45, FastEthernet1/0

D ? ? ? 10.10.11.0/24 [90/30720] via 10.10.12.2, 01:57:45, FastEthernet1/0

C ? ? ? 10.10.12.0/22 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/1628507/1202194

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