java json转换
https://blog.csdn.net/WillJGL/article/details/77866224
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SpringBoot中如果需要實現json的序列化和反序列化,我們會使用json解析工具。一般用到的有fastjson、GSON、Jackson
根據網上的測試,Jackson性能好一些,而且Jackson是SpringBoot默認引用的
本文記錄SpringBoot如何使用Jackson
準備
1、在項目中創建包Jackson
2、分別創建4各類文件
2.1、Company實體類(里面包含Department的list)
2.2、Department實體類
2.3、jsonController controller類,接收測試請求
2.4、JsonHelper Jackson操作類
如題所示
每個類內容如下
Company
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Department
public class Department {private String name;private int employeesCount; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getEmployeesCount() { return employeesCount; } public void setEmployeesCount(int employeesCount) { this.employeesCount = employeesCount; } }- 1
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jsonController
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.util.*; @RestController @RequestMapping("/json") public class jsonController { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());//對象方式初始化Log對象 @GetMapping("") public String index() throws Exception { JsonHelper jm = new JsonHelper(); //1、對象<->Json //準備數據 Company c = getCompany(); //對象轉Json String json = jm.toJson(c); logger.info("1.1、對象轉Json="+json); //Json轉對象 Company obj = jm.fromJson(json,Company.class); logger.info("1.2、Json轉對象="+ obj.getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName()); //2、Map<->Json //Json轉Map Map map = jm.fromJson(json,Map.class); List<Map> tempList = (List<Map>)map.get("departmentArrayList"); logger.info("2.1、Json轉Map="+tempList.get(0).get("name")); //Map轉Json json = jm.toJson(map); logger.info("2.2、Map轉Json="+json); //3、List<Object> <->Json //準備數據 List<Company> companyList = new ArrayList<Company>(); companyList.add(getCompany()); companyList.add(getCompany()); companyList.add(getCompany()); //List<Object>轉Json json = jm.toJson(companyList); logger.info("3.1、List<Object>轉Json="+json); //Json轉List<Object> List<Company> companyListDecode = jm.fromJson(json,new TypeReference<List<Company>>() {}); logger.info("3.2、Json轉List<Object>="+companyListDecode.get(0).getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName()); //4、Map<String, Object><-> Json //準備數據 Map<String, Company> map1 = new HashMap<String, Company>() ; map1.put("1",getCompany()); map1.put("2",getCompany()); map1.put("3",getCompany()); //Map<String, Object>轉Json json = jm.toJson(map1); logger.info("4.1、Map<String, Object>轉Json="+json); //Json轉Map<String, Object> Map<String, Company> map1Decode = jm.fromJson(json,new TypeReference<Map<String, Company>>() {}); logger.info("4.2、Json轉Map<String, Object>="+map1Decode.get("1").getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName()); //5、List<Map<String, Object>><->Json //準備數據 List<Map<String, Company>> listMap =new ArrayList<Map<String, Company>>(); Map<String, Company> map2 = new HashMap<String, Company>() ; map2.put("a",getCompany()); map2.put("b",getCompany()); map2.put("c",getCompany()); listMap.add(map1); listMap.add(map2); //List<Map<String, Object>> 轉Json json = jm.toJson(listMap); logger.info("5.1、List<Map<String, Object>> 轉Json="+json); //Json 轉 List<Map<String, Object>> List<Map<String, Company>> listMapDecode = jm.fromJson(json,new TypeReference<List<Map<String, Company>>>() {}); logger.info("5.2、List<Map<String, Object>> 轉Json="+listMapDecode.get(0).get("1").getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName()); return ""; } private Company getCompany() { long time = new Date().getTime(); String sTime = String.valueOf(time); Company c = new Company(); c.setEmployeesCount(10); c.setName("公司名"+sTime); List list = new ArrayList(); Department d1= new Department(); d1.setEmployeesCount(5); d1.setName("部門1"+sTime); Department d2= new Department(); d2.setEmployeesCount(5); d2.setName("部門2"+sTime); list.add(d1); list.add(d2); c.setDepartmentArrayList(list); return c; } }- 1
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JsonHelper
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException; import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.util.JSONPObject; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import java.io.IOException; public class JsonHelper { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); ObjectMapper mapper; public JsonHelper() { mapper = new ObjectMapper(); mapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL); mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false); } public JsonHelper(JsonInclude.Include include) { mapper = new ObjectMapper(); mapper.setSerializationInclusion(include); mapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false); } public String toJson(Object object) throws JsonProcessingException { return mapper.writeValueAsString(object); } public <T> T fromJson(String json, Class<T> cls) throws IOException { return mapper.readValue(json, cls); } public <T> T fromJson(String json,TypeReference valueTypeRef) throws IOException { return mapper.readValue(json, valueTypeRef); } }- 1
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轉換方式
共舉例如下幾種轉換方式(整體在jsonController文件中,這里分別拆出來說明)
對象<->Json
//1、對象<->Json//準備數據Company c = getCompany();//對象轉JsonString json = jm.toJson(c); logger.info("1.1、對象轉Json="+json); //Json轉對象 Company obj = jm.fromJson(json,Company.class); logger.info("1.2、Json轉對象="+ obj.getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName());- 1
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Map<->Json
//2、Map<->Json//Json轉MapMap map = jm.fromJson(json,Map.class); List<Map> tempList = (List<Map>)map.get("departmentArrayList"); logger.info("2.1、Json轉Map="+tempList.get(0).get("name")); //Map轉Json json = jm.toJson(map); logger.info("2.2、Map轉Json="+json);- 1
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List<Object> <->Json
//3、List<Object> <->Json//準備數據List<Company> companyList = new ArrayList<Company>();companyList.add(getCompany()); companyList.add(getCompany()); companyList.add(getCompany()); //List<Object>轉Json json = jm.toJson(companyList); logger.info("3.1、List<Object>轉Json="+json); //Json轉List<Object> List<Company> companyListDecode = jm.fromJson(json,new TypeReference<List<Company>>() {}); logger.info("3.2、Json轉List<Object>="+companyListDecode.get(0).getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName());- 1
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Map<String, Object><-> Json
//4、Map<String, Object><-> Json//準備數據Map<String, Company> map1 = new HashMap<String, Company>() ; map1.put("1",getCompany()); map1.put("2",getCompany()); map1.put("3",getCompany()); //Map<String, Object>轉Json json = jm.toJson(map1); logger.info("4.1、Map<String, Object>轉Json="+json); //Json轉Map<String, Object> Map<String, Company> map1Decode = jm.fromJson(json,new TypeReference<Map<String, Company>>() {}); logger.info("4.2、Json轉Map<String, Object>="+map1Decode.get("1").getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName());- 1
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List<Map<String, Object>><->Json
//5、List<Map<String, Object>><->Json //準備數據 List<Map<String, Company>> listMap =new ArrayList<Map<String, Company>>(); Map<String, Company> map2 = new HashMap<String, Company>() ; map2.put("a",getCompany()); map2.put("b",getCompany()); map2.put("c",getCompany()); listMap.add(map1); listMap.add(map2); //List<Map<String, Object>> 轉Json json = jm.toJson(listMap); logger.info("5.1、List<Map<String, Object>> 轉Json="+json); //Json 轉 List<Map<String, Object>> List<Map<String, Company>> listMapDecode = jm.fromJson(json,new TypeReference<List<Map<String, Company>>>() {}); logger.info("5.2、List<Map<String, Object>> 轉Json="+listMapDecode.get(0).get("1").getDepartmentArrayList().get(0).getName());- 1
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測試
訪問controller的方法,查看日志可以看出來每種轉換都可以成功轉為json,也可以成功轉為對象
其它特性
在有些時候,我們會希望進行一些特殊處理,例如json不
忽略字段
@JsonIgnore 進行JSON操作時忽略該屬性。
對于實體類中,如果有某個字段不希望參與json序列化與反序列化,可以把屬性標記為@JsonIgnore
例如Company這個類
如果我們給Name、Address、employeesCount三個屬性賦值了,序列化出來的內容是
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如果employeesCount是一個內容計數的值,不希望參與序列化,我們可以標記它
@JsonIgnoreprivate int employeesCount;- 1
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這樣再次序列化的結果就變為了
{"name": "公司名1504689048950", "address": "地址" }- 1
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處理時間類型
@JsonFormat(pattern = “yyyy年MM月dd日”) 時間格式化
我們在Company實體類增加一個Date類型的屬性,并且賦值序列化
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賦值然后再序列化,得到的內容是
{"name": "公司名1504689283756", "address": "地址", "createDate": 1504689283756 }- 1
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可以看到時間是一個數字
我們標記這個屬性,再次序列化
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時間按照指定的格式顯示了
更改字段序列化名
@JsonProperty(“newName”) 改字段名
默認情況下,字段名是什么,序列化出來的key值也就是什么,如果我們希望序列化出來的名字和字段名不一樣,則需要使用這個標記
我們把Company的name標記為newName
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然后進行序列化
{"address": "地址", "createDate": "2017年09月06日", "newName": "公司名1504689496978" }- 1
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可以看出來,結果出來的key就使用了自定義的名字
總結
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